ICAI Notes- Blood Relations | Quantitative Aptitude for CA Foundation PDF Download

 Page 1


w Blood relations of a group of persons are given in jumbled form. In these tests, the questions 
which are asked in this section depend upon Relation.
12
CHAPTER
BLOOD  
RELATIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 12.1 DEFINITION 
A person who is related to another by birth rather than by marriage.
Prerequisites:
To remember easily the relations may be divided into two sides as given below:
(i) Relations of Paternal side: 
 Father’s father ? Grandfather 
 Father’s mother ? Grandmother 
 Father’s brother ? Uncle 
 Father’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of uncle ? Aunt 
 Children of aunt ? Cousin 
 Husband of aunt ? Uncle 
(ii) Relations of Maternal side: 
 Mother’s father ? Maternal grandfather 
 Mother’s mother ? Maternal grandmother 
 Mother’s brother ? Maternal uncle 
 Mother’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of maternal uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of maternal uncle ? Maternal aunty
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
Page 2


w Blood relations of a group of persons are given in jumbled form. In these tests, the questions 
which are asked in this section depend upon Relation.
12
CHAPTER
BLOOD  
RELATIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 12.1 DEFINITION 
A person who is related to another by birth rather than by marriage.
Prerequisites:
To remember easily the relations may be divided into two sides as given below:
(i) Relations of Paternal side: 
 Father’s father ? Grandfather 
 Father’s mother ? Grandmother 
 Father’s brother ? Uncle 
 Father’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of uncle ? Aunt 
 Children of aunt ? Cousin 
 Husband of aunt ? Uncle 
(ii) Relations of Maternal side: 
 Mother’s father ? Maternal grandfather 
 Mother’s mother ? Maternal grandmother 
 Mother’s brother ? Maternal uncle 
 Mother’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of maternal uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of maternal uncle ? Maternal aunty
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.2
LOGICAL REASONING
Relations:
1. Grandfather’s son • Father or Uncle
2. Grandmother’s son • Father or Uncle
3. Grandfather’s only son • Father
4. Grandmother’s only son • Father
5. Mother’s or father’s mother • Grandmother
6. Son’s wife • Daughter-in-Law
7. Daughter’s husband • Son-in-Law
8. Husband’s or wife’s sister • Sister-in-Law
9. Brother’s son • Nephew
10. Brother’s daughter • Niece
11. Uncle or aunt’s son or daughter • Cousin
12. Sister’s husband • Brother-in-Law
13. Brother’s wife • Sister-in-Law
14. Granson’s or grand daughter’s daughter • Great grand Daughter
The efficiency in doing the problems of blood relations depends upon the knowledge of the blood 
relations. Some of the important relations are given below:
a) My mother’s or father’s son is my Brother. 
b) My mother’s or father’s daughter is my Sister. 
c) My mother’s or father’s father is my Grandfather. 
d) My mother’s or father’s sister is my Aunt. 
e) My mother’s or father’s brother is my Uncle. 
f) My son’s wife is my Daughter-in-law. 
g) My daughter’s husband is my Son-in-law. 
h) My brother’s son is my Nephew. 
i) My brother’s daughter is my Neice. 
j) My sister’s husband is my Brother-in-law. 
k) My brother’s wife is my Sister-in-law. 
l) My husband’s or wifer’s sister is my Sister-in-law. 
m) My husband’s or wife’s brother is my Brother-in-law. 
n) My uncle’s or aunt’s son or daughter is my Cousin. 
o) My wife’s father or husband’s father is my Father-in-law. 
p) My wife’s mother or husband’s mother is my Mother-in-law. 
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
Page 3


w Blood relations of a group of persons are given in jumbled form. In these tests, the questions 
which are asked in this section depend upon Relation.
12
CHAPTER
BLOOD  
RELATIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 12.1 DEFINITION 
A person who is related to another by birth rather than by marriage.
Prerequisites:
To remember easily the relations may be divided into two sides as given below:
(i) Relations of Paternal side: 
 Father’s father ? Grandfather 
 Father’s mother ? Grandmother 
 Father’s brother ? Uncle 
 Father’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of uncle ? Aunt 
 Children of aunt ? Cousin 
 Husband of aunt ? Uncle 
(ii) Relations of Maternal side: 
 Mother’s father ? Maternal grandfather 
 Mother’s mother ? Maternal grandmother 
 Mother’s brother ? Maternal uncle 
 Mother’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of maternal uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of maternal uncle ? Maternal aunty
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.2
LOGICAL REASONING
Relations:
1. Grandfather’s son • Father or Uncle
2. Grandmother’s son • Father or Uncle
3. Grandfather’s only son • Father
4. Grandmother’s only son • Father
5. Mother’s or father’s mother • Grandmother
6. Son’s wife • Daughter-in-Law
7. Daughter’s husband • Son-in-Law
8. Husband’s or wife’s sister • Sister-in-Law
9. Brother’s son • Nephew
10. Brother’s daughter • Niece
11. Uncle or aunt’s son or daughter • Cousin
12. Sister’s husband • Brother-in-Law
13. Brother’s wife • Sister-in-Law
14. Granson’s or grand daughter’s daughter • Great grand Daughter
The efficiency in doing the problems of blood relations depends upon the knowledge of the blood 
relations. Some of the important relations are given below:
a) My mother’s or father’s son is my Brother. 
b) My mother’s or father’s daughter is my Sister. 
c) My mother’s or father’s father is my Grandfather. 
d) My mother’s or father’s sister is my Aunt. 
e) My mother’s or father’s brother is my Uncle. 
f) My son’s wife is my Daughter-in-law. 
g) My daughter’s husband is my Son-in-law. 
h) My brother’s son is my Nephew. 
i) My brother’s daughter is my Neice. 
j) My sister’s husband is my Brother-in-law. 
k) My brother’s wife is my Sister-in-law. 
l) My husband’s or wifer’s sister is my Sister-in-law. 
m) My husband’s or wife’s brother is my Brother-in-law. 
n) My uncle’s or aunt’s son or daughter is my Cousin. 
o) My wife’s father or husband’s father is my Father-in-law. 
p) My wife’s mother or husband’s mother is my Mother-in-law. 
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.3
BLOOD RELATIONS
q) My father’s wife is my Mother. 
r) My mother’s husband is my Father. 
s) My son’s or daughter’s son is my Grandson. 
t) My son’s or daughter’s daughter is my Grand-daughter. 
Different types of questions with explanation:
(1) A is B’s daughter, B is C’s mother. D is C’s brother. How is D related to A?
 (a) Father (b) Grandfather (c) Brother  (d) Son
 Explanation: A is daughterD D DDD . DD B is mother of C, ‘D’ is Brother of ‘ A’ 
 Therefore, D is Son of B. Thus ‘D’ is brother of ‘ A’
(2) P is Q’s brother. R is Q’s mother. S is R’s father. T is S’s mother. How is P related to T?
 (a) Grand-daughter  (b) Great grandson (c) Grandson (d) Grandmother
 Explanation: P is brother of Q . Therefore, P is a male. 
 R is mother of P and Q and R is daughter of S. S is Son of T.
 S is grandfather of P.
 And T is great grandmother of P. Hence, P is greatgrand son of T.
(3) A is B’s brother. C is D’s father. E is B’s mother. A and D are brothers. How is E related to C?
 (a) Sister (b) Sister-in-law (c) Niece (d) Wife
 Explanation: A is brother of B . Therefore, A is male.
 C is father of D. Therefore, C is male.
 E is mother of B. Therefore, E is Female.
 A and D are brothers.
 Therefore, D is male.
 Deductions:
 (i) A and D are brothers of D
 (ii) C is the father of A, B and D
 (iii) C is the mother of A, B and D 
 Thus, E is wife of C
(4) A is the sister of B. B is the brother of C. C is the son of D. How is D related to A?
 (a) Mother  (b) Daughter (c) Son (d) Uncle
 Explanation: (1) B is brother of C 
 C is son of D.
 A is the sister of B and C. A is the daughter of ‘D’.
 According to the options given, we are left with no choice. But selection option (a) is correct. 
D
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
Page 4


w Blood relations of a group of persons are given in jumbled form. In these tests, the questions 
which are asked in this section depend upon Relation.
12
CHAPTER
BLOOD  
RELATIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 12.1 DEFINITION 
A person who is related to another by birth rather than by marriage.
Prerequisites:
To remember easily the relations may be divided into two sides as given below:
(i) Relations of Paternal side: 
 Father’s father ? Grandfather 
 Father’s mother ? Grandmother 
 Father’s brother ? Uncle 
 Father’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of uncle ? Aunt 
 Children of aunt ? Cousin 
 Husband of aunt ? Uncle 
(ii) Relations of Maternal side: 
 Mother’s father ? Maternal grandfather 
 Mother’s mother ? Maternal grandmother 
 Mother’s brother ? Maternal uncle 
 Mother’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of maternal uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of maternal uncle ? Maternal aunty
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.2
LOGICAL REASONING
Relations:
1. Grandfather’s son • Father or Uncle
2. Grandmother’s son • Father or Uncle
3. Grandfather’s only son • Father
4. Grandmother’s only son • Father
5. Mother’s or father’s mother • Grandmother
6. Son’s wife • Daughter-in-Law
7. Daughter’s husband • Son-in-Law
8. Husband’s or wife’s sister • Sister-in-Law
9. Brother’s son • Nephew
10. Brother’s daughter • Niece
11. Uncle or aunt’s son or daughter • Cousin
12. Sister’s husband • Brother-in-Law
13. Brother’s wife • Sister-in-Law
14. Granson’s or grand daughter’s daughter • Great grand Daughter
The efficiency in doing the problems of blood relations depends upon the knowledge of the blood 
relations. Some of the important relations are given below:
a) My mother’s or father’s son is my Brother. 
b) My mother’s or father’s daughter is my Sister. 
c) My mother’s or father’s father is my Grandfather. 
d) My mother’s or father’s sister is my Aunt. 
e) My mother’s or father’s brother is my Uncle. 
f) My son’s wife is my Daughter-in-law. 
g) My daughter’s husband is my Son-in-law. 
h) My brother’s son is my Nephew. 
i) My brother’s daughter is my Neice. 
j) My sister’s husband is my Brother-in-law. 
k) My brother’s wife is my Sister-in-law. 
l) My husband’s or wifer’s sister is my Sister-in-law. 
m) My husband’s or wife’s brother is my Brother-in-law. 
n) My uncle’s or aunt’s son or daughter is my Cousin. 
o) My wife’s father or husband’s father is my Father-in-law. 
p) My wife’s mother or husband’s mother is my Mother-in-law. 
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.3
BLOOD RELATIONS
q) My father’s wife is my Mother. 
r) My mother’s husband is my Father. 
s) My son’s or daughter’s son is my Grandson. 
t) My son’s or daughter’s daughter is my Grand-daughter. 
Different types of questions with explanation:
(1) A is B’s daughter, B is C’s mother. D is C’s brother. How is D related to A?
 (a) Father (b) Grandfather (c) Brother  (d) Son
 Explanation: A is daughterD D DDD . DD B is mother of C, ‘D’ is Brother of ‘ A’ 
 Therefore, D is Son of B. Thus ‘D’ is brother of ‘ A’
(2) P is Q’s brother. R is Q’s mother. S is R’s father. T is S’s mother. How is P related to T?
 (a) Grand-daughter  (b) Great grandson (c) Grandson (d) Grandmother
 Explanation: P is brother of Q . Therefore, P is a male. 
 R is mother of P and Q and R is daughter of S. S is Son of T.
 S is grandfather of P.
 And T is great grandmother of P. Hence, P is greatgrand son of T.
(3) A is B’s brother. C is D’s father. E is B’s mother. A and D are brothers. How is E related to C?
 (a) Sister (b) Sister-in-law (c) Niece (d) Wife
 Explanation: A is brother of B . Therefore, A is male.
 C is father of D. Therefore, C is male.
 E is mother of B. Therefore, E is Female.
 A and D are brothers.
 Therefore, D is male.
 Deductions:
 (i) A and D are brothers of D
 (ii) C is the father of A, B and D
 (iii) C is the mother of A, B and D 
 Thus, E is wife of C
(4) A is the sister of B. B is the brother of C. C is the son of D. How is D related to A?
 (a) Mother  (b) Daughter (c) Son (d) Uncle
 Explanation: (1) B is brother of C 
 C is son of D.
 A is the sister of B and C. A is the daughter of ‘D’.
 According to the options given, we are left with no choice. But selection option (a) is correct. 
D
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.4
LOGICAL REASONING
5. B is the brother of A. whose only sister is mother of C. D is maternal grandmother of C. How is A 
related to D?
 (a) Daughter-in-law  (b) Daughter  (c) Aunt  (d) Nephew
 Explanation: Although sex of A is not mentioned clearly in the question. On the basis of 
information given is A is daughter of D.
6. A and B are sisters. R and S are brothers. A’s daughter is R’s sister. What is B’s relation to S?
 (a) Mother  (b) Grandmother (c) Sister  (d) Aunt
 Explanation: A’s daughter is the sister of R and S.
 B is sister of A. B is aunt of S.
7. E is the sister of B. A is the father of C. B is the son of C. How is A related to E?
 (a) Grandfather  (b) Grand-daughter (c) Father (d) Great-grandfather
 Explanation: B’ is the son of C and Grandson of A.
 E is sister of B.
 Therefore, A is Grandfather of E.
8. Given that:
 
A is the mother of B.
 C is the son of A.
 
D is the brother of E.
 
E is the daughter of B.
 
Who is grandmother of D?
 
(a)
 
A
 
(b)
 
B
 
(c)
 
C 
 
(d)
 
D
 
Explanation: E is the daughter of B and D is brother of E. Therefore D is son B and A is son of A and 
A is mother of B.
 
Thus A, is Grandmother of D. Therefore, D is son of B.
9. A is D’ brother. D is B’s father. B and C are sisters. How is A related to C?
 (a) Son  (b) Grandson (c) Father (d) Uncle
 Explanation: B and C daughters of D .
 A is brother of D .
 Therefore A is uncle of C.
10. A is B’s sister, C is B’s mother, D is C’s father, E is D’s mother, then how A is related to D?
 (a) Grandfather (b) Daughter (c) Grandmother (d) Granddaughter
 Explanation: D is Father of C and C is mother of A and B. 
 Thus, A is granddaughter of D
C is son of A and A is mother of B.
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
Page 5


w Blood relations of a group of persons are given in jumbled form. In these tests, the questions 
which are asked in this section depend upon Relation.
12
CHAPTER
BLOOD  
RELATIONS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 12.1 DEFINITION 
A person who is related to another by birth rather than by marriage.
Prerequisites:
To remember easily the relations may be divided into two sides as given below:
(i) Relations of Paternal side: 
 Father’s father ? Grandfather 
 Father’s mother ? Grandmother 
 Father’s brother ? Uncle 
 Father’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of uncle ? Aunt 
 Children of aunt ? Cousin 
 Husband of aunt ? Uncle 
(ii) Relations of Maternal side: 
 Mother’s father ? Maternal grandfather 
 Mother’s mother ? Maternal grandmother 
 Mother’s brother ? Maternal uncle 
 Mother’s sister ? Aunt 
 Children of maternal uncle ? Cousin 
 Wife of maternal uncle ? Maternal aunty
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.2
LOGICAL REASONING
Relations:
1. Grandfather’s son • Father or Uncle
2. Grandmother’s son • Father or Uncle
3. Grandfather’s only son • Father
4. Grandmother’s only son • Father
5. Mother’s or father’s mother • Grandmother
6. Son’s wife • Daughter-in-Law
7. Daughter’s husband • Son-in-Law
8. Husband’s or wife’s sister • Sister-in-Law
9. Brother’s son • Nephew
10. Brother’s daughter • Niece
11. Uncle or aunt’s son or daughter • Cousin
12. Sister’s husband • Brother-in-Law
13. Brother’s wife • Sister-in-Law
14. Granson’s or grand daughter’s daughter • Great grand Daughter
The efficiency in doing the problems of blood relations depends upon the knowledge of the blood 
relations. Some of the important relations are given below:
a) My mother’s or father’s son is my Brother. 
b) My mother’s or father’s daughter is my Sister. 
c) My mother’s or father’s father is my Grandfather. 
d) My mother’s or father’s sister is my Aunt. 
e) My mother’s or father’s brother is my Uncle. 
f) My son’s wife is my Daughter-in-law. 
g) My daughter’s husband is my Son-in-law. 
h) My brother’s son is my Nephew. 
i) My brother’s daughter is my Neice. 
j) My sister’s husband is my Brother-in-law. 
k) My brother’s wife is my Sister-in-law. 
l) My husband’s or wifer’s sister is my Sister-in-law. 
m) My husband’s or wife’s brother is my Brother-in-law. 
n) My uncle’s or aunt’s son or daughter is my Cousin. 
o) My wife’s father or husband’s father is my Father-in-law. 
p) My wife’s mother or husband’s mother is my Mother-in-law. 
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.3
BLOOD RELATIONS
q) My father’s wife is my Mother. 
r) My mother’s husband is my Father. 
s) My son’s or daughter’s son is my Grandson. 
t) My son’s or daughter’s daughter is my Grand-daughter. 
Different types of questions with explanation:
(1) A is B’s daughter, B is C’s mother. D is C’s brother. How is D related to A?
 (a) Father (b) Grandfather (c) Brother  (d) Son
 Explanation: A is daughterD D DDD . DD B is mother of C, ‘D’ is Brother of ‘ A’ 
 Therefore, D is Son of B. Thus ‘D’ is brother of ‘ A’
(2) P is Q’s brother. R is Q’s mother. S is R’s father. T is S’s mother. How is P related to T?
 (a) Grand-daughter  (b) Great grandson (c) Grandson (d) Grandmother
 Explanation: P is brother of Q . Therefore, P is a male. 
 R is mother of P and Q and R is daughter of S. S is Son of T.
 S is grandfather of P.
 And T is great grandmother of P. Hence, P is greatgrand son of T.
(3) A is B’s brother. C is D’s father. E is B’s mother. A and D are brothers. How is E related to C?
 (a) Sister (b) Sister-in-law (c) Niece (d) Wife
 Explanation: A is brother of B . Therefore, A is male.
 C is father of D. Therefore, C is male.
 E is mother of B. Therefore, E is Female.
 A and D are brothers.
 Therefore, D is male.
 Deductions:
 (i) A and D are brothers of D
 (ii) C is the father of A, B and D
 (iii) C is the mother of A, B and D 
 Thus, E is wife of C
(4) A is the sister of B. B is the brother of C. C is the son of D. How is D related to A?
 (a) Mother  (b) Daughter (c) Son (d) Uncle
 Explanation: (1) B is brother of C 
 C is son of D.
 A is the sister of B and C. A is the daughter of ‘D’.
 According to the options given, we are left with no choice. But selection option (a) is correct. 
D
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.4
LOGICAL REASONING
5. B is the brother of A. whose only sister is mother of C. D is maternal grandmother of C. How is A 
related to D?
 (a) Daughter-in-law  (b) Daughter  (c) Aunt  (d) Nephew
 Explanation: Although sex of A is not mentioned clearly in the question. On the basis of 
information given is A is daughter of D.
6. A and B are sisters. R and S are brothers. A’s daughter is R’s sister. What is B’s relation to S?
 (a) Mother  (b) Grandmother (c) Sister  (d) Aunt
 Explanation: A’s daughter is the sister of R and S.
 B is sister of A. B is aunt of S.
7. E is the sister of B. A is the father of C. B is the son of C. How is A related to E?
 (a) Grandfather  (b) Grand-daughter (c) Father (d) Great-grandfather
 Explanation: B’ is the son of C and Grandson of A.
 E is sister of B.
 Therefore, A is Grandfather of E.
8. Given that:
 
A is the mother of B.
 C is the son of A.
 
D is the brother of E.
 
E is the daughter of B.
 
Who is grandmother of D?
 
(a)
 
A
 
(b)
 
B
 
(c)
 
C 
 
(d)
 
D
 
Explanation: E is the daughter of B and D is brother of E. Therefore D is son B and A is son of A and 
A is mother of B.
 
Thus A, is Grandmother of D. Therefore, D is son of B.
9. A is D’ brother. D is B’s father. B and C are sisters. How is A related to C?
 (a) Son  (b) Grandson (c) Father (d) Uncle
 Explanation: B and C daughters of D .
 A is brother of D .
 Therefore A is uncle of C.
10. A is B’s sister, C is B’s mother, D is C’s father, E is D’s mother, then how A is related to D?
 (a) Grandfather (b) Daughter (c) Grandmother (d) Granddaughter
 Explanation: D is Father of C and C is mother of A and B. 
 Thus, A is granddaughter of D
C is son of A and A is mother of B.
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
12.5
BLOOD RELATIONS
11. (i) F is the brother of A.   
 (ii) C is the daughter of A.
 (iii) K is the sister of F.
 (iv) G is the brother of C.
 Who is the uncle of G?
 (a) A (b) C (c) K (d) F
 Explanation: G is son of A and F is brother of A. Hence, F is uncle of G. 
12. A is father of C and D is son of B. E is brother of A. If C is sister of D how is B related to E?
 (a) Sister-in-law  (b) Sister  (c) Brother (d) Brother-in-law
 Explanation: C and D are Children of A and B.
 B is mother of C and D.
 Therefore, B is Sister-in-law of E.
13. C is wife of B. E is the son of C, A is the brother of B and father of D. What is the relationship of 
E to D?
 (a) Mother  (b) Sister (c) Brother  (d) Cousin
 Explanation: E is son of B and C.
 A is uncle of E and Father of D.
 Therefore E is cousin of D.
14. M is the son of P. Q is the grand-daughter of O, who is the husband of P. How is M related to O?
 (a) Son  (b) Daughter (c) Mother (d) Father
 Explanation: O is the Husband of P. M is the son of P.
 Therefore, M is son of O. 
15. X and Y are brothers. R is the father of Y. S is the brother of T and maternal uncle of X. What is T 
to R?
 (a) Mother  (b) Wife (c) Sister (d) Brother
 Explanation: R is the Father of X and Y.
 S is the maternal uncle of X and Y.
 Considering the option (b), T is wife of R.
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India