PPT: Pastoralists in the Modern World

 Page 1


Pastorialists in the 
Modern World
Page 2


Pastorialists in the 
Modern World
Introduction
1
Nomadic Lifestyle
Nomads move in search of 
livelihood, primarily 
depending on animal 
rearing. They have a 
strong sense of 
territoriality.
2
Sustenance
They consume mostly 
grains like wheat, rice, 
bajra, and maize. Some 
food is grown themselves, 
some arranged during 
movement.
3
Economic System
Most follow a barter system, exchanging animals for food or 
grains. Some use money as well.
Page 3


Pastorialists in the 
Modern World
Introduction
1
Nomadic Lifestyle
Nomads move in search of 
livelihood, primarily 
depending on animal 
rearing. They have a 
strong sense of 
territoriality.
2
Sustenance
They consume mostly 
grains like wheat, rice, 
bajra, and maize. Some 
food is grown themselves, 
some arranged during 
movement.
3
Economic System
Most follow a barter system, exchanging animals for food or 
grains. Some use money as well.
Pastoral Nomads and 
their Movements
Territorial Movement
Nomads move with purpose, 
aware of physical and 
cultural characteristics of 
their regions.
Animal Selection
They choose animals based 
on local climate, vegetation, 
and cultural prestige.
Seasonal Patterns
Movement follows seasonal patterns to find optimal grazing 
conditions throughout the year.
Page 4


Pastorialists in the 
Modern World
Introduction
1
Nomadic Lifestyle
Nomads move in search of 
livelihood, primarily 
depending on animal 
rearing. They have a 
strong sense of 
territoriality.
2
Sustenance
They consume mostly 
grains like wheat, rice, 
bajra, and maize. Some 
food is grown themselves, 
some arranged during 
movement.
3
Economic System
Most follow a barter system, exchanging animals for food or 
grains. Some use money as well.
Pastoral Nomads and 
their Movements
Territorial Movement
Nomads move with purpose, 
aware of physical and 
cultural characteristics of 
their regions.
Animal Selection
They choose animals based 
on local climate, vegetation, 
and cultural prestige.
Seasonal Patterns
Movement follows seasonal patterns to find optimal grazing 
conditions throughout the year.
In the Mountains
The Gujjar Bakarwals
Traditional herders of goats and sheep who migrated to 
Jammu and Kashmir in the 19th century.
They follow cyclical migration between summer and 
winter grazing grounds.
Seasonal Movement
Winters in the low Siwalik hills with dry scrub forests for 
grazing.
By late April, they move northward in groups (kafilas) to 
lush Kashmir mountains.
Return by late September before mountain snow.
Page 5


Pastorialists in the 
Modern World
Introduction
1
Nomadic Lifestyle
Nomads move in search of 
livelihood, primarily 
depending on animal 
rearing. They have a 
strong sense of 
territoriality.
2
Sustenance
They consume mostly 
grains like wheat, rice, 
bajra, and maize. Some 
food is grown themselves, 
some arranged during 
movement.
3
Economic System
Most follow a barter system, exchanging animals for food or 
grains. Some use money as well.
Pastoral Nomads and 
their Movements
Territorial Movement
Nomads move with purpose, 
aware of physical and 
cultural characteristics of 
their regions.
Animal Selection
They choose animals based 
on local climate, vegetation, 
and cultural prestige.
Seasonal Patterns
Movement follows seasonal patterns to find optimal grazing 
conditions throughout the year.
In the Mountains
The Gujjar Bakarwals
Traditional herders of goats and sheep who migrated to 
Jammu and Kashmir in the 19th century.
They follow cyclical migration between summer and 
winter grazing grounds.
Seasonal Movement
Winters in the low Siwalik hills with dry scrub forests for 
grazing.
By late April, they move northward in groups (kafilas) to 
lush Kashmir mountains.
Return by late September before mountain snow.
The Gaddi Shepherds
1
Winter Grazing
Spent winters in the low Shiwalik hills, grazing flocks in scrub forests.
2
Summer Movement
By April, moved north to Lahul and Spiti. When snow melted, accessed higher meadows.
3
Harvest Season
By September, began return journey, stopping to reap summer harvest and sow winter crops.
4
Return Cycle
Descended to winter grazing grounds in Siwalik hills, repeating the annual cycle.