Agriculture of Jharkhand | Jharkhand State (JPSC) PSC: Preparation - JPSC (Jharkhand) PDF Download

 Page 1


Amar Ujala Publications Jharkhand : General Knowledge
AGRICULTURE
The State of Jharkhand was created in November 2000 after caruing 79 Lakh
hectares geographical area from the state of Bihar for better planning and execution
of development activities of ecologically different Zones. Agriculture is the main
stay-for the 80% of rural population of the state. Agriculture is their employment
and primary income generating activity. The agricultural economy of Jharkhand
state is characterized by dependence of Nature, low investment, low productivity,
mono-croping with paddy as the dominant crop, in inadequate irrigation facilities
and small and marginan holding. The dependence of agrricultre on the vagaries of
the rain-god can be gavged from the fact that as much as 92% of the  total cultivated
area is unirrigated.
Importance of Agriculture in Jharkhand State Economy
(1) The state has a cultivated area of about 1.8 ha. comprising 22% of the
geogripcal area.
(2) The net irrigated area is 0.16 mha. Coverage under irrigation in rice is
5.60%. Rice, maize, wheat  and chickpea are the main food Crops.
(3) The Cropping intensity is about 126%. Being largely rainfed, rice is under
cultivation in about 1.4m ha under upland and shallow Lands.
(4) Rice is cultivated in 1.62 8 mha of which 1.078 mha is covered with high
yielding varieties in 2006-2007 which is 66.4%.
Yield of Major Crops in Jharkhand and India
Crop 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Production Kharif 3866 3835 1841 1580 6294 5015
Production Rabi 330 386 370 381 743 1944
Coverage Kharif 2173 2154 1338 1276 2288 1866
Coverage Rabi 333 368 361 359 663 627
CROPS OF JHARKHAND
(1) Paddy : It is the main crop of Jharkhand which is grown as Aghani, Bhadai
and Garma crop. Total productions of paddy  concentreaed Singhbhum followed by
Dumka and Ranchi.
(2) Maize : It occupies 2nd position in production  of crops in the state Majority
of the people grow Bhadai maize, which sowed in about 90 thousand hactare.
(3) Wheat : It is also important crop of Jharkhand. It is produced in Palamu
Hazaribagh, Godda, Deoghar, Giridih, etc, Hence, Godda at Ist position followed by
Palamu and Gumla.
Page 2


Amar Ujala Publications Jharkhand : General Knowledge
AGRICULTURE
The State of Jharkhand was created in November 2000 after caruing 79 Lakh
hectares geographical area from the state of Bihar for better planning and execution
of development activities of ecologically different Zones. Agriculture is the main
stay-for the 80% of rural population of the state. Agriculture is their employment
and primary income generating activity. The agricultural economy of Jharkhand
state is characterized by dependence of Nature, low investment, low productivity,
mono-croping with paddy as the dominant crop, in inadequate irrigation facilities
and small and marginan holding. The dependence of agrricultre on the vagaries of
the rain-god can be gavged from the fact that as much as 92% of the  total cultivated
area is unirrigated.
Importance of Agriculture in Jharkhand State Economy
(1) The state has a cultivated area of about 1.8 ha. comprising 22% of the
geogripcal area.
(2) The net irrigated area is 0.16 mha. Coverage under irrigation in rice is
5.60%. Rice, maize, wheat  and chickpea are the main food Crops.
(3) The Cropping intensity is about 126%. Being largely rainfed, rice is under
cultivation in about 1.4m ha under upland and shallow Lands.
(4) Rice is cultivated in 1.62 8 mha of which 1.078 mha is covered with high
yielding varieties in 2006-2007 which is 66.4%.
Yield of Major Crops in Jharkhand and India
Crop 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Production Kharif 3866 3835 1841 1580 6294 5015
Production Rabi 330 386 370 381 743 1944
Coverage Kharif 2173 2154 1338 1276 2288 1866
Coverage Rabi 333 368 361 359 663 627
CROPS OF JHARKHAND
(1) Paddy : It is the main crop of Jharkhand which is grown as Aghani, Bhadai
and Garma crop. Total productions of paddy  concentreaed Singhbhum followed by
Dumka and Ranchi.
(2) Maize : It occupies 2nd position in production  of crops in the state Majority
of the people grow Bhadai maize, which sowed in about 90 thousand hactare.
(3) Wheat : It is also important crop of Jharkhand. It is produced in Palamu
Hazaribagh, Godda, Deoghar, Giridih, etc, Hence, Godda at Ist position followed by
Palamu and Gumla.
(4) Barley : It is ancient crop. Which is sown in October-November. It grown
in Palamu, Sahebganj, Godda, Hazaribagh.
(5) Sugarcane : It is important crop of Jharkhand. Hazaribagh is the largest
producer of sugarcane  followed by Palamu.
GRAM : Gram is another important crop of the state. It is grown in Palamu,
Garhwa, Godda, Chatra, Gumla. Hazaribagh. etc. There are other districts like of
Bokaro, Dhanbad, East Singbhum, West Singbhum. Koderma and Dumka where
gram is cultivated under less area. Palamu tops in production of gram (Table17.4),
while Godda and Hazaribagh are in second and third position.
OTHER PULSES : Besides gram, other pulses like Mung (kidney bean).
Khesari, Masoor (lentil), Arhar, etc. are grown in the districts of Palamu. Garhwa,
Godda, Pakur, Sahebganj, Ranchi, etc.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Animal husbandry is an integral part of the diverisified agriculture system.
The animal husbandry sector plays a crucial role in the rural economy by provoding
gainful employment particularly to small marginal farmers and agriculture labourers.
It provides gainful employment and source of income to families through employ-
ment of women. In the agrarian economy Jharkhand livestock plays an important
role in contribution to income, employment and women empowerment. At the end
of 9th five year plan, the milk production was 7·74 LMT which increased upto 14·01
LMT at the end of 10th five year plan similarly egg and meat production at the end
of 9th five year plan was 411 million and 386 lakh kg. and increased up to 711 million
and 426·36 lakh kg. respectively after suitable intervention of different animal
husbandry activity. During the 10th plan period by intervention of different animal
husbandry activity. Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and irrigation is included in he
agriculture annual milk production increased from 9·51 lakh mt. ton to 14·01 lakh mt.
ton, egg production from 661 million to 711 million and meet production from 394·63
lakh kg to 426·37 lakh kg. According to the 17th livestock census, 2003, the live-
stock in the state is as under :
Cattle : 7658721
Buffaloes : 1343494
Sheep : 679929
Goat : 5031016
Pig : 1107930
Horses and Poney : 4925
Dog : 485345
Poultry : 14429279
Dumka, Deoghar and Godda districts account for higher population of goats
followed by the districts of South Chotanagpur Division and North Chotanagpur
division. Selective breeding with breetal breed and grading up with Jamunapri
Page 3


Amar Ujala Publications Jharkhand : General Knowledge
AGRICULTURE
The State of Jharkhand was created in November 2000 after caruing 79 Lakh
hectares geographical area from the state of Bihar for better planning and execution
of development activities of ecologically different Zones. Agriculture is the main
stay-for the 80% of rural population of the state. Agriculture is their employment
and primary income generating activity. The agricultural economy of Jharkhand
state is characterized by dependence of Nature, low investment, low productivity,
mono-croping with paddy as the dominant crop, in inadequate irrigation facilities
and small and marginan holding. The dependence of agrricultre on the vagaries of
the rain-god can be gavged from the fact that as much as 92% of the  total cultivated
area is unirrigated.
Importance of Agriculture in Jharkhand State Economy
(1) The state has a cultivated area of about 1.8 ha. comprising 22% of the
geogripcal area.
(2) The net irrigated area is 0.16 mha. Coverage under irrigation in rice is
5.60%. Rice, maize, wheat  and chickpea are the main food Crops.
(3) The Cropping intensity is about 126%. Being largely rainfed, rice is under
cultivation in about 1.4m ha under upland and shallow Lands.
(4) Rice is cultivated in 1.62 8 mha of which 1.078 mha is covered with high
yielding varieties in 2006-2007 which is 66.4%.
Yield of Major Crops in Jharkhand and India
Crop 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Production Kharif 3866 3835 1841 1580 6294 5015
Production Rabi 330 386 370 381 743 1944
Coverage Kharif 2173 2154 1338 1276 2288 1866
Coverage Rabi 333 368 361 359 663 627
CROPS OF JHARKHAND
(1) Paddy : It is the main crop of Jharkhand which is grown as Aghani, Bhadai
and Garma crop. Total productions of paddy  concentreaed Singhbhum followed by
Dumka and Ranchi.
(2) Maize : It occupies 2nd position in production  of crops in the state Majority
of the people grow Bhadai maize, which sowed in about 90 thousand hactare.
(3) Wheat : It is also important crop of Jharkhand. It is produced in Palamu
Hazaribagh, Godda, Deoghar, Giridih, etc, Hence, Godda at Ist position followed by
Palamu and Gumla.
(4) Barley : It is ancient crop. Which is sown in October-November. It grown
in Palamu, Sahebganj, Godda, Hazaribagh.
(5) Sugarcane : It is important crop of Jharkhand. Hazaribagh is the largest
producer of sugarcane  followed by Palamu.
GRAM : Gram is another important crop of the state. It is grown in Palamu,
Garhwa, Godda, Chatra, Gumla. Hazaribagh. etc. There are other districts like of
Bokaro, Dhanbad, East Singbhum, West Singbhum. Koderma and Dumka where
gram is cultivated under less area. Palamu tops in production of gram (Table17.4),
while Godda and Hazaribagh are in second and third position.
OTHER PULSES : Besides gram, other pulses like Mung (kidney bean).
Khesari, Masoor (lentil), Arhar, etc. are grown in the districts of Palamu. Garhwa,
Godda, Pakur, Sahebganj, Ranchi, etc.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Animal husbandry is an integral part of the diverisified agriculture system.
The animal husbandry sector plays a crucial role in the rural economy by provoding
gainful employment particularly to small marginal farmers and agriculture labourers.
It provides gainful employment and source of income to families through employ-
ment of women. In the agrarian economy Jharkhand livestock plays an important
role in contribution to income, employment and women empowerment. At the end
of 9th five year plan, the milk production was 7·74 LMT which increased upto 14·01
LMT at the end of 10th five year plan similarly egg and meat production at the end
of 9th five year plan was 411 million and 386 lakh kg. and increased up to 711 million
and 426·36 lakh kg. respectively after suitable intervention of different animal
husbandry activity. During the 10th plan period by intervention of different animal
husbandry activity. Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and irrigation is included in he
agriculture annual milk production increased from 9·51 lakh mt. ton to 14·01 lakh mt.
ton, egg production from 661 million to 711 million and meet production from 394·63
lakh kg to 426·37 lakh kg. According to the 17th livestock census, 2003, the live-
stock in the state is as under :
Cattle : 7658721
Buffaloes : 1343494
Sheep : 679929
Goat : 5031016
Pig : 1107930
Horses and Poney : 4925
Dog : 485345
Poultry : 14429279
Dumka, Deoghar and Godda districts account for higher population of goats
followed by the districts of South Chotanagpur Division and North Chotanagpur
division. Selective breeding with breetal breed and grading up with Jamunapri
goats had been taken up in the State. There are three goat farms-i) Chatra (Beetal
Breed, ii) Ranchi (Bldck Bengal Breed, iii) Sahebganj (Black Bengal Breed).
Pigs are mostly concentrated in plateau region of Chotanagpur. Three inten-
sive piggery development projects are being implemented at Lohardaga, Simdega
and Chakradharpur. There are two wool collection centers in East Singbhum. In
addition, grading program me of Shahabadi with Corriedale Ram has also been
taken up.
Breedable cattle population is 1·90 million and breedable buffalo is 0·39 million.
There is improvement among cross breed population and it increased by 24·44%
from 2003 to 2008. In Jharkhand, milk productivity of cow is 159 kg per cattle per day
whereas the national average is 3 kg per cattle per day.
INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS
No. of class Veterinary hospital : 424
No. of mobile veterinary hospital : 04
No. of provincial veterinary hospital : 23
No. of cattle breeding forms : 03
No. of state run poultryforms : 02
No. of state run pig farms : 06
No. of state run goal farms : 01
No. of Gokul Gram Vikas Centre : 64
No. of A. I. centres managed by the Department : 405
No. of  Dairy Cattle Development
Centre managed by BAIT : 410.
No. of Milk Chilling Central/dairies : 16
No. of Biological production unit : 01
The Animal Husbandry programmes have effective role in development of
this area with special focus on self-employment and economic growth through
livestock rearing. During the end of the 11th five-year plan the following strategy is
proposed to be adopted.
OBJECTIVES
* To increase the livestock production such as milk, egg, meat and wool.
* To enhance the draught capacity of bullocks by intensive implementation of
controlled breeding programme.
* To consolidate and strengthen the existing infrastructure facilated for livestock
development the state.
* To promote the animal husbandry as a viable subsidiary source of income of
rural population by providing improved facilities of cross breeding.
Page 4


Amar Ujala Publications Jharkhand : General Knowledge
AGRICULTURE
The State of Jharkhand was created in November 2000 after caruing 79 Lakh
hectares geographical area from the state of Bihar for better planning and execution
of development activities of ecologically different Zones. Agriculture is the main
stay-for the 80% of rural population of the state. Agriculture is their employment
and primary income generating activity. The agricultural economy of Jharkhand
state is characterized by dependence of Nature, low investment, low productivity,
mono-croping with paddy as the dominant crop, in inadequate irrigation facilities
and small and marginan holding. The dependence of agrricultre on the vagaries of
the rain-god can be gavged from the fact that as much as 92% of the  total cultivated
area is unirrigated.
Importance of Agriculture in Jharkhand State Economy
(1) The state has a cultivated area of about 1.8 ha. comprising 22% of the
geogripcal area.
(2) The net irrigated area is 0.16 mha. Coverage under irrigation in rice is
5.60%. Rice, maize, wheat  and chickpea are the main food Crops.
(3) The Cropping intensity is about 126%. Being largely rainfed, rice is under
cultivation in about 1.4m ha under upland and shallow Lands.
(4) Rice is cultivated in 1.62 8 mha of which 1.078 mha is covered with high
yielding varieties in 2006-2007 which is 66.4%.
Yield of Major Crops in Jharkhand and India
Crop 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Production Kharif 3866 3835 1841 1580 6294 5015
Production Rabi 330 386 370 381 743 1944
Coverage Kharif 2173 2154 1338 1276 2288 1866
Coverage Rabi 333 368 361 359 663 627
CROPS OF JHARKHAND
(1) Paddy : It is the main crop of Jharkhand which is grown as Aghani, Bhadai
and Garma crop. Total productions of paddy  concentreaed Singhbhum followed by
Dumka and Ranchi.
(2) Maize : It occupies 2nd position in production  of crops in the state Majority
of the people grow Bhadai maize, which sowed in about 90 thousand hactare.
(3) Wheat : It is also important crop of Jharkhand. It is produced in Palamu
Hazaribagh, Godda, Deoghar, Giridih, etc, Hence, Godda at Ist position followed by
Palamu and Gumla.
(4) Barley : It is ancient crop. Which is sown in October-November. It grown
in Palamu, Sahebganj, Godda, Hazaribagh.
(5) Sugarcane : It is important crop of Jharkhand. Hazaribagh is the largest
producer of sugarcane  followed by Palamu.
GRAM : Gram is another important crop of the state. It is grown in Palamu,
Garhwa, Godda, Chatra, Gumla. Hazaribagh. etc. There are other districts like of
Bokaro, Dhanbad, East Singbhum, West Singbhum. Koderma and Dumka where
gram is cultivated under less area. Palamu tops in production of gram (Table17.4),
while Godda and Hazaribagh are in second and third position.
OTHER PULSES : Besides gram, other pulses like Mung (kidney bean).
Khesari, Masoor (lentil), Arhar, etc. are grown in the districts of Palamu. Garhwa,
Godda, Pakur, Sahebganj, Ranchi, etc.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Animal husbandry is an integral part of the diverisified agriculture system.
The animal husbandry sector plays a crucial role in the rural economy by provoding
gainful employment particularly to small marginal farmers and agriculture labourers.
It provides gainful employment and source of income to families through employ-
ment of women. In the agrarian economy Jharkhand livestock plays an important
role in contribution to income, employment and women empowerment. At the end
of 9th five year plan, the milk production was 7·74 LMT which increased upto 14·01
LMT at the end of 10th five year plan similarly egg and meat production at the end
of 9th five year plan was 411 million and 386 lakh kg. and increased up to 711 million
and 426·36 lakh kg. respectively after suitable intervention of different animal
husbandry activity. During the 10th plan period by intervention of different animal
husbandry activity. Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and irrigation is included in he
agriculture annual milk production increased from 9·51 lakh mt. ton to 14·01 lakh mt.
ton, egg production from 661 million to 711 million and meet production from 394·63
lakh kg to 426·37 lakh kg. According to the 17th livestock census, 2003, the live-
stock in the state is as under :
Cattle : 7658721
Buffaloes : 1343494
Sheep : 679929
Goat : 5031016
Pig : 1107930
Horses and Poney : 4925
Dog : 485345
Poultry : 14429279
Dumka, Deoghar and Godda districts account for higher population of goats
followed by the districts of South Chotanagpur Division and North Chotanagpur
division. Selective breeding with breetal breed and grading up with Jamunapri
goats had been taken up in the State. There are three goat farms-i) Chatra (Beetal
Breed, ii) Ranchi (Bldck Bengal Breed, iii) Sahebganj (Black Bengal Breed).
Pigs are mostly concentrated in plateau region of Chotanagpur. Three inten-
sive piggery development projects are being implemented at Lohardaga, Simdega
and Chakradharpur. There are two wool collection centers in East Singbhum. In
addition, grading program me of Shahabadi with Corriedale Ram has also been
taken up.
Breedable cattle population is 1·90 million and breedable buffalo is 0·39 million.
There is improvement among cross breed population and it increased by 24·44%
from 2003 to 2008. In Jharkhand, milk productivity of cow is 159 kg per cattle per day
whereas the national average is 3 kg per cattle per day.
INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS
No. of class Veterinary hospital : 424
No. of mobile veterinary hospital : 04
No. of provincial veterinary hospital : 23
No. of cattle breeding forms : 03
No. of state run poultryforms : 02
No. of state run pig farms : 06
No. of state run goal farms : 01
No. of Gokul Gram Vikas Centre : 64
No. of A. I. centres managed by the Department : 405
No. of  Dairy Cattle Development
Centre managed by BAIT : 410.
No. of Milk Chilling Central/dairies : 16
No. of Biological production unit : 01
The Animal Husbandry programmes have effective role in development of
this area with special focus on self-employment and economic growth through
livestock rearing. During the end of the 11th five-year plan the following strategy is
proposed to be adopted.
OBJECTIVES
* To increase the livestock production such as milk, egg, meat and wool.
* To enhance the draught capacity of bullocks by intensive implementation of
controlled breeding programme.
* To consolidate and strengthen the existing infrastructure facilated for livestock
development the state.
* To promote the animal husbandry as a viable subsidiary source of income of
rural population by providing improved facilities of cross breeding.
* To promote proper management and animal health coverage.
* Creation of awareness amongst milk producer animal and poultry keepers.
* Training of state dealing with extension.
* Paranet training to rural unemployed educated youth.
FISHERIES
The vast inland fisheries resources in the state of Jharkhand are in the form of
ponds (perennial and seasonal both) reservoirs, check dam and ahars covering a
total water area of about 155000 hectares (Gov. pond under department is 11765 no.
covering an area of 9613 hectares, ponds under other department 3030 no. covering
area 4843 hectares, private pond 85000 no. covering an area of 40500 hectares,
reservoirs 252 no. covering an area of 115000 hectares, check dams and aheas 1260,
no. covering an area 4570 hectares. The Jharkhand state lags, for behind the national
level of fish production in spite of quite suitable agro-climatic condition. Thus,
against the national average of 2150 kg/hectare/year, the present level of fish pro-
duction in Jharkhand is about 1600/kg/hectare/year. The main reason for this poor
performance is the most of tanks are very old and practically unsuitable for fish
culture due to heavy situation and weed infestation.
Jharkhand has a large number of vast and diverse bodies, developed for
multiple purpeses supplementing and complementing agriculture and allied activi-
ties. The state has 4.55 lakh ha. water spread area in the form of rivers (62%; 1800
km) reservoirs (25%; 252 numbers ranging from 20 ha. to (16000 ha.), tanks (12%;
0.55 lakh ha) and a large number of check dams, canals, etc. These resources have
immense potential for development of fisheries and acquaculture.
FISHERIES INTRDUCTION
Fisheries is an important economic activity of the state for additional
employment and come generation About 65.65% of people in the state consume
fish and shell fish products. Against the estimated annual demand of 1-15 lak tones
of fish, the state is producing about 71,000 metric tones of fish annualy. Rest of the
demand is ment with Fishes from Andhra pradesh and west Bengal fisheries also
generates additional employment opporturities to a large number of perople en-
gaged in harvesting, net and boat making, seed production, trarsportation and
marketing of fish in  whole-sale and retail mearkets.
The fisheries development programme plays or important role is development
of Rural areas of Jharkhand, which has harvest  irslard wates resources. fish serves
to supplement inland the nutntion food requirement of people, its production
generates additional employment opportunities and thus inprovethe income level
in rural areas. It has also been realised that fisheries development could be used as
tool for bringing about socio-economic change amongst the rural farming commu-
nity by providiing fish production as a main/subsidiary source of ocupation.
Page 5


Amar Ujala Publications Jharkhand : General Knowledge
AGRICULTURE
The State of Jharkhand was created in November 2000 after caruing 79 Lakh
hectares geographical area from the state of Bihar for better planning and execution
of development activities of ecologically different Zones. Agriculture is the main
stay-for the 80% of rural population of the state. Agriculture is their employment
and primary income generating activity. The agricultural economy of Jharkhand
state is characterized by dependence of Nature, low investment, low productivity,
mono-croping with paddy as the dominant crop, in inadequate irrigation facilities
and small and marginan holding. The dependence of agrricultre on the vagaries of
the rain-god can be gavged from the fact that as much as 92% of the  total cultivated
area is unirrigated.
Importance of Agriculture in Jharkhand State Economy
(1) The state has a cultivated area of about 1.8 ha. comprising 22% of the
geogripcal area.
(2) The net irrigated area is 0.16 mha. Coverage under irrigation in rice is
5.60%. Rice, maize, wheat  and chickpea are the main food Crops.
(3) The Cropping intensity is about 126%. Being largely rainfed, rice is under
cultivation in about 1.4m ha under upland and shallow Lands.
(4) Rice is cultivated in 1.62 8 mha of which 1.078 mha is covered with high
yielding varieties in 2006-2007 which is 66.4%.
Yield of Major Crops in Jharkhand and India
Crop 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Production Kharif 3866 3835 1841 1580 6294 5015
Production Rabi 330 386 370 381 743 1944
Coverage Kharif 2173 2154 1338 1276 2288 1866
Coverage Rabi 333 368 361 359 663 627
CROPS OF JHARKHAND
(1) Paddy : It is the main crop of Jharkhand which is grown as Aghani, Bhadai
and Garma crop. Total productions of paddy  concentreaed Singhbhum followed by
Dumka and Ranchi.
(2) Maize : It occupies 2nd position in production  of crops in the state Majority
of the people grow Bhadai maize, which sowed in about 90 thousand hactare.
(3) Wheat : It is also important crop of Jharkhand. It is produced in Palamu
Hazaribagh, Godda, Deoghar, Giridih, etc, Hence, Godda at Ist position followed by
Palamu and Gumla.
(4) Barley : It is ancient crop. Which is sown in October-November. It grown
in Palamu, Sahebganj, Godda, Hazaribagh.
(5) Sugarcane : It is important crop of Jharkhand. Hazaribagh is the largest
producer of sugarcane  followed by Palamu.
GRAM : Gram is another important crop of the state. It is grown in Palamu,
Garhwa, Godda, Chatra, Gumla. Hazaribagh. etc. There are other districts like of
Bokaro, Dhanbad, East Singbhum, West Singbhum. Koderma and Dumka where
gram is cultivated under less area. Palamu tops in production of gram (Table17.4),
while Godda and Hazaribagh are in second and third position.
OTHER PULSES : Besides gram, other pulses like Mung (kidney bean).
Khesari, Masoor (lentil), Arhar, etc. are grown in the districts of Palamu. Garhwa,
Godda, Pakur, Sahebganj, Ranchi, etc.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Animal husbandry is an integral part of the diverisified agriculture system.
The animal husbandry sector plays a crucial role in the rural economy by provoding
gainful employment particularly to small marginal farmers and agriculture labourers.
It provides gainful employment and source of income to families through employ-
ment of women. In the agrarian economy Jharkhand livestock plays an important
role in contribution to income, employment and women empowerment. At the end
of 9th five year plan, the milk production was 7·74 LMT which increased upto 14·01
LMT at the end of 10th five year plan similarly egg and meat production at the end
of 9th five year plan was 411 million and 386 lakh kg. and increased up to 711 million
and 426·36 lakh kg. respectively after suitable intervention of different animal
husbandry activity. During the 10th plan period by intervention of different animal
husbandry activity. Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and irrigation is included in he
agriculture annual milk production increased from 9·51 lakh mt. ton to 14·01 lakh mt.
ton, egg production from 661 million to 711 million and meet production from 394·63
lakh kg to 426·37 lakh kg. According to the 17th livestock census, 2003, the live-
stock in the state is as under :
Cattle : 7658721
Buffaloes : 1343494
Sheep : 679929
Goat : 5031016
Pig : 1107930
Horses and Poney : 4925
Dog : 485345
Poultry : 14429279
Dumka, Deoghar and Godda districts account for higher population of goats
followed by the districts of South Chotanagpur Division and North Chotanagpur
division. Selective breeding with breetal breed and grading up with Jamunapri
goats had been taken up in the State. There are three goat farms-i) Chatra (Beetal
Breed, ii) Ranchi (Bldck Bengal Breed, iii) Sahebganj (Black Bengal Breed).
Pigs are mostly concentrated in plateau region of Chotanagpur. Three inten-
sive piggery development projects are being implemented at Lohardaga, Simdega
and Chakradharpur. There are two wool collection centers in East Singbhum. In
addition, grading program me of Shahabadi with Corriedale Ram has also been
taken up.
Breedable cattle population is 1·90 million and breedable buffalo is 0·39 million.
There is improvement among cross breed population and it increased by 24·44%
from 2003 to 2008. In Jharkhand, milk productivity of cow is 159 kg per cattle per day
whereas the national average is 3 kg per cattle per day.
INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS
No. of class Veterinary hospital : 424
No. of mobile veterinary hospital : 04
No. of provincial veterinary hospital : 23
No. of cattle breeding forms : 03
No. of state run poultryforms : 02
No. of state run pig farms : 06
No. of state run goal farms : 01
No. of Gokul Gram Vikas Centre : 64
No. of A. I. centres managed by the Department : 405
No. of  Dairy Cattle Development
Centre managed by BAIT : 410.
No. of Milk Chilling Central/dairies : 16
No. of Biological production unit : 01
The Animal Husbandry programmes have effective role in development of
this area with special focus on self-employment and economic growth through
livestock rearing. During the end of the 11th five-year plan the following strategy is
proposed to be adopted.
OBJECTIVES
* To increase the livestock production such as milk, egg, meat and wool.
* To enhance the draught capacity of bullocks by intensive implementation of
controlled breeding programme.
* To consolidate and strengthen the existing infrastructure facilated for livestock
development the state.
* To promote the animal husbandry as a viable subsidiary source of income of
rural population by providing improved facilities of cross breeding.
* To promote proper management and animal health coverage.
* Creation of awareness amongst milk producer animal and poultry keepers.
* Training of state dealing with extension.
* Paranet training to rural unemployed educated youth.
FISHERIES
The vast inland fisheries resources in the state of Jharkhand are in the form of
ponds (perennial and seasonal both) reservoirs, check dam and ahars covering a
total water area of about 155000 hectares (Gov. pond under department is 11765 no.
covering an area of 9613 hectares, ponds under other department 3030 no. covering
area 4843 hectares, private pond 85000 no. covering an area of 40500 hectares,
reservoirs 252 no. covering an area of 115000 hectares, check dams and aheas 1260,
no. covering an area 4570 hectares. The Jharkhand state lags, for behind the national
level of fish production in spite of quite suitable agro-climatic condition. Thus,
against the national average of 2150 kg/hectare/year, the present level of fish pro-
duction in Jharkhand is about 1600/kg/hectare/year. The main reason for this poor
performance is the most of tanks are very old and practically unsuitable for fish
culture due to heavy situation and weed infestation.
Jharkhand has a large number of vast and diverse bodies, developed for
multiple purpeses supplementing and complementing agriculture and allied activi-
ties. The state has 4.55 lakh ha. water spread area in the form of rivers (62%; 1800
km) reservoirs (25%; 252 numbers ranging from 20 ha. to (16000 ha.), tanks (12%;
0.55 lakh ha) and a large number of check dams, canals, etc. These resources have
immense potential for development of fisheries and acquaculture.
FISHERIES INTRDUCTION
Fisheries is an important economic activity of the state for additional
employment and come generation About 65.65% of people in the state consume
fish and shell fish products. Against the estimated annual demand of 1-15 lak tones
of fish, the state is producing about 71,000 metric tones of fish annualy. Rest of the
demand is ment with Fishes from Andhra pradesh and west Bengal fisheries also
generates additional employment opporturities to a large number of perople en-
gaged in harvesting, net and boat making, seed production, trarsportation and
marketing of fish in  whole-sale and retail mearkets.
The fisheries development programme plays or important role is development
of Rural areas of Jharkhand, which has harvest  irslard wates resources. fish serves
to supplement inland the nutntion food requirement of people, its production
generates additional employment opportunities and thus inprovethe income level
in rural areas. It has also been realised that fisheries development could be used as
tool for bringing about socio-economic change amongst the rural farming commu-
nity by providiing fish production as a main/subsidiary source of ocupation.
FISHERIES
Profile is Jharkand
1. Government Fish farms 80
2. Goverment Hatcheries 12
3. Goverment Tanks 15496
4. Private Tarks 85849
5. Private Hatcheries 19
6. State level training centre 2
7. Private Hatcheries 19
8. Large & Medium Reservoirs 104
9. Checkdams & Ahars 1184
10. Acqua park 1
Fisheries sector has witressed a phynomenal growth of the leat decade. The
presert estimated demand for fish is 1.15 lakh metric tonnes. The state has planned
to reach productivity level of over 2500 kg/ha year.
IRRIGATION OF JHARKHAND
Water Resources Department formety known as irrigation Department is one
of the major establishments of Goverment of Jharkhand. It protects the right of state
in sharing water of Inter state Rivers/Basins.
State of Jharkhand is in great need of development of water Resources as it is
a water starved/deficient state and managing and utilizing the available water
resources is of prime improtance for the state. The state water resources depertment
is primiarly involved in development of all kinds of water resources in the states
Jharkhand has a total agricultural Land of 29.74 Lakh ha. Against the total cultivcated
area, 24.25 Lakh ha. Irrigation potential has to be created. 12.765 Lakh heactare
irrigation potential has to be created through Major and medium irrigation projects
and 11.485 Lakh ha. Irrigation potential has to be created through Minor irrigation
schemes and other sources.
OBJECTIVES OF THE DEPARTMENT ARE :
(1) Increasing irrigation coverage.
(2) Making existing irrigation network more efficient.
(3) Moving towards effective participatory Irrigation managment.
(4) Emphasis on minor and lift irrigation projects as they are more suitable
and economical and have low gestation period
(5) Recharge and replenish the clecreasing Ground water Table.
(6) Providing Industrial water to prospective Industries.
(7) Inter River basin transfer of water.