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NCERT Textbook: Fractions
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Page 1 Recall that when some whole number of things are shared equally among some number of people, fractions tell us how much each share is. Shabnam: Do you remember, if one roti is divided equally between two children, how much roti will each child get? Mukta: Each child will get half a roti. Shabnam: The fraction ‘one half’ is written as 1 2 . We also sometimes read this as ‘one upon two.’ Mukta: If one roti is equally shared among 4 children, how much roti will one child get? Shabnam: Each child’s share is 1 4 roti. Mukta: And which is more 1 2 roti or 1 4 roti? Shabnam: When 2 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 2 roti. When 4 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 4 roti. Since, in the second group more children share the Fractions 7 Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 151 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Page 2 Recall that when some whole number of things are shared equally among some number of people, fractions tell us how much each share is. Shabnam: Do you remember, if one roti is divided equally between two children, how much roti will each child get? Mukta: Each child will get half a roti. Shabnam: The fraction ‘one half’ is written as 1 2 . We also sometimes read this as ‘one upon two.’ Mukta: If one roti is equally shared among 4 children, how much roti will one child get? Shabnam: Each child’s share is 1 4 roti. Mukta: And which is more 1 2 roti or 1 4 roti? Shabnam: When 2 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 2 roti. When 4 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 4 roti. Since, in the second group more children share the Fractions 7 Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 151 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Ganita Prakash | Grade 6 152 same one roti, each child gets a smaller share. So, 1 2 roti is more than 1 4 roti. 7.1 Fractional Units and Equal Shares Beni: Which fraction is greater — 1 5 or 1 9 ? Arvin: 9 is bigger than 5. So I would guess that 1 9 is greater than 1 5 . Am I right? Beni: No! That is a common mistake. Think of these fractions as shares. Arvin: If one roti is shared among 5 children, each one gets a share of 1 5 roti. If one roti is shared among 9 children, each one gets a share of 1 9 roti? Beni: Exactly! Now think again - which share is higher? Arvin: If I share with more people, I will get less. So, 1 9 < 1 5 . Beni: You got it! Oh, so 1 100 is bigger than 1 200 ! When one unit is divided into several equal parts, each part is called a fractional unit. These are all fractional units: 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6 , …, 1 10 , …, 1 50 , …, 1 100 , etc. We also sometimes refer to fractional units as ‘unit fractions.’ Figure it Out Fill in the blanks with fractions. 1. Three guavas together weigh 1 kg. If they are roughly of the same size, each guava will roughly weigh ____ kg. 2. A wholesale merchant packed 1 kg of rice in four packets of equal weight. The weight of each packet is ___ kg. 3. Four friends ordered 3 glasses of sugarcane juice and shared it equally among themselves. Each one drank ____ glass of sugarcane juice. 1 2 > 1 4 Math Talk Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 152 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Page 3 Recall that when some whole number of things are shared equally among some number of people, fractions tell us how much each share is. Shabnam: Do you remember, if one roti is divided equally between two children, how much roti will each child get? Mukta: Each child will get half a roti. Shabnam: The fraction ‘one half’ is written as 1 2 . We also sometimes read this as ‘one upon two.’ Mukta: If one roti is equally shared among 4 children, how much roti will one child get? Shabnam: Each child’s share is 1 4 roti. Mukta: And which is more 1 2 roti or 1 4 roti? Shabnam: When 2 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 2 roti. When 4 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 4 roti. Since, in the second group more children share the Fractions 7 Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 151 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Ganita Prakash | Grade 6 152 same one roti, each child gets a smaller share. So, 1 2 roti is more than 1 4 roti. 7.1 Fractional Units and Equal Shares Beni: Which fraction is greater — 1 5 or 1 9 ? Arvin: 9 is bigger than 5. So I would guess that 1 9 is greater than 1 5 . Am I right? Beni: No! That is a common mistake. Think of these fractions as shares. Arvin: If one roti is shared among 5 children, each one gets a share of 1 5 roti. If one roti is shared among 9 children, each one gets a share of 1 9 roti? Beni: Exactly! Now think again - which share is higher? Arvin: If I share with more people, I will get less. So, 1 9 < 1 5 . Beni: You got it! Oh, so 1 100 is bigger than 1 200 ! When one unit is divided into several equal parts, each part is called a fractional unit. These are all fractional units: 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6 , …, 1 10 , …, 1 50 , …, 1 100 , etc. We also sometimes refer to fractional units as ‘unit fractions.’ Figure it Out Fill in the blanks with fractions. 1. Three guavas together weigh 1 kg. If they are roughly of the same size, each guava will roughly weigh ____ kg. 2. A wholesale merchant packed 1 kg of rice in four packets of equal weight. The weight of each packet is ___ kg. 3. Four friends ordered 3 glasses of sugarcane juice and shared it equally among themselves. Each one drank ____ glass of sugarcane juice. 1 2 > 1 4 Math Talk Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 152 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Fractions 153 4. The big ??sh weighs 1 2 kg. The small one weighs 1 4 kg. Together they weigh ____ kg. Knowledge from the past! Fractions have been used and named in India since ancient times. In the Rig Veda, the fraction 3 4 is referred to as tri-pada. This has the same meaning as the words for 3 4 in many Indian languages today, e.g., ?teen paav ' in colloquial Hindi and ‘mukkaal’ in Tamil. Indeed, words for fractions used today in many Indian languages go back to ancient times. Find out and discuss the words for fractions that are used in the different languages spoken in your home, city, or state. Ask your grandparents, parents, teachers, and classmates what words they use for different fractions, such as for one and a half, three quarters, one and a quarter, half, quarter, and two and a half, and write them here: ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 5. Arrange these fraction words in order of size from the smallest to the biggest in the empty box below: One and a half, three quarters, one and a quarter, half, quarter, two and a half. Write your answer here. Math Talk Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 153 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Page 4 Recall that when some whole number of things are shared equally among some number of people, fractions tell us how much each share is. Shabnam: Do you remember, if one roti is divided equally between two children, how much roti will each child get? Mukta: Each child will get half a roti. Shabnam: The fraction ‘one half’ is written as 1 2 . We also sometimes read this as ‘one upon two.’ Mukta: If one roti is equally shared among 4 children, how much roti will one child get? Shabnam: Each child’s share is 1 4 roti. Mukta: And which is more 1 2 roti or 1 4 roti? Shabnam: When 2 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 2 roti. When 4 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 4 roti. Since, in the second group more children share the Fractions 7 Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 151 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Ganita Prakash | Grade 6 152 same one roti, each child gets a smaller share. So, 1 2 roti is more than 1 4 roti. 7.1 Fractional Units and Equal Shares Beni: Which fraction is greater — 1 5 or 1 9 ? Arvin: 9 is bigger than 5. So I would guess that 1 9 is greater than 1 5 . Am I right? Beni: No! That is a common mistake. Think of these fractions as shares. Arvin: If one roti is shared among 5 children, each one gets a share of 1 5 roti. If one roti is shared among 9 children, each one gets a share of 1 9 roti? Beni: Exactly! Now think again - which share is higher? Arvin: If I share with more people, I will get less. So, 1 9 < 1 5 . Beni: You got it! Oh, so 1 100 is bigger than 1 200 ! When one unit is divided into several equal parts, each part is called a fractional unit. These are all fractional units: 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6 , …, 1 10 , …, 1 50 , …, 1 100 , etc. We also sometimes refer to fractional units as ‘unit fractions.’ Figure it Out Fill in the blanks with fractions. 1. Three guavas together weigh 1 kg. If they are roughly of the same size, each guava will roughly weigh ____ kg. 2. A wholesale merchant packed 1 kg of rice in four packets of equal weight. The weight of each packet is ___ kg. 3. Four friends ordered 3 glasses of sugarcane juice and shared it equally among themselves. Each one drank ____ glass of sugarcane juice. 1 2 > 1 4 Math Talk Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 152 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Fractions 153 4. The big ??sh weighs 1 2 kg. The small one weighs 1 4 kg. Together they weigh ____ kg. Knowledge from the past! Fractions have been used and named in India since ancient times. In the Rig Veda, the fraction 3 4 is referred to as tri-pada. This has the same meaning as the words for 3 4 in many Indian languages today, e.g., ?teen paav ' in colloquial Hindi and ‘mukkaal’ in Tamil. Indeed, words for fractions used today in many Indian languages go back to ancient times. Find out and discuss the words for fractions that are used in the different languages spoken in your home, city, or state. Ask your grandparents, parents, teachers, and classmates what words they use for different fractions, such as for one and a half, three quarters, one and a quarter, half, quarter, and two and a half, and write them here: ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 5. Arrange these fraction words in order of size from the smallest to the biggest in the empty box below: One and a half, three quarters, one and a quarter, half, quarter, two and a half. Write your answer here. Math Talk Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 153 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Ganita Prakash | Grade 6 154 7.2 Fractional Units as Parts of a Whole The picture shows a whole chikki. By dividing the whole chikki into 6 equal parts in different ways, we get 1 6 chikki pieces of different shapes. Are they of the same size? A whole chikki cut into 6 equal pieces. A whole chikki cut into 6 equal pieces in a different way. Math Talk A whole chikki A picture of the chikki broken into 2 pieces is shown below. How much of the original chikki is each piece? We can see that the bigger piece has 3 pieces of 1 4 chikki in it. So, we can measure the bigger piece using the fractional unit 1 4 . We see that the bigger piece is 3 4 chikki. 1 4 1 6 1 6 Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 154 12-12-2024 11:07:23 Reprint 2026-27 Page 5 Recall that when some whole number of things are shared equally among some number of people, fractions tell us how much each share is. Shabnam: Do you remember, if one roti is divided equally between two children, how much roti will each child get? Mukta: Each child will get half a roti. Shabnam: The fraction ‘one half’ is written as 1 2 . We also sometimes read this as ‘one upon two.’ Mukta: If one roti is equally shared among 4 children, how much roti will one child get? Shabnam: Each child’s share is 1 4 roti. Mukta: And which is more 1 2 roti or 1 4 roti? Shabnam: When 2 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 2 roti. When 4 children share 1 roti equally, each child gets 1 4 roti. Since, in the second group more children share the Fractions 7 Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 151 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Ganita Prakash | Grade 6 152 same one roti, each child gets a smaller share. So, 1 2 roti is more than 1 4 roti. 7.1 Fractional Units and Equal Shares Beni: Which fraction is greater — 1 5 or 1 9 ? Arvin: 9 is bigger than 5. So I would guess that 1 9 is greater than 1 5 . Am I right? Beni: No! That is a common mistake. Think of these fractions as shares. Arvin: If one roti is shared among 5 children, each one gets a share of 1 5 roti. If one roti is shared among 9 children, each one gets a share of 1 9 roti? Beni: Exactly! Now think again - which share is higher? Arvin: If I share with more people, I will get less. So, 1 9 < 1 5 . Beni: You got it! Oh, so 1 100 is bigger than 1 200 ! When one unit is divided into several equal parts, each part is called a fractional unit. These are all fractional units: 1 2 , 1 3 , 1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6 , …, 1 10 , …, 1 50 , …, 1 100 , etc. We also sometimes refer to fractional units as ‘unit fractions.’ Figure it Out Fill in the blanks with fractions. 1. Three guavas together weigh 1 kg. If they are roughly of the same size, each guava will roughly weigh ____ kg. 2. A wholesale merchant packed 1 kg of rice in four packets of equal weight. The weight of each packet is ___ kg. 3. Four friends ordered 3 glasses of sugarcane juice and shared it equally among themselves. Each one drank ____ glass of sugarcane juice. 1 2 > 1 4 Math Talk Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 152 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Fractions 153 4. The big ??sh weighs 1 2 kg. The small one weighs 1 4 kg. Together they weigh ____ kg. Knowledge from the past! Fractions have been used and named in India since ancient times. In the Rig Veda, the fraction 3 4 is referred to as tri-pada. This has the same meaning as the words for 3 4 in many Indian languages today, e.g., ?teen paav ' in colloquial Hindi and ‘mukkaal’ in Tamil. Indeed, words for fractions used today in many Indian languages go back to ancient times. Find out and discuss the words for fractions that are used in the different languages spoken in your home, city, or state. Ask your grandparents, parents, teachers, and classmates what words they use for different fractions, such as for one and a half, three quarters, one and a quarter, half, quarter, and two and a half, and write them here: ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 5. Arrange these fraction words in order of size from the smallest to the biggest in the empty box below: One and a half, three quarters, one and a quarter, half, quarter, two and a half. Write your answer here. Math Talk Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 153 13-08-2024 15:39:38 Reprint 2026-27 Ganita Prakash | Grade 6 154 7.2 Fractional Units as Parts of a Whole The picture shows a whole chikki. By dividing the whole chikki into 6 equal parts in different ways, we get 1 6 chikki pieces of different shapes. Are they of the same size? A whole chikki cut into 6 equal pieces. A whole chikki cut into 6 equal pieces in a different way. Math Talk A whole chikki A picture of the chikki broken into 2 pieces is shown below. How much of the original chikki is each piece? We can see that the bigger piece has 3 pieces of 1 4 chikki in it. So, we can measure the bigger piece using the fractional unit 1 4 . We see that the bigger piece is 3 4 chikki. 1 4 1 6 1 6 Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 154 12-12-2024 11:07:23 Reprint 2026-27 Fractions 155 What is the fractional unit of chikki shown below? We get this piece by breaking the chikki into 3 equal pieces. So this is 1 3 chikki. Figure it Out The ??gures below show different fr actional units of a whole chikki . How much of a whole chikki is each piece? a. e. f. g. h. b. c. d. A whole chikki 1 3 Chapter 7_Fractions.indd 155 13-08-2024 15:39:39 Reprint 2026-27Read More
FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Fractions
| 1. How do I add fractions with different denominators in CBSE Class 6 maths? |  |
Ans. To add fractions with different denominators, find the least common multiple (LCM) of the denominators, convert both fractions to equivalent fractions using the LCM, then add the numerators. For example, 1/2 + 1/3 becomes 3/6 + 2/6 = 5/6. This method ensures proper fraction addition when denominators don't match.
| 2. What's the difference between proper fractions, improper fractions, and mixed numbers? | |
Ans. A proper fraction has a numerator smaller than its denominator (like 3/5), while an improper fraction has a numerator equal to or greater than the denominator (like 7/4). A mixed number combines a whole number with a proper fraction (like 1¾). Understanding these classifications helps students work with fractions confidently in NCERT Class 6 mathematics.
| 3. Why do we need to simplify fractions and how do we do it? | |
Ans. Simplifying fractions reduces them to their lowest terms, making calculations easier and answers clearer. Divide both numerator and denominator by their highest common factor (HCF). For instance, 8/12 simplifies to 2/3 because 4 is the HCF. Simplified fractions are essential for accurate fraction comparison and arithmetic operations.
| 4. How do I multiply and divide fractions-am I doing it wrong? | |
Ans. For multiplication, multiply numerators together and denominators together (2/3 × 3/4 = 6/12). For division, multiply by the reciprocal of the second fraction (2/3 ÷ 3/4 becomes 2/3 × 4/3 = 8/9). These operations don't require finding common denominators, unlike addition and subtraction of fractions.
| 5. Can fractions be bigger than 1, and how do I convert improper fractions to mixed numbers? | |
Ans. Yes-improper fractions exceed 1 and represent quantities greater than a whole unit. To convert to mixed numbers, divide the numerator by the denominator; the quotient becomes the whole number, and the remainder becomes the new numerator (7/3 = 2⅓). This conversion helps visualise and compare fractional values effectively.
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Document Description: NCERT Textbook: Fractions for Class 6 2026 is part of Mathematics for Class 6 preparation. The notes and questions for NCERT Textbook: Fractions have been prepared according to the Class 6 exam syllabus. Information about NCERT Textbook: Fractions covers topics like and NCERT Textbook: Fractions Example, for Class 6 2026 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for NCERT Textbook: Fractions.
Introduction of NCERT Textbook: Fractions in English is available as part of our Mathematics for Class 6 for Class 6 & NCERT Textbook: Fractions in Hindi for Mathematics for Class 6 course. Download more important topics related with notes, lectures and mock test series for Class 6 Exam by signing up for free. Class 6: NCERT Textbook: Fractions
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