SSC CGL Previous Year Questions (2023-20): History - 1 | SSC CGL General Awareness Previous Year Papers (Topic-wise) PDF Download

 Page 1


 Pinnacle  History 
 History 
 Ancient History 
 Prehistoric And Indus Valley 
 Q.1.  Select  the  correct  alternative  of  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 drainage  system  of  the  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  In  most  of  the  Harappan 
 cities,  the  houses  had  open  drainage 
 systems outside. 
 Statement  II:  In  the  Harappan  civilisation, 
 water  and  garbage  used  to  drain  out 
 from  the  drains  located  outside  the 
 houses  and  go  into  the  main 
 underground drain. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Only Statement I is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement II is true. 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.1.(c)  Only  Statement  II  is  true. 
 Drainage  System  of  Harappan  cities: 
 There  were  covered  drains  on  both  sides 
 of  the  streets.  Streets  with  drains  were 
 laid  out  ?rst  and  then  houses  built  along 
 them.  If  domestic  wastewater  had  to 
 ?ow  into  the  street  drains,  every  house 
 needed  to  have  at  least  one  wall  along  a 
 street. 
 Q.2.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 cities of Harappan civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  Most  of  the  Harappan  cities 
 were  divided  into  two  parts:  Higher  Town 
 and Lower Town. 
 Statement  II:  The  archaeologists 
 describe  the  lower  part  of  the  towns  as 
 Citadel. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (b) Only Statement II is true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.2.(c)  Only  Statement  I  is  true.  The 
 Harappan  civilization  was  one  of  the 
 oldest  civilizations  in  the  world.  It 
 ?ourished  in  the  Indus  River  Valley  region 
 from  around  2500  -  1500  BC.  Harappan 
 civilization:  Excavated  by  -  Daya  Ram 
 Sahni  in  1921.  Location  -  Situated  on  the 
 bank  of  river  Ravi  in  Punjab  (Pakistan). 
 Important Findings - Granaries, Bullock 
 carts, Co?n burial, Mother goddess. 
 Q.3.  Fire  altars  were  found  in  which  of 
 the following groups of Harappan cities? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Kalibangan and Lothal 
 (b) Banawali and Chanhudaro 
 (c) Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa 
 (d) Mohenjo-Daro and Dholavira 
 Sol.3.(a)  Kalibangan  and  Lothal. 
 Findings  of  different  Indus  valley 
 civilization  sites:  Kalibangan  -  Lower 
 forti?ed  town,  Boustrophedon  style, 
 Wooden  drainage,  Copper  Ox,  Evidence 
 of  earthquake,  Wooden  plough,  Camel’s 
 bone.  Lothal  -  Port  Town,  Evidence  of 
 Rice,  Graveyard,  Ivory  scale,  Copper  dog. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  -  Prepared  Garments, 
 Temple-like  Palace,  Pashupati  seal, 
 Statue  of  a  dancing  girl,  The  Great  Bath, 
 The Great Granary etc. 
 Q.4.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 Great Bath of Harappan civilization. 
 Statement  I:  The  Great  Bath  was  found  in 
 Mohenjo-Daro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  II:  The  Great  Bath  was  lined 
 with  bricks,  coated  with  plaster  and 
 made  water-tight  with  a  layer  of  natural 
 tar. 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true. 
 (d) Only Statement II is true. 
 Sol.4.(b)  Mohenjo  Daro  is  an 
 archaeological  site  in  the  Sindh  province 
 of  Pakistan.  The  meaning  of  Mohenjo 
 Daro  is  The  mound  of  the  dead.  It  was 
 discovered  in  1922  by  RD  Banerjee.  It 
 was  developed  around  3000  BCE  and  it 
 was  the  largest  city  of  the  ancient  Indus 
 Valley Civilization. 
 Q.5.  Mohenjodaro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilization  is  situated  on  the  bank  of 
 which river ? 
 SSC CPO 04/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ghaghara river  (b) Beas river 
 (c) Jhelum river  (d) Indus river 
 Sol.5.(d)  Indus  river.  List  of  Harappan 
 civilisation  and  its  location  on  River: 
 Harappa  (Ravi  river),  Lothal  (Bhogava 
 river),  Kalibangan  (Ghaggar  River),  Amri 
 (Indus  river),  Chanhudaro  (Indus  river), 
 Suktagendor (Dast river). 
 Q.6.  Which of the following statements is 
 true  about  the  Great  Bath  of  the  Indus 
 Valley Civilisation ? 
 SSC MTS 08/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) It was used for grain storage. 
 (b) It was used for farming. 
 (c) It was used as the water tank of the 
 city. 
 (d) It was probably used for religious 
 purpose. 
 Sol.6.(c)  "  Great  bath  "  is  a  public  water 
 tank  located  in  Mohenjo  Daro  (Pakistan). 
 It  was  a  large  rectangular  tank  in  a 
 courtyard  surrounded  by  a  corridor  on  all 
 four  sides.  There  were  two  ?ights  of 
 steps  on  the  north  and  south  leading  into 
 the  tank,  which  was  made  watertight  by 
 setting  bricks  on  edge  and  using  a 
 mortar  of  gypsum.  There  were  rooms  on 
 three  sides,  in  one  of  which  was  a  large 
 well. 
 Q.7.  Which  of  the  following  Indus  Valley 
 sites is now located in Pakistan ? 
 SSC MTS 11/09/2023 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Harappa  (b) Lothal 
 (c) Alamgirpur  (d) Kalibangan 
 Sol.7.(a)  Harappa.  The  Indus  valley 
 civilization  (Bronze  Age)  is  also  called 
 the  Harappan  culture.  Other  Important 
 Sites  :  Harappa  (river  Ravi)  -  Excavated  by 
 Daya  Ram  Sahini  in  1921,  Mohenjodaro 
 (Mound  of  Dead,  river  Indus)  -  Excavated 
 by  R.D  Banerjee  in  1922;  Sutkagendor 
 (Dast  river,  Balochistan);  Chanhudaro 
 (Pakistan,  Indus  river);  Kalibangan 
 (Rajasthan,  Ghaggar  river);  Lothal 
 (Gujarat,  Bhogva  river);  Alamgirpur 
 (Meerut, Hindon river). 
 Q.8.  Iron  age  is  so  named  because 
 during  this  time  iron  mostly  replaced 
 _______  in  implements  and  weapons, 
 beginning  in  the  Middle  East  and 
 South-eastern Europe. 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) wood  (b) brass  (c) bronze  (d) stone 
 Sol.8.(c)  Bronze.  The  Iron  Age  is  the  ?nal 
 period  of  the  three-age  division  of  the 
 prehistory  of  humanity.  It  was  introduced 
 after  the  Stone  Age  (Paleolithic, 
 Mesolithic,  Neolithic)  and  the  Bronze 
 Age. 
 Q.9.  In  1948,  Ernest  Mackay  mentioned 
 that  in  the  Harappan  city  of  Lothal,  the 
 drains  for  the  drainage  system  were 
 made of______________ bricks. 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) red  (b) burnt  (c) mud    (d) sandstone 
 Sol.9.(b) Burnt.  Lothal is located near the 
 Gulf  of  Cambay/  Gulf  of  Khambhat  in 
 Gujarat,  on  the  bank  of  river  Bhogavo, 
 tributary of Sabarmati. 
 www.ssccglpinnacle.com                                                 Download Pinnacle Exam Preparation App 160
Page 2


 Pinnacle  History 
 History 
 Ancient History 
 Prehistoric And Indus Valley 
 Q.1.  Select  the  correct  alternative  of  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 drainage  system  of  the  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  In  most  of  the  Harappan 
 cities,  the  houses  had  open  drainage 
 systems outside. 
 Statement  II:  In  the  Harappan  civilisation, 
 water  and  garbage  used  to  drain  out 
 from  the  drains  located  outside  the 
 houses  and  go  into  the  main 
 underground drain. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Only Statement I is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement II is true. 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.1.(c)  Only  Statement  II  is  true. 
 Drainage  System  of  Harappan  cities: 
 There  were  covered  drains  on  both  sides 
 of  the  streets.  Streets  with  drains  were 
 laid  out  ?rst  and  then  houses  built  along 
 them.  If  domestic  wastewater  had  to 
 ?ow  into  the  street  drains,  every  house 
 needed  to  have  at  least  one  wall  along  a 
 street. 
 Q.2.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 cities of Harappan civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  Most  of  the  Harappan  cities 
 were  divided  into  two  parts:  Higher  Town 
 and Lower Town. 
 Statement  II:  The  archaeologists 
 describe  the  lower  part  of  the  towns  as 
 Citadel. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (b) Only Statement II is true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.2.(c)  Only  Statement  I  is  true.  The 
 Harappan  civilization  was  one  of  the 
 oldest  civilizations  in  the  world.  It 
 ?ourished  in  the  Indus  River  Valley  region 
 from  around  2500  -  1500  BC.  Harappan 
 civilization:  Excavated  by  -  Daya  Ram 
 Sahni  in  1921.  Location  -  Situated  on  the 
 bank  of  river  Ravi  in  Punjab  (Pakistan). 
 Important Findings - Granaries, Bullock 
 carts, Co?n burial, Mother goddess. 
 Q.3.  Fire  altars  were  found  in  which  of 
 the following groups of Harappan cities? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Kalibangan and Lothal 
 (b) Banawali and Chanhudaro 
 (c) Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa 
 (d) Mohenjo-Daro and Dholavira 
 Sol.3.(a)  Kalibangan  and  Lothal. 
 Findings  of  different  Indus  valley 
 civilization  sites:  Kalibangan  -  Lower 
 forti?ed  town,  Boustrophedon  style, 
 Wooden  drainage,  Copper  Ox,  Evidence 
 of  earthquake,  Wooden  plough,  Camel’s 
 bone.  Lothal  -  Port  Town,  Evidence  of 
 Rice,  Graveyard,  Ivory  scale,  Copper  dog. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  -  Prepared  Garments, 
 Temple-like  Palace,  Pashupati  seal, 
 Statue  of  a  dancing  girl,  The  Great  Bath, 
 The Great Granary etc. 
 Q.4.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 Great Bath of Harappan civilization. 
 Statement  I:  The  Great  Bath  was  found  in 
 Mohenjo-Daro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  II:  The  Great  Bath  was  lined 
 with  bricks,  coated  with  plaster  and 
 made  water-tight  with  a  layer  of  natural 
 tar. 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true. 
 (d) Only Statement II is true. 
 Sol.4.(b)  Mohenjo  Daro  is  an 
 archaeological  site  in  the  Sindh  province 
 of  Pakistan.  The  meaning  of  Mohenjo 
 Daro  is  The  mound  of  the  dead.  It  was 
 discovered  in  1922  by  RD  Banerjee.  It 
 was  developed  around  3000  BCE  and  it 
 was  the  largest  city  of  the  ancient  Indus 
 Valley Civilization. 
 Q.5.  Mohenjodaro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilization  is  situated  on  the  bank  of 
 which river ? 
 SSC CPO 04/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ghaghara river  (b) Beas river 
 (c) Jhelum river  (d) Indus river 
 Sol.5.(d)  Indus  river.  List  of  Harappan 
 civilisation  and  its  location  on  River: 
 Harappa  (Ravi  river),  Lothal  (Bhogava 
 river),  Kalibangan  (Ghaggar  River),  Amri 
 (Indus  river),  Chanhudaro  (Indus  river), 
 Suktagendor (Dast river). 
 Q.6.  Which of the following statements is 
 true  about  the  Great  Bath  of  the  Indus 
 Valley Civilisation ? 
 SSC MTS 08/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) It was used for grain storage. 
 (b) It was used for farming. 
 (c) It was used as the water tank of the 
 city. 
 (d) It was probably used for religious 
 purpose. 
 Sol.6.(c)  "  Great  bath  "  is  a  public  water 
 tank  located  in  Mohenjo  Daro  (Pakistan). 
 It  was  a  large  rectangular  tank  in  a 
 courtyard  surrounded  by  a  corridor  on  all 
 four  sides.  There  were  two  ?ights  of 
 steps  on  the  north  and  south  leading  into 
 the  tank,  which  was  made  watertight  by 
 setting  bricks  on  edge  and  using  a 
 mortar  of  gypsum.  There  were  rooms  on 
 three  sides,  in  one  of  which  was  a  large 
 well. 
 Q.7.  Which  of  the  following  Indus  Valley 
 sites is now located in Pakistan ? 
 SSC MTS 11/09/2023 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Harappa  (b) Lothal 
 (c) Alamgirpur  (d) Kalibangan 
 Sol.7.(a)  Harappa.  The  Indus  valley 
 civilization  (Bronze  Age)  is  also  called 
 the  Harappan  culture.  Other  Important 
 Sites  :  Harappa  (river  Ravi)  -  Excavated  by 
 Daya  Ram  Sahini  in  1921,  Mohenjodaro 
 (Mound  of  Dead,  river  Indus)  -  Excavated 
 by  R.D  Banerjee  in  1922;  Sutkagendor 
 (Dast  river,  Balochistan);  Chanhudaro 
 (Pakistan,  Indus  river);  Kalibangan 
 (Rajasthan,  Ghaggar  river);  Lothal 
 (Gujarat,  Bhogva  river);  Alamgirpur 
 (Meerut, Hindon river). 
 Q.8.  Iron  age  is  so  named  because 
 during  this  time  iron  mostly  replaced 
 _______  in  implements  and  weapons, 
 beginning  in  the  Middle  East  and 
 South-eastern Europe. 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) wood  (b) brass  (c) bronze  (d) stone 
 Sol.8.(c)  Bronze.  The  Iron  Age  is  the  ?nal 
 period  of  the  three-age  division  of  the 
 prehistory  of  humanity.  It  was  introduced 
 after  the  Stone  Age  (Paleolithic, 
 Mesolithic,  Neolithic)  and  the  Bronze 
 Age. 
 Q.9.  In  1948,  Ernest  Mackay  mentioned 
 that  in  the  Harappan  city  of  Lothal,  the 
 drains  for  the  drainage  system  were 
 made of______________ bricks. 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) red  (b) burnt  (c) mud    (d) sandstone 
 Sol.9.(b) Burnt.  Lothal is located near the 
 Gulf  of  Cambay/  Gulf  of  Khambhat  in 
 Gujarat,  on  the  bank  of  river  Bhogavo, 
 tributary of Sabarmati. 
 www.ssccglpinnacle.com                                                 Download Pinnacle Exam Preparation App 160
 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.10.  Pottery  was  ?rst  traceable  to  which 
 period of ancient Indian history? 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) Chalcolithic  (b) Palaeolithic 
 (c) Neolithic  (d) Mesolithic 
 Sol.10.(c)  Neolithic.  Pottery  has  been 
 discovered  in  the  early  villages  of 
 Mehrgarh.  The  Palaeolithic  (the  ?rst  and 
 longest  part  of  the  Stone  Age)  was  a 
 period  of  prehistory  when  humans  made 
 stone  tools.  Mesolithic  (microliths)  was 
 the  period  between  the  Paleolithic  and 
 Neolithic periods of the Stone Age. 
 Q.11.  The  prehistoric  period  in  the  early 
 development of human beings is 
 commonly known as the _________. 
 SSC MTS 02/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Old stone age  (b) Mesolithic age 
 (c) Iron age  (d) New stone age 
 Sol.11.(a)  Old  stone  age.  Old  stone  age 
 also  known  as  the  Paleolithic  Period. 
 Tools  -  handaxes,  choppers  and  cleavers. 
 The  earliest  lower  Palaeolithic  site  -  Bori 
 (Maharashtra).  Mesolithic  age  -  Sites  - 
 Gujarat  (Langhnaj),  Rajasthan  (Bhilwara, 
 Bagor),  Uttar  Pradesh  (Damdama, 
 Chopani  Mando),  Madhya  Pradesh 
 (Pachmarhi,  Bhimbetka),  Karnataka 
 (Sanganakallu).  New  stone  age  also 
 known  as  Neolithic  age  .  Tools  -  Weapons 
 made  of  bones  -  needles,  arrowheads, 
 etc.  Sites  -  Burzahom  (Kashmir),  Chirand 
 (Bihar), Mehrgarh (Balochistan). 
 Q.12.  The  ancient  city  of  Dholavira,  is 
 located in which state? 
 SSC MTS 10/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Madhya Pradesh  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Karnataka  (d) Gujarat 
 Sol.12.(d)  Gujarat.  Dholavira  :  It  was 
 discovered  in  1968  by  J.P .  Joshi  in  Rann 
 of  Kachchh  in  Gujarat.  It  is  situated  on 
 the  banks  of  river  Luni.  It  has  a  forti?ed 
 citadel,  and  a  lower  town  with  walls 
 made  of  sandstone  or  limestone.  The 
 ?rst  astronomical  observatory  of  the 
 Harappan  Civilization  is  located  in 
 Dholavira. 
 Q.13.  In  India,  the  practice  of  erecting 
 megaliths began about __________ ago. 
 SSC MTS 15/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) 3000 years  (b) 2000 years 
 (c) 500 years  (d) 1000 years 
 Sol.13.(a)  3000  years.  A  megalith  is  a 
 large  stone  that  has  been  used  to 
 construct  a  pre  -  historic  structure  or 
 monument.  Type  -  Clairn  Circles  type  of 
 Megalith  (grave/memorial)  were  the 
 stone  pieces  set  in  a  circular  shape 
 around  the  grave.  Menhir  (standing 
 stone),  Capstone  (Single  megaliths 
 placed  horizontally  over  burial 
 chambers  )  ,  Dolmen  (A  large  capstone  on 
 two  or  more  support  stones  creating  a 
 chamber).  Megalith  Sites  -  Nilaskal 
 (Karnataka),  Hanamsagar  (Karnataka), 
 Junapani  (Maharashtra),  Hire  Benakal 
 (Karnataka), etc. 
 Q.14.  Which  of  the  following  ancient 
 sites is NOT situated in India? 
 SSC MTS 19/05/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Hunsgi  (b) Hallur 
 (c) Inamgaon  (d) Mehrgarh 
 Sol.14.(d)  Mehrgarh  -  It  is  a  Neolithic 
 Archeological  Site,  located  on  the  Bolan 
 river  (bolan  pass)  in  Balochistan 
 (Pakistan),  Discovered  by  -  French 
 Archaeologist  Jean  Francois  Jarrige 
 (1974).  Findings:  The  earliest  known 
 center  of  agriculture  in  South  Asia;  First 
 evidence  of  Cotton;  Early  Beadmakers; 
 Shell  Trade  and  Shell  Working.  Hunsgi  -  It 
 is  a  Paleolithic  Site,  Located  in  Yadgir 
 (Karnataka).  Hallur  -  It  belongs  to  the 
 earliest  Iron  Age  Site  (Neolithic), 
 Location  -  Bank  of  River  Tungabhadra 
 (Karnataka).  Inamgaon  -  It  is  a  post 
 -Harappan  agrarian  village  and 
 archaeological  site  located  in 
 Maharashtra (situated on Ghod river). 
 Q.15.  Mohenjodaro  belongs  to  which  of 
 the following civilizations. 
 SSC MTS 13/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Maya civilization 
 (b) Indus Valley civilization 
 (c) Mesopotamian civilization 
 (d) Egyptian civilization 
 Sol.15.(b)  Indus  Valley  civilization. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  (Mound  of  the  Dead  Men) 
 -  Excavated  by  R.  D  Banerjee  in  1922. 
 Evidence  -  Great  bath,  Granary,  Unicorn 
 Seals  (Most  numbers  of  it  in  here), 
 Bronze  dancing  girl  statue,  Pashupati 
 Seals,  Steatite  statue  of  beard  man. 
 Important  Sites  in  India  :  Rajasthan 
 (Kalibangan),  Gujarat  (Lothal,  Dholavira, 
 Rangpur,  Surkotada),  Haryana  (Banawali), 
 Punjab  (Ropar).  In  Pakistan  -  Harappa 
 (on  river  Ravi),  Mohenjodaro  (on  the  bank 
 of  the  Indus  River  in  Sindh),  and 
 Chanhudaro (in Sindh). 
 Q.16.  Cotton  was  probably  grown  at 
 Mehrgarh from about ________. 
 SSC MTS 14/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) 7000 years ago   (b) 8000 years ago 
 (c) 6000 years ago   (d) 5000 years ago 
 Sol.16.(a)  7000  years  ago.  It  is  the 
 oldest  agricultural  settlement  in  the 
 Indian subcontinent. 
 Q.17.  Which  of  the  following  Harappan 
 town  was  located  on  Khadir  Beyt  in  the 
 Runn  of  Kutch  and  was  divided  into  three 
 parts? 
 SSC CHSL 14/03/2023 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Sotka - koh  (b) Chanhudaro 
 (c) Surkotada  (d) Dholavira 
 Sol.17.(d)  Dholavira.  Discovered  in  1968 
 by  archaeologist  Jagat  Pati  Joshi.  Fifth 
 largest  metropolis  of  Indus  Valley 
 Civilization,  40th  Indian  site  on  UNESCO’s 
 World  Heritage  list.  Surkotada: 
 Discovered  in  1964-68  by  Jagat  Pati 
 Joshi,  located  in  northeast  Bhuj  in 
 Gujarat.  Chanhudaro:  Discovered  in  1931 
 by  N.  G.  Majumdar,  located  in  Sindh, 
 Pakistan.  Sotka  koh  -  Discovered  by 
 George  F.  Dales,  located  on  the  Makran 
 coast,  near  the  city  of  Pasni,  Balochistan 
 (Pakistan). 
 Q.18.  Bhimbetka,  a  noted  site  of  the 
 Palaeolithic  period,  is  located  in  which 
 state of India? 
 SSC CGL Tier II  02/03/2023 
 (a) Bihar  (b) Uttar Pradesh 
 (c) Rajasthan  (d) Madhya Pradesh 
 Sol.18.(d)  Madhya  Pradesh.  Bhimbetka 
 Rock  Paintings  (UNESCO  World  Heritage 
 Site,  2003)  is  located  in  the  Vindhya 
 ranges  of  Madhya  Pradesh.  It  was 
 discovered  by  V.  S.  Wakankar  in  1957  . 
 The  paintings  at  Bhimbetka  belong  to  the 
 Upper  Paleolithic,  Mesolithic, 
 Chalcolithic,  early  historic,  and  medieval 
 periods.  The  complex  is  surrounded  by 
 the Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary. 
 Q.19.  In  which  of  the  following  Indian 
 states,  Harappan  cities  have  NOT  been 
 found? 
 SSC CGL 01/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Uttarakhand  (b) Gujarat 
 (c) Rajasthan  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.19.(a)  Uttarakhand.  Harappan  sites  - 
 Gujarat  (Lothal,  Dholavira,  Babar  Kot, 
 Bhagatrav,  Desalpur,  Gola  Dhoro,  Kaj, 
 Kanjetar,  Khirasara,  Kotada  Bhadli, 
 Kuntasi,  Loteshwar,  etc),  Rajasthan 
 (Baror,  Kalibangan,  and  Karanpura), 
 Haryana  (Balu,  Rakhigarhi,  Banawali, 
 Bhirrana,  Farmana,  Hisar  mound,  Jogna 
 Khera, Kunal, Mitathal, Tigrana, etc). 
 Q.20.  During  which  of  the  following 
 period Ostriches were found in India? 
 SSC CGL 02/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mesolithic  (b) Chalcolithic 
 (c) Neolithic  (d) Palaeolithic 
 Sol.20.(d)  Palaeolithic  age  .  Large 
 quantities  of  ostrich  egg  shells  found  at 
 Patne, Maharashtra. 
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Page 3


 Pinnacle  History 
 History 
 Ancient History 
 Prehistoric And Indus Valley 
 Q.1.  Select  the  correct  alternative  of  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 drainage  system  of  the  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  In  most  of  the  Harappan 
 cities,  the  houses  had  open  drainage 
 systems outside. 
 Statement  II:  In  the  Harappan  civilisation, 
 water  and  garbage  used  to  drain  out 
 from  the  drains  located  outside  the 
 houses  and  go  into  the  main 
 underground drain. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Only Statement I is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement II is true. 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.1.(c)  Only  Statement  II  is  true. 
 Drainage  System  of  Harappan  cities: 
 There  were  covered  drains  on  both  sides 
 of  the  streets.  Streets  with  drains  were 
 laid  out  ?rst  and  then  houses  built  along 
 them.  If  domestic  wastewater  had  to 
 ?ow  into  the  street  drains,  every  house 
 needed  to  have  at  least  one  wall  along  a 
 street. 
 Q.2.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 cities of Harappan civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  Most  of  the  Harappan  cities 
 were  divided  into  two  parts:  Higher  Town 
 and Lower Town. 
 Statement  II:  The  archaeologists 
 describe  the  lower  part  of  the  towns  as 
 Citadel. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (b) Only Statement II is true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.2.(c)  Only  Statement  I  is  true.  The 
 Harappan  civilization  was  one  of  the 
 oldest  civilizations  in  the  world.  It 
 ?ourished  in  the  Indus  River  Valley  region 
 from  around  2500  -  1500  BC.  Harappan 
 civilization:  Excavated  by  -  Daya  Ram 
 Sahni  in  1921.  Location  -  Situated  on  the 
 bank  of  river  Ravi  in  Punjab  (Pakistan). 
 Important Findings - Granaries, Bullock 
 carts, Co?n burial, Mother goddess. 
 Q.3.  Fire  altars  were  found  in  which  of 
 the following groups of Harappan cities? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Kalibangan and Lothal 
 (b) Banawali and Chanhudaro 
 (c) Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa 
 (d) Mohenjo-Daro and Dholavira 
 Sol.3.(a)  Kalibangan  and  Lothal. 
 Findings  of  different  Indus  valley 
 civilization  sites:  Kalibangan  -  Lower 
 forti?ed  town,  Boustrophedon  style, 
 Wooden  drainage,  Copper  Ox,  Evidence 
 of  earthquake,  Wooden  plough,  Camel’s 
 bone.  Lothal  -  Port  Town,  Evidence  of 
 Rice,  Graveyard,  Ivory  scale,  Copper  dog. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  -  Prepared  Garments, 
 Temple-like  Palace,  Pashupati  seal, 
 Statue  of  a  dancing  girl,  The  Great  Bath, 
 The Great Granary etc. 
 Q.4.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 Great Bath of Harappan civilization. 
 Statement  I:  The  Great  Bath  was  found  in 
 Mohenjo-Daro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  II:  The  Great  Bath  was  lined 
 with  bricks,  coated  with  plaster  and 
 made  water-tight  with  a  layer  of  natural 
 tar. 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true. 
 (d) Only Statement II is true. 
 Sol.4.(b)  Mohenjo  Daro  is  an 
 archaeological  site  in  the  Sindh  province 
 of  Pakistan.  The  meaning  of  Mohenjo 
 Daro  is  The  mound  of  the  dead.  It  was 
 discovered  in  1922  by  RD  Banerjee.  It 
 was  developed  around  3000  BCE  and  it 
 was  the  largest  city  of  the  ancient  Indus 
 Valley Civilization. 
 Q.5.  Mohenjodaro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilization  is  situated  on  the  bank  of 
 which river ? 
 SSC CPO 04/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ghaghara river  (b) Beas river 
 (c) Jhelum river  (d) Indus river 
 Sol.5.(d)  Indus  river.  List  of  Harappan 
 civilisation  and  its  location  on  River: 
 Harappa  (Ravi  river),  Lothal  (Bhogava 
 river),  Kalibangan  (Ghaggar  River),  Amri 
 (Indus  river),  Chanhudaro  (Indus  river), 
 Suktagendor (Dast river). 
 Q.6.  Which of the following statements is 
 true  about  the  Great  Bath  of  the  Indus 
 Valley Civilisation ? 
 SSC MTS 08/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) It was used for grain storage. 
 (b) It was used for farming. 
 (c) It was used as the water tank of the 
 city. 
 (d) It was probably used for religious 
 purpose. 
 Sol.6.(c)  "  Great  bath  "  is  a  public  water 
 tank  located  in  Mohenjo  Daro  (Pakistan). 
 It  was  a  large  rectangular  tank  in  a 
 courtyard  surrounded  by  a  corridor  on  all 
 four  sides.  There  were  two  ?ights  of 
 steps  on  the  north  and  south  leading  into 
 the  tank,  which  was  made  watertight  by 
 setting  bricks  on  edge  and  using  a 
 mortar  of  gypsum.  There  were  rooms  on 
 three  sides,  in  one  of  which  was  a  large 
 well. 
 Q.7.  Which  of  the  following  Indus  Valley 
 sites is now located in Pakistan ? 
 SSC MTS 11/09/2023 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Harappa  (b) Lothal 
 (c) Alamgirpur  (d) Kalibangan 
 Sol.7.(a)  Harappa.  The  Indus  valley 
 civilization  (Bronze  Age)  is  also  called 
 the  Harappan  culture.  Other  Important 
 Sites  :  Harappa  (river  Ravi)  -  Excavated  by 
 Daya  Ram  Sahini  in  1921,  Mohenjodaro 
 (Mound  of  Dead,  river  Indus)  -  Excavated 
 by  R.D  Banerjee  in  1922;  Sutkagendor 
 (Dast  river,  Balochistan);  Chanhudaro 
 (Pakistan,  Indus  river);  Kalibangan 
 (Rajasthan,  Ghaggar  river);  Lothal 
 (Gujarat,  Bhogva  river);  Alamgirpur 
 (Meerut, Hindon river). 
 Q.8.  Iron  age  is  so  named  because 
 during  this  time  iron  mostly  replaced 
 _______  in  implements  and  weapons, 
 beginning  in  the  Middle  East  and 
 South-eastern Europe. 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) wood  (b) brass  (c) bronze  (d) stone 
 Sol.8.(c)  Bronze.  The  Iron  Age  is  the  ?nal 
 period  of  the  three-age  division  of  the 
 prehistory  of  humanity.  It  was  introduced 
 after  the  Stone  Age  (Paleolithic, 
 Mesolithic,  Neolithic)  and  the  Bronze 
 Age. 
 Q.9.  In  1948,  Ernest  Mackay  mentioned 
 that  in  the  Harappan  city  of  Lothal,  the 
 drains  for  the  drainage  system  were 
 made of______________ bricks. 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) red  (b) burnt  (c) mud    (d) sandstone 
 Sol.9.(b) Burnt.  Lothal is located near the 
 Gulf  of  Cambay/  Gulf  of  Khambhat  in 
 Gujarat,  on  the  bank  of  river  Bhogavo, 
 tributary of Sabarmati. 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.10.  Pottery  was  ?rst  traceable  to  which 
 period of ancient Indian history? 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) Chalcolithic  (b) Palaeolithic 
 (c) Neolithic  (d) Mesolithic 
 Sol.10.(c)  Neolithic.  Pottery  has  been 
 discovered  in  the  early  villages  of 
 Mehrgarh.  The  Palaeolithic  (the  ?rst  and 
 longest  part  of  the  Stone  Age)  was  a 
 period  of  prehistory  when  humans  made 
 stone  tools.  Mesolithic  (microliths)  was 
 the  period  between  the  Paleolithic  and 
 Neolithic periods of the Stone Age. 
 Q.11.  The  prehistoric  period  in  the  early 
 development of human beings is 
 commonly known as the _________. 
 SSC MTS 02/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Old stone age  (b) Mesolithic age 
 (c) Iron age  (d) New stone age 
 Sol.11.(a)  Old  stone  age.  Old  stone  age 
 also  known  as  the  Paleolithic  Period. 
 Tools  -  handaxes,  choppers  and  cleavers. 
 The  earliest  lower  Palaeolithic  site  -  Bori 
 (Maharashtra).  Mesolithic  age  -  Sites  - 
 Gujarat  (Langhnaj),  Rajasthan  (Bhilwara, 
 Bagor),  Uttar  Pradesh  (Damdama, 
 Chopani  Mando),  Madhya  Pradesh 
 (Pachmarhi,  Bhimbetka),  Karnataka 
 (Sanganakallu).  New  stone  age  also 
 known  as  Neolithic  age  .  Tools  -  Weapons 
 made  of  bones  -  needles,  arrowheads, 
 etc.  Sites  -  Burzahom  (Kashmir),  Chirand 
 (Bihar), Mehrgarh (Balochistan). 
 Q.12.  The  ancient  city  of  Dholavira,  is 
 located in which state? 
 SSC MTS 10/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Madhya Pradesh  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Karnataka  (d) Gujarat 
 Sol.12.(d)  Gujarat.  Dholavira  :  It  was 
 discovered  in  1968  by  J.P .  Joshi  in  Rann 
 of  Kachchh  in  Gujarat.  It  is  situated  on 
 the  banks  of  river  Luni.  It  has  a  forti?ed 
 citadel,  and  a  lower  town  with  walls 
 made  of  sandstone  or  limestone.  The 
 ?rst  astronomical  observatory  of  the 
 Harappan  Civilization  is  located  in 
 Dholavira. 
 Q.13.  In  India,  the  practice  of  erecting 
 megaliths began about __________ ago. 
 SSC MTS 15/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) 3000 years  (b) 2000 years 
 (c) 500 years  (d) 1000 years 
 Sol.13.(a)  3000  years.  A  megalith  is  a 
 large  stone  that  has  been  used  to 
 construct  a  pre  -  historic  structure  or 
 monument.  Type  -  Clairn  Circles  type  of 
 Megalith  (grave/memorial)  were  the 
 stone  pieces  set  in  a  circular  shape 
 around  the  grave.  Menhir  (standing 
 stone),  Capstone  (Single  megaliths 
 placed  horizontally  over  burial 
 chambers  )  ,  Dolmen  (A  large  capstone  on 
 two  or  more  support  stones  creating  a 
 chamber).  Megalith  Sites  -  Nilaskal 
 (Karnataka),  Hanamsagar  (Karnataka), 
 Junapani  (Maharashtra),  Hire  Benakal 
 (Karnataka), etc. 
 Q.14.  Which  of  the  following  ancient 
 sites is NOT situated in India? 
 SSC MTS 19/05/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Hunsgi  (b) Hallur 
 (c) Inamgaon  (d) Mehrgarh 
 Sol.14.(d)  Mehrgarh  -  It  is  a  Neolithic 
 Archeological  Site,  located  on  the  Bolan 
 river  (bolan  pass)  in  Balochistan 
 (Pakistan),  Discovered  by  -  French 
 Archaeologist  Jean  Francois  Jarrige 
 (1974).  Findings:  The  earliest  known 
 center  of  agriculture  in  South  Asia;  First 
 evidence  of  Cotton;  Early  Beadmakers; 
 Shell  Trade  and  Shell  Working.  Hunsgi  -  It 
 is  a  Paleolithic  Site,  Located  in  Yadgir 
 (Karnataka).  Hallur  -  It  belongs  to  the 
 earliest  Iron  Age  Site  (Neolithic), 
 Location  -  Bank  of  River  Tungabhadra 
 (Karnataka).  Inamgaon  -  It  is  a  post 
 -Harappan  agrarian  village  and 
 archaeological  site  located  in 
 Maharashtra (situated on Ghod river). 
 Q.15.  Mohenjodaro  belongs  to  which  of 
 the following civilizations. 
 SSC MTS 13/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Maya civilization 
 (b) Indus Valley civilization 
 (c) Mesopotamian civilization 
 (d) Egyptian civilization 
 Sol.15.(b)  Indus  Valley  civilization. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  (Mound  of  the  Dead  Men) 
 -  Excavated  by  R.  D  Banerjee  in  1922. 
 Evidence  -  Great  bath,  Granary,  Unicorn 
 Seals  (Most  numbers  of  it  in  here), 
 Bronze  dancing  girl  statue,  Pashupati 
 Seals,  Steatite  statue  of  beard  man. 
 Important  Sites  in  India  :  Rajasthan 
 (Kalibangan),  Gujarat  (Lothal,  Dholavira, 
 Rangpur,  Surkotada),  Haryana  (Banawali), 
 Punjab  (Ropar).  In  Pakistan  -  Harappa 
 (on  river  Ravi),  Mohenjodaro  (on  the  bank 
 of  the  Indus  River  in  Sindh),  and 
 Chanhudaro (in Sindh). 
 Q.16.  Cotton  was  probably  grown  at 
 Mehrgarh from about ________. 
 SSC MTS 14/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) 7000 years ago   (b) 8000 years ago 
 (c) 6000 years ago   (d) 5000 years ago 
 Sol.16.(a)  7000  years  ago.  It  is  the 
 oldest  agricultural  settlement  in  the 
 Indian subcontinent. 
 Q.17.  Which  of  the  following  Harappan 
 town  was  located  on  Khadir  Beyt  in  the 
 Runn  of  Kutch  and  was  divided  into  three 
 parts? 
 SSC CHSL 14/03/2023 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Sotka - koh  (b) Chanhudaro 
 (c) Surkotada  (d) Dholavira 
 Sol.17.(d)  Dholavira.  Discovered  in  1968 
 by  archaeologist  Jagat  Pati  Joshi.  Fifth 
 largest  metropolis  of  Indus  Valley 
 Civilization,  40th  Indian  site  on  UNESCO’s 
 World  Heritage  list.  Surkotada: 
 Discovered  in  1964-68  by  Jagat  Pati 
 Joshi,  located  in  northeast  Bhuj  in 
 Gujarat.  Chanhudaro:  Discovered  in  1931 
 by  N.  G.  Majumdar,  located  in  Sindh, 
 Pakistan.  Sotka  koh  -  Discovered  by 
 George  F.  Dales,  located  on  the  Makran 
 coast,  near  the  city  of  Pasni,  Balochistan 
 (Pakistan). 
 Q.18.  Bhimbetka,  a  noted  site  of  the 
 Palaeolithic  period,  is  located  in  which 
 state of India? 
 SSC CGL Tier II  02/03/2023 
 (a) Bihar  (b) Uttar Pradesh 
 (c) Rajasthan  (d) Madhya Pradesh 
 Sol.18.(d)  Madhya  Pradesh.  Bhimbetka 
 Rock  Paintings  (UNESCO  World  Heritage 
 Site,  2003)  is  located  in  the  Vindhya 
 ranges  of  Madhya  Pradesh.  It  was 
 discovered  by  V.  S.  Wakankar  in  1957  . 
 The  paintings  at  Bhimbetka  belong  to  the 
 Upper  Paleolithic,  Mesolithic, 
 Chalcolithic,  early  historic,  and  medieval 
 periods.  The  complex  is  surrounded  by 
 the Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary. 
 Q.19.  In  which  of  the  following  Indian 
 states,  Harappan  cities  have  NOT  been 
 found? 
 SSC CGL 01/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Uttarakhand  (b) Gujarat 
 (c) Rajasthan  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.19.(a)  Uttarakhand.  Harappan  sites  - 
 Gujarat  (Lothal,  Dholavira,  Babar  Kot, 
 Bhagatrav,  Desalpur,  Gola  Dhoro,  Kaj, 
 Kanjetar,  Khirasara,  Kotada  Bhadli, 
 Kuntasi,  Loteshwar,  etc),  Rajasthan 
 (Baror,  Kalibangan,  and  Karanpura), 
 Haryana  (Balu,  Rakhigarhi,  Banawali, 
 Bhirrana,  Farmana,  Hisar  mound,  Jogna 
 Khera, Kunal, Mitathal, Tigrana, etc). 
 Q.20.  During  which  of  the  following 
 period Ostriches were found in India? 
 SSC CGL 02/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mesolithic  (b) Chalcolithic 
 (c) Neolithic  (d) Palaeolithic 
 Sol.20.(d)  Palaeolithic  age  .  Large 
 quantities  of  ostrich  egg  shells  found  at 
 Patne, Maharashtra. 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.21.  In  which  of  the  following  sites  of 
 jadeite stone was found? 
 SSC CGL 03/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mahagara  (b) Mehrgarh 
 (c) Hallur  (d) Daojali Hading 
 Sol.21.(d)  Daojali  Hading  -  A  neolithic 
 site  in  Dima  Hasao  District  of  Assam. 
 Situated  near  Brahmaputra  valley  close 
 to  routes  leading  into  China  and 
 Myanmar.  Artifacts  found  -  Jadeite  stone 
 (must  have  been  transported  from 
 China).  4  types  of  ceramic  -  cord-marked, 
 incised, stamped, and plain ?ne red ware. 
 Q.22.  In  which  among  the  following 
 periods  Catal  Huyuk  was  one  of  the  most 
 famous sites? 
 SSC CGL 05/12/2022 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Neolithic  (b) Mesolithic 
 (c) Palaeolithic  (d) Chalcolithic 
 Sol.22.(a)  Neolithic.  Catal  Huyuk  site 
 located  near  the  modern  city  of  Konya  in 
 south  central  Turkey.  Features  - 
 substantial  size  and  great  longevity  of 
 the  settlement,  distinctive  layout  of 
 back-to-back  houses  with  roof  access. 
 Neolithic  sites  in  India  -  Marakdola, 
 Daojali Hading and Sarutaru in Assam. 
 Q.23.  According  to  the  archaeologists,  in 
 Harappan  cities  the  part  to  the  west  was 
 smaller  and  higher,  was  known  as 
 ___________. 
 SSC CGL 06/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) citadel  (b) Olympus 
 (c) lower town  (d) colosseum 
 Sol.23.(a)  Citadel.  Chanudaro  was  the 
 only  Harappan  city  without  a  Citadel. 
 Important  Excavations  :  Harappa  (by 
 Daya  Ram  Sahni  in  1921),  Chanhudaro 
 (by  NG  Majumdar  in  1931)  and 
 Surkotada (by JP Joshi in 1964). 
 Q.24.  Which  of  the  following  metals  was 
 used  to  make  weapons  and  tools  in 
 Harappan cities? 
 SSC CGL 06/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Silver  (b) Gold   (c) Copper   (d) Iron 
 Sol.24.(c)  Copper  was  the  ?rst  metal 
 used  in  Indus  Valley  (Bronze  Age 
 civilization)  to  make  tools,  utensils,  and 
 other  objects.  Other  metals  used  were 
 lead, gold, bronze and silver  . 
 Q.25.  The  Harappan  brought  Gold  from 
 present-day _______ in India. 
 SSC CGL 08/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Telangana  (b) Tamil Nadu 
 (c) Karnataka  (d) Kerala 
 Sol.25.(c)  Karnataka.  Gold  ornaments 
 are  found  at  both  Mohenjo-daro  and 
 Harappa.  Harappa  -  Bullock  cart, 
 Granaries,  Co?n  burials  (Only  founded  in 
 Harappa),  Terracotta  ?gurines. 
 Chanhudaro  (only  city  without  a  citadel)  - 
 Bangle factory, Inkpot. 
 Q.26.  Which  of  the  following  types  of 
 house  remains  were  found  in  Mehrgarh 
 site of Harappan civilization? 
 SSC CGL 09/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Triangular or circular 
 (b) Rectangular or circular 
 (c) Square or rectangular 
 (d) Circular or square 
 Sol.26.(c)  Square  or  rectangle.  Major 
 ?ndings  at  Mehrgarh  are  evidence  of 
 animal  bones  and  the  remains  of  houses. 
 Mehrgarh  was  discovered  in  1974  by 
 Jean-Francois  Jarrige.  It  is  the  ?rst  place 
 where  people  started  growing  barley  and 
 wheat,  reared  the  sheep  and  goat  as  it 
 was one of the oldest villages. 
 Q.27.  The  word  India  came  from  the 
 Indus, called ______ in Sanskrit. 
 SSC CGL 12/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Bhanuh (b) Adya (c) Sarvatr (d) Sindhu 
 Sol.27.(d)  Sindhu  (the  local  name  of 
 Indus).  Other  names  of  India:  Bharat, 
 Aryavarta,  Hindustan,  Tenjiku,  and 
 Jambudweep. 
 Q.28.  The  duration  of  the  Mesolithic 
 period  is  from  about  ______  years  ago  to 
 ____ years ago. 
 SSC CGL 12/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) 14000, 10000  (b) 17000, 12000 
 (c) 12000, 10000  (d) 10000, 7000 
 Sol.28.(c)  12000,  10000  .  The  Mesolithic 
 Period  (Middle  Stone  Age)  is  the  earliest 
 Holocene  culture.  Feature  :  Microliths, 
 technological  innovations  (bow  and 
 arrow  for  hunting,  querns,  grinders,  etc.), 
 Excavated sites (Tilwara, Bagor, Tarsang, 
 Morkhana,  Lekhahia,  Birbhanpur,  etc.). 
 Paleolithic  age  (old  stone  age):  Period  - 
 (500,000  –  10,000  BCE),  Neolithic  age 
 (new  stone  age):  Period  -  (7000  -  1000 
 BCE). 
 Q.29.  Which  of  the  following  were  NOT  a 
 part  of  a  citadel  in  Harappan 
 architecture? 
 SSC CPO 10/11/2022 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Storehouses for grains 
 (b) Great Bath for important people 
 (c) Fire altars for religious ceremonies 
 (d) Residential buildings for masses 
 Sol.29.(d)  A  citadel  is  the  core  forti?ed 
 area  of  a  town.  Harappan  Civilization 
 (Indus  Valley  Civilization  or  Bronze  Age 
 civilization),  lasted  from  2600  –1900 
 BCE  was  divided  into  the  citadel  and 
 lower  town.  Rakhigarhi  (Haryana)  is  the 
 largest Harappan site in India. 
 Q.30.  What  was  the  shape  of  the  Great 
 Bath of Mohenjo Daro? 
 SSC MTS 15/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Rectangular  (b) Square 
 (c) Elliptical  (d) Circular 
 Sol.30.(a)  Rectangular.  Findings  of 
 Mohenjo-Daro:  Prepared  Garments, 
 Temple-like  Palace,  Pashupati  seal, 
 Statue  of  a  dancing  girl,  Ivory  weight 
 balance,  The  Great  Bath,  The  Great 
 Granary, and Priest-king statue. 
 Q.31.  Most Harappan seals made of ____. 
 SSC MTS 21/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Bricks (b) Granite (c) Steatite (d) Brass 
 Sol.31.(c)  Steatite  (a  kind  of  soft  stone). 
 Some  seals  were  also  made  of 
 terracotta,  gold,  agate,  chert,  ivory,  and 
 faience.  Two  important  seals  were  the 
 Pashupati seal and the Unicorn seal. 
 Q.32.  A  celt  is  ______  from  the  Neolithic 
 period. 
 SSC CGL 20/04/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) a tomb (b) a house (c) a tool (d) an urn 
 Sol.32.(c)  a  tool  .  The  term  Neolithic 
 Period  refers  to  the  last  stage  of  the 
 Stone  Age.  Three  different  periods: 
 Palaeolithic  (Old  Stone  Age),  Mesolithic 
 (Middle  Stone  Age),  and  Neolithic  (New 
 Stone  Age).  The  Neolithic  period  is 
 signi?cant  for  its  megalithic  architecture, 
 the  spread  of  agricultural  practices,  and 
 the use of polished stone tools. 
 Q.33.  ‘Microliths’  were  ______  used  by 
 early humans. 
 SSC MTS 06/10/2021 (Morning) 
 (a) coins  (b) stone tools 
 (c) clothes  (d) earthen pots 
 Sol.33.(b)  Stone  tools  .  The  microliths 
 were  used  in  spear  points  and 
 arrowheads.  These  tools  were  used  to 
 cut,  pound,  crush,  and  access  new 
 foods—including  meat  from  large 
 animals. 
 Q.34.  Which  of  the  following  is  a 
 Palaeolithic  site  of  archaeological 
 importance in India? 
 SSC MTS 06/10/2021 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Chirand  (b) Burzahom 
 (c) Hunasagi  (d) Mehrgarh 
 Sol.34.(c)  Hunasagi  is  a  palaeolithic  site 
 of  archaeological  importance  in  India. 
 Some  Old  Stone  Age  stone-cutting 
 equipment  has  been  found  and  kept  in 
 the Hunasagi Gram Panchayat o?ce. 
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Page 4


 Pinnacle  History 
 History 
 Ancient History 
 Prehistoric And Indus Valley 
 Q.1.  Select  the  correct  alternative  of  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 drainage  system  of  the  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  In  most  of  the  Harappan 
 cities,  the  houses  had  open  drainage 
 systems outside. 
 Statement  II:  In  the  Harappan  civilisation, 
 water  and  garbage  used  to  drain  out 
 from  the  drains  located  outside  the 
 houses  and  go  into  the  main 
 underground drain. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Only Statement I is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement II is true. 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.1.(c)  Only  Statement  II  is  true. 
 Drainage  System  of  Harappan  cities: 
 There  were  covered  drains  on  both  sides 
 of  the  streets.  Streets  with  drains  were 
 laid  out  ?rst  and  then  houses  built  along 
 them.  If  domestic  wastewater  had  to 
 ?ow  into  the  street  drains,  every  house 
 needed  to  have  at  least  one  wall  along  a 
 street. 
 Q.2.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 cities of Harappan civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  Most  of  the  Harappan  cities 
 were  divided  into  two  parts:  Higher  Town 
 and Lower Town. 
 Statement  II:  The  archaeologists 
 describe  the  lower  part  of  the  towns  as 
 Citadel. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (b) Only Statement II is true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.2.(c)  Only  Statement  I  is  true.  The 
 Harappan  civilization  was  one  of  the 
 oldest  civilizations  in  the  world.  It 
 ?ourished  in  the  Indus  River  Valley  region 
 from  around  2500  -  1500  BC.  Harappan 
 civilization:  Excavated  by  -  Daya  Ram 
 Sahni  in  1921.  Location  -  Situated  on  the 
 bank  of  river  Ravi  in  Punjab  (Pakistan). 
 Important Findings - Granaries, Bullock 
 carts, Co?n burial, Mother goddess. 
 Q.3.  Fire  altars  were  found  in  which  of 
 the following groups of Harappan cities? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Kalibangan and Lothal 
 (b) Banawali and Chanhudaro 
 (c) Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa 
 (d) Mohenjo-Daro and Dholavira 
 Sol.3.(a)  Kalibangan  and  Lothal. 
 Findings  of  different  Indus  valley 
 civilization  sites:  Kalibangan  -  Lower 
 forti?ed  town,  Boustrophedon  style, 
 Wooden  drainage,  Copper  Ox,  Evidence 
 of  earthquake,  Wooden  plough,  Camel’s 
 bone.  Lothal  -  Port  Town,  Evidence  of 
 Rice,  Graveyard,  Ivory  scale,  Copper  dog. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  -  Prepared  Garments, 
 Temple-like  Palace,  Pashupati  seal, 
 Statue  of  a  dancing  girl,  The  Great  Bath, 
 The Great Granary etc. 
 Q.4.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 Great Bath of Harappan civilization. 
 Statement  I:  The  Great  Bath  was  found  in 
 Mohenjo-Daro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  II:  The  Great  Bath  was  lined 
 with  bricks,  coated  with  plaster  and 
 made  water-tight  with  a  layer  of  natural 
 tar. 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true. 
 (d) Only Statement II is true. 
 Sol.4.(b)  Mohenjo  Daro  is  an 
 archaeological  site  in  the  Sindh  province 
 of  Pakistan.  The  meaning  of  Mohenjo 
 Daro  is  The  mound  of  the  dead.  It  was 
 discovered  in  1922  by  RD  Banerjee.  It 
 was  developed  around  3000  BCE  and  it 
 was  the  largest  city  of  the  ancient  Indus 
 Valley Civilization. 
 Q.5.  Mohenjodaro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilization  is  situated  on  the  bank  of 
 which river ? 
 SSC CPO 04/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ghaghara river  (b) Beas river 
 (c) Jhelum river  (d) Indus river 
 Sol.5.(d)  Indus  river.  List  of  Harappan 
 civilisation  and  its  location  on  River: 
 Harappa  (Ravi  river),  Lothal  (Bhogava 
 river),  Kalibangan  (Ghaggar  River),  Amri 
 (Indus  river),  Chanhudaro  (Indus  river), 
 Suktagendor (Dast river). 
 Q.6.  Which of the following statements is 
 true  about  the  Great  Bath  of  the  Indus 
 Valley Civilisation ? 
 SSC MTS 08/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) It was used for grain storage. 
 (b) It was used for farming. 
 (c) It was used as the water tank of the 
 city. 
 (d) It was probably used for religious 
 purpose. 
 Sol.6.(c)  "  Great  bath  "  is  a  public  water 
 tank  located  in  Mohenjo  Daro  (Pakistan). 
 It  was  a  large  rectangular  tank  in  a 
 courtyard  surrounded  by  a  corridor  on  all 
 four  sides.  There  were  two  ?ights  of 
 steps  on  the  north  and  south  leading  into 
 the  tank,  which  was  made  watertight  by 
 setting  bricks  on  edge  and  using  a 
 mortar  of  gypsum.  There  were  rooms  on 
 three  sides,  in  one  of  which  was  a  large 
 well. 
 Q.7.  Which  of  the  following  Indus  Valley 
 sites is now located in Pakistan ? 
 SSC MTS 11/09/2023 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Harappa  (b) Lothal 
 (c) Alamgirpur  (d) Kalibangan 
 Sol.7.(a)  Harappa.  The  Indus  valley 
 civilization  (Bronze  Age)  is  also  called 
 the  Harappan  culture.  Other  Important 
 Sites  :  Harappa  (river  Ravi)  -  Excavated  by 
 Daya  Ram  Sahini  in  1921,  Mohenjodaro 
 (Mound  of  Dead,  river  Indus)  -  Excavated 
 by  R.D  Banerjee  in  1922;  Sutkagendor 
 (Dast  river,  Balochistan);  Chanhudaro 
 (Pakistan,  Indus  river);  Kalibangan 
 (Rajasthan,  Ghaggar  river);  Lothal 
 (Gujarat,  Bhogva  river);  Alamgirpur 
 (Meerut, Hindon river). 
 Q.8.  Iron  age  is  so  named  because 
 during  this  time  iron  mostly  replaced 
 _______  in  implements  and  weapons, 
 beginning  in  the  Middle  East  and 
 South-eastern Europe. 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) wood  (b) brass  (c) bronze  (d) stone 
 Sol.8.(c)  Bronze.  The  Iron  Age  is  the  ?nal 
 period  of  the  three-age  division  of  the 
 prehistory  of  humanity.  It  was  introduced 
 after  the  Stone  Age  (Paleolithic, 
 Mesolithic,  Neolithic)  and  the  Bronze 
 Age. 
 Q.9.  In  1948,  Ernest  Mackay  mentioned 
 that  in  the  Harappan  city  of  Lothal,  the 
 drains  for  the  drainage  system  were 
 made of______________ bricks. 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) red  (b) burnt  (c) mud    (d) sandstone 
 Sol.9.(b) Burnt.  Lothal is located near the 
 Gulf  of  Cambay/  Gulf  of  Khambhat  in 
 Gujarat,  on  the  bank  of  river  Bhogavo, 
 tributary of Sabarmati. 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.10.  Pottery  was  ?rst  traceable  to  which 
 period of ancient Indian history? 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) Chalcolithic  (b) Palaeolithic 
 (c) Neolithic  (d) Mesolithic 
 Sol.10.(c)  Neolithic.  Pottery  has  been 
 discovered  in  the  early  villages  of 
 Mehrgarh.  The  Palaeolithic  (the  ?rst  and 
 longest  part  of  the  Stone  Age)  was  a 
 period  of  prehistory  when  humans  made 
 stone  tools.  Mesolithic  (microliths)  was 
 the  period  between  the  Paleolithic  and 
 Neolithic periods of the Stone Age. 
 Q.11.  The  prehistoric  period  in  the  early 
 development of human beings is 
 commonly known as the _________. 
 SSC MTS 02/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Old stone age  (b) Mesolithic age 
 (c) Iron age  (d) New stone age 
 Sol.11.(a)  Old  stone  age.  Old  stone  age 
 also  known  as  the  Paleolithic  Period. 
 Tools  -  handaxes,  choppers  and  cleavers. 
 The  earliest  lower  Palaeolithic  site  -  Bori 
 (Maharashtra).  Mesolithic  age  -  Sites  - 
 Gujarat  (Langhnaj),  Rajasthan  (Bhilwara, 
 Bagor),  Uttar  Pradesh  (Damdama, 
 Chopani  Mando),  Madhya  Pradesh 
 (Pachmarhi,  Bhimbetka),  Karnataka 
 (Sanganakallu).  New  stone  age  also 
 known  as  Neolithic  age  .  Tools  -  Weapons 
 made  of  bones  -  needles,  arrowheads, 
 etc.  Sites  -  Burzahom  (Kashmir),  Chirand 
 (Bihar), Mehrgarh (Balochistan). 
 Q.12.  The  ancient  city  of  Dholavira,  is 
 located in which state? 
 SSC MTS 10/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Madhya Pradesh  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Karnataka  (d) Gujarat 
 Sol.12.(d)  Gujarat.  Dholavira  :  It  was 
 discovered  in  1968  by  J.P .  Joshi  in  Rann 
 of  Kachchh  in  Gujarat.  It  is  situated  on 
 the  banks  of  river  Luni.  It  has  a  forti?ed 
 citadel,  and  a  lower  town  with  walls 
 made  of  sandstone  or  limestone.  The 
 ?rst  astronomical  observatory  of  the 
 Harappan  Civilization  is  located  in 
 Dholavira. 
 Q.13.  In  India,  the  practice  of  erecting 
 megaliths began about __________ ago. 
 SSC MTS 15/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) 3000 years  (b) 2000 years 
 (c) 500 years  (d) 1000 years 
 Sol.13.(a)  3000  years.  A  megalith  is  a 
 large  stone  that  has  been  used  to 
 construct  a  pre  -  historic  structure  or 
 monument.  Type  -  Clairn  Circles  type  of 
 Megalith  (grave/memorial)  were  the 
 stone  pieces  set  in  a  circular  shape 
 around  the  grave.  Menhir  (standing 
 stone),  Capstone  (Single  megaliths 
 placed  horizontally  over  burial 
 chambers  )  ,  Dolmen  (A  large  capstone  on 
 two  or  more  support  stones  creating  a 
 chamber).  Megalith  Sites  -  Nilaskal 
 (Karnataka),  Hanamsagar  (Karnataka), 
 Junapani  (Maharashtra),  Hire  Benakal 
 (Karnataka), etc. 
 Q.14.  Which  of  the  following  ancient 
 sites is NOT situated in India? 
 SSC MTS 19/05/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Hunsgi  (b) Hallur 
 (c) Inamgaon  (d) Mehrgarh 
 Sol.14.(d)  Mehrgarh  -  It  is  a  Neolithic 
 Archeological  Site,  located  on  the  Bolan 
 river  (bolan  pass)  in  Balochistan 
 (Pakistan),  Discovered  by  -  French 
 Archaeologist  Jean  Francois  Jarrige 
 (1974).  Findings:  The  earliest  known 
 center  of  agriculture  in  South  Asia;  First 
 evidence  of  Cotton;  Early  Beadmakers; 
 Shell  Trade  and  Shell  Working.  Hunsgi  -  It 
 is  a  Paleolithic  Site,  Located  in  Yadgir 
 (Karnataka).  Hallur  -  It  belongs  to  the 
 earliest  Iron  Age  Site  (Neolithic), 
 Location  -  Bank  of  River  Tungabhadra 
 (Karnataka).  Inamgaon  -  It  is  a  post 
 -Harappan  agrarian  village  and 
 archaeological  site  located  in 
 Maharashtra (situated on Ghod river). 
 Q.15.  Mohenjodaro  belongs  to  which  of 
 the following civilizations. 
 SSC MTS 13/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Maya civilization 
 (b) Indus Valley civilization 
 (c) Mesopotamian civilization 
 (d) Egyptian civilization 
 Sol.15.(b)  Indus  Valley  civilization. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  (Mound  of  the  Dead  Men) 
 -  Excavated  by  R.  D  Banerjee  in  1922. 
 Evidence  -  Great  bath,  Granary,  Unicorn 
 Seals  (Most  numbers  of  it  in  here), 
 Bronze  dancing  girl  statue,  Pashupati 
 Seals,  Steatite  statue  of  beard  man. 
 Important  Sites  in  India  :  Rajasthan 
 (Kalibangan),  Gujarat  (Lothal,  Dholavira, 
 Rangpur,  Surkotada),  Haryana  (Banawali), 
 Punjab  (Ropar).  In  Pakistan  -  Harappa 
 (on  river  Ravi),  Mohenjodaro  (on  the  bank 
 of  the  Indus  River  in  Sindh),  and 
 Chanhudaro (in Sindh). 
 Q.16.  Cotton  was  probably  grown  at 
 Mehrgarh from about ________. 
 SSC MTS 14/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) 7000 years ago   (b) 8000 years ago 
 (c) 6000 years ago   (d) 5000 years ago 
 Sol.16.(a)  7000  years  ago.  It  is  the 
 oldest  agricultural  settlement  in  the 
 Indian subcontinent. 
 Q.17.  Which  of  the  following  Harappan 
 town  was  located  on  Khadir  Beyt  in  the 
 Runn  of  Kutch  and  was  divided  into  three 
 parts? 
 SSC CHSL 14/03/2023 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Sotka - koh  (b) Chanhudaro 
 (c) Surkotada  (d) Dholavira 
 Sol.17.(d)  Dholavira.  Discovered  in  1968 
 by  archaeologist  Jagat  Pati  Joshi.  Fifth 
 largest  metropolis  of  Indus  Valley 
 Civilization,  40th  Indian  site  on  UNESCO’s 
 World  Heritage  list.  Surkotada: 
 Discovered  in  1964-68  by  Jagat  Pati 
 Joshi,  located  in  northeast  Bhuj  in 
 Gujarat.  Chanhudaro:  Discovered  in  1931 
 by  N.  G.  Majumdar,  located  in  Sindh, 
 Pakistan.  Sotka  koh  -  Discovered  by 
 George  F.  Dales,  located  on  the  Makran 
 coast,  near  the  city  of  Pasni,  Balochistan 
 (Pakistan). 
 Q.18.  Bhimbetka,  a  noted  site  of  the 
 Palaeolithic  period,  is  located  in  which 
 state of India? 
 SSC CGL Tier II  02/03/2023 
 (a) Bihar  (b) Uttar Pradesh 
 (c) Rajasthan  (d) Madhya Pradesh 
 Sol.18.(d)  Madhya  Pradesh.  Bhimbetka 
 Rock  Paintings  (UNESCO  World  Heritage 
 Site,  2003)  is  located  in  the  Vindhya 
 ranges  of  Madhya  Pradesh.  It  was 
 discovered  by  V.  S.  Wakankar  in  1957  . 
 The  paintings  at  Bhimbetka  belong  to  the 
 Upper  Paleolithic,  Mesolithic, 
 Chalcolithic,  early  historic,  and  medieval 
 periods.  The  complex  is  surrounded  by 
 the Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary. 
 Q.19.  In  which  of  the  following  Indian 
 states,  Harappan  cities  have  NOT  been 
 found? 
 SSC CGL 01/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Uttarakhand  (b) Gujarat 
 (c) Rajasthan  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.19.(a)  Uttarakhand.  Harappan  sites  - 
 Gujarat  (Lothal,  Dholavira,  Babar  Kot, 
 Bhagatrav,  Desalpur,  Gola  Dhoro,  Kaj, 
 Kanjetar,  Khirasara,  Kotada  Bhadli, 
 Kuntasi,  Loteshwar,  etc),  Rajasthan 
 (Baror,  Kalibangan,  and  Karanpura), 
 Haryana  (Balu,  Rakhigarhi,  Banawali, 
 Bhirrana,  Farmana,  Hisar  mound,  Jogna 
 Khera, Kunal, Mitathal, Tigrana, etc). 
 Q.20.  During  which  of  the  following 
 period Ostriches were found in India? 
 SSC CGL 02/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mesolithic  (b) Chalcolithic 
 (c) Neolithic  (d) Palaeolithic 
 Sol.20.(d)  Palaeolithic  age  .  Large 
 quantities  of  ostrich  egg  shells  found  at 
 Patne, Maharashtra. 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.21.  In  which  of  the  following  sites  of 
 jadeite stone was found? 
 SSC CGL 03/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mahagara  (b) Mehrgarh 
 (c) Hallur  (d) Daojali Hading 
 Sol.21.(d)  Daojali  Hading  -  A  neolithic 
 site  in  Dima  Hasao  District  of  Assam. 
 Situated  near  Brahmaputra  valley  close 
 to  routes  leading  into  China  and 
 Myanmar.  Artifacts  found  -  Jadeite  stone 
 (must  have  been  transported  from 
 China).  4  types  of  ceramic  -  cord-marked, 
 incised, stamped, and plain ?ne red ware. 
 Q.22.  In  which  among  the  following 
 periods  Catal  Huyuk  was  one  of  the  most 
 famous sites? 
 SSC CGL 05/12/2022 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Neolithic  (b) Mesolithic 
 (c) Palaeolithic  (d) Chalcolithic 
 Sol.22.(a)  Neolithic.  Catal  Huyuk  site 
 located  near  the  modern  city  of  Konya  in 
 south  central  Turkey.  Features  - 
 substantial  size  and  great  longevity  of 
 the  settlement,  distinctive  layout  of 
 back-to-back  houses  with  roof  access. 
 Neolithic  sites  in  India  -  Marakdola, 
 Daojali Hading and Sarutaru in Assam. 
 Q.23.  According  to  the  archaeologists,  in 
 Harappan  cities  the  part  to  the  west  was 
 smaller  and  higher,  was  known  as 
 ___________. 
 SSC CGL 06/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) citadel  (b) Olympus 
 (c) lower town  (d) colosseum 
 Sol.23.(a)  Citadel.  Chanudaro  was  the 
 only  Harappan  city  without  a  Citadel. 
 Important  Excavations  :  Harappa  (by 
 Daya  Ram  Sahni  in  1921),  Chanhudaro 
 (by  NG  Majumdar  in  1931)  and 
 Surkotada (by JP Joshi in 1964). 
 Q.24.  Which  of  the  following  metals  was 
 used  to  make  weapons  and  tools  in 
 Harappan cities? 
 SSC CGL 06/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Silver  (b) Gold   (c) Copper   (d) Iron 
 Sol.24.(c)  Copper  was  the  ?rst  metal 
 used  in  Indus  Valley  (Bronze  Age 
 civilization)  to  make  tools,  utensils,  and 
 other  objects.  Other  metals  used  were 
 lead, gold, bronze and silver  . 
 Q.25.  The  Harappan  brought  Gold  from 
 present-day _______ in India. 
 SSC CGL 08/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Telangana  (b) Tamil Nadu 
 (c) Karnataka  (d) Kerala 
 Sol.25.(c)  Karnataka.  Gold  ornaments 
 are  found  at  both  Mohenjo-daro  and 
 Harappa.  Harappa  -  Bullock  cart, 
 Granaries,  Co?n  burials  (Only  founded  in 
 Harappa),  Terracotta  ?gurines. 
 Chanhudaro  (only  city  without  a  citadel)  - 
 Bangle factory, Inkpot. 
 Q.26.  Which  of  the  following  types  of 
 house  remains  were  found  in  Mehrgarh 
 site of Harappan civilization? 
 SSC CGL 09/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Triangular or circular 
 (b) Rectangular or circular 
 (c) Square or rectangular 
 (d) Circular or square 
 Sol.26.(c)  Square  or  rectangle.  Major 
 ?ndings  at  Mehrgarh  are  evidence  of 
 animal  bones  and  the  remains  of  houses. 
 Mehrgarh  was  discovered  in  1974  by 
 Jean-Francois  Jarrige.  It  is  the  ?rst  place 
 where  people  started  growing  barley  and 
 wheat,  reared  the  sheep  and  goat  as  it 
 was one of the oldest villages. 
 Q.27.  The  word  India  came  from  the 
 Indus, called ______ in Sanskrit. 
 SSC CGL 12/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Bhanuh (b) Adya (c) Sarvatr (d) Sindhu 
 Sol.27.(d)  Sindhu  (the  local  name  of 
 Indus).  Other  names  of  India:  Bharat, 
 Aryavarta,  Hindustan,  Tenjiku,  and 
 Jambudweep. 
 Q.28.  The  duration  of  the  Mesolithic 
 period  is  from  about  ______  years  ago  to 
 ____ years ago. 
 SSC CGL 12/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) 14000, 10000  (b) 17000, 12000 
 (c) 12000, 10000  (d) 10000, 7000 
 Sol.28.(c)  12000,  10000  .  The  Mesolithic 
 Period  (Middle  Stone  Age)  is  the  earliest 
 Holocene  culture.  Feature  :  Microliths, 
 technological  innovations  (bow  and 
 arrow  for  hunting,  querns,  grinders,  etc.), 
 Excavated sites (Tilwara, Bagor, Tarsang, 
 Morkhana,  Lekhahia,  Birbhanpur,  etc.). 
 Paleolithic  age  (old  stone  age):  Period  - 
 (500,000  –  10,000  BCE),  Neolithic  age 
 (new  stone  age):  Period  -  (7000  -  1000 
 BCE). 
 Q.29.  Which  of  the  following  were  NOT  a 
 part  of  a  citadel  in  Harappan 
 architecture? 
 SSC CPO 10/11/2022 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Storehouses for grains 
 (b) Great Bath for important people 
 (c) Fire altars for religious ceremonies 
 (d) Residential buildings for masses 
 Sol.29.(d)  A  citadel  is  the  core  forti?ed 
 area  of  a  town.  Harappan  Civilization 
 (Indus  Valley  Civilization  or  Bronze  Age 
 civilization),  lasted  from  2600  –1900 
 BCE  was  divided  into  the  citadel  and 
 lower  town.  Rakhigarhi  (Haryana)  is  the 
 largest Harappan site in India. 
 Q.30.  What  was  the  shape  of  the  Great 
 Bath of Mohenjo Daro? 
 SSC MTS 15/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Rectangular  (b) Square 
 (c) Elliptical  (d) Circular 
 Sol.30.(a)  Rectangular.  Findings  of 
 Mohenjo-Daro:  Prepared  Garments, 
 Temple-like  Palace,  Pashupati  seal, 
 Statue  of  a  dancing  girl,  Ivory  weight 
 balance,  The  Great  Bath,  The  Great 
 Granary, and Priest-king statue. 
 Q.31.  Most Harappan seals made of ____. 
 SSC MTS 21/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Bricks (b) Granite (c) Steatite (d) Brass 
 Sol.31.(c)  Steatite  (a  kind  of  soft  stone). 
 Some  seals  were  also  made  of 
 terracotta,  gold,  agate,  chert,  ivory,  and 
 faience.  Two  important  seals  were  the 
 Pashupati seal and the Unicorn seal. 
 Q.32.  A  celt  is  ______  from  the  Neolithic 
 period. 
 SSC CGL 20/04/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) a tomb (b) a house (c) a tool (d) an urn 
 Sol.32.(c)  a  tool  .  The  term  Neolithic 
 Period  refers  to  the  last  stage  of  the 
 Stone  Age.  Three  different  periods: 
 Palaeolithic  (Old  Stone  Age),  Mesolithic 
 (Middle  Stone  Age),  and  Neolithic  (New 
 Stone  Age).  The  Neolithic  period  is 
 signi?cant  for  its  megalithic  architecture, 
 the  spread  of  agricultural  practices,  and 
 the use of polished stone tools. 
 Q.33.  ‘Microliths’  were  ______  used  by 
 early humans. 
 SSC MTS 06/10/2021 (Morning) 
 (a) coins  (b) stone tools 
 (c) clothes  (d) earthen pots 
 Sol.33.(b)  Stone  tools  .  The  microliths 
 were  used  in  spear  points  and 
 arrowheads.  These  tools  were  used  to 
 cut,  pound,  crush,  and  access  new 
 foods—including  meat  from  large 
 animals. 
 Q.34.  Which  of  the  following  is  a 
 Palaeolithic  site  of  archaeological 
 importance in India? 
 SSC MTS 06/10/2021 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Chirand  (b) Burzahom 
 (c) Hunasagi  (d) Mehrgarh 
 Sol.34.(c)  Hunasagi  is  a  palaeolithic  site 
 of  archaeological  importance  in  India. 
 Some  Old  Stone  Age  stone-cutting 
 equipment  has  been  found  and  kept  in 
 the Hunasagi Gram Panchayat o?ce. 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.35.  Which  of  the  following  Harappan 
 sites is located in Afghanistan? 
 SSC MTS 12/10/2021 (Evening) 
 (a) Shortughai  (b) Balakot 
 (c) Nageswar  (d) Kalibangan 
 Sol.35.(a)  Shortughai  .  Shortugai  was  a 
 trading  post  of  Harappan  times  and  it 
 seems  to  be  connected  with  lapis  lazuli 
 mines  located  in  the  surrounding  area.  It 
 also  might  have  connections  with  Tin 
 trade  (found  in  Afghanistan)  and  camel 
 trade, along with other Afghan valuables. 
 Q.36.  Which  of  the  following  sites  of 
 Indus  valley  civilization  is  not  on  the  bank 
 of river Indus? 
 SSC CHSL 20/10/2020 (Morning) 
 (a) Chanhudaro  (b) Mohenjodaro 
 (c) Ropar  (d) Kot-Diji 
 Sol.36.(c)  Ropar  is  situated  on  the  banks 
 of  the  Sutlej  River.  Features  -  It  was 
 identi?ed  by  excavations  such  as  the 
 steatite  seal  and  marks  on  charred  clay. 
 Copper  implements,  as  well  as  terracotta 
 beads and bangles, were discovered. 
 Vedic Age 
 Q.37.  Asikni,  which  was  a  part  of 
 Sapta-Sindhu,  is  the  name  of  which  of 
 the following rivers in present times ? 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Jhelum  (b) Beas 
 (c) Chenab  (d) Ravi 
 Sol.37.(c)  Chenab.  Ancient  names  of 
 Indian  Rivers  -  Vitastata  (Jhelum), 
 Purushni  (Ravi),  Shatudri  (Satluj), 
 Vipasha  (Beas),  Sadanira  (Gandak), 
 Drishdvati (Ghaghara). 
 Q.38.  Which  of  the  following  Vedas 
 depicts  the  life  of  the  early  Vedic  people 
 of  India  and  has  a  collection  of  1028 
 hymns divided into 10 mandalas? 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Samaveda  (b) Atharvaveda 
 (c) Yajurveda  (d) Rigveda 
 Sol.38.(d)  Rigveda.  There  are  1028 
 mantras  in  the  Rigveda  which  include  the 
 unpromising  Valakhilia  hymns.  They  were 
 composed  in  an  archaic  language 
 (evolved  into  classical  Sanskrit).  The  Rig 
 Veda  is  the  earliest  of  the  four  Vedas  and 
 one  of  the  most  important  texts  of  the 
 Hindu  tradition.  It  is  a  large  collection  of 
 hymns  in  praise  of  the  gods,  which  are 
 chanted  in  various  rituals.  Other  Vedas:- 
 Samaveda  (The  earliest  reference  for 
 singing),  Yajurveda  (It  is  also  called  the 
 book  of  prayers),  Atharvaveda  (The  book 
 of magic and charms). 
 Q.39.  Which  of  the  following  Vedas  is 
 found  in  two  recensions,  black  and  white, 
 and  is  full  of  rituals  to  be  performed 
 publicly or individually? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Rigveda  (b) Atharvaveda 
 (c) Yajurveda  (d) Samaveda 
 Sol.39.(c)  Yajurveda:  Notable 
 Upanishads  of  Yajurveda  - 
 Brihadaranyaka,  Isha,  Taittriya,  Katha, 
 and  Maithri.  The  Rigveda  -  It  also 
 includes  the  famous  Gayatri  mantra  and 
 the  Purusha  Sukta.  Atharva  Veda  (‘Book 
 of  magic  spells’)  -  Has  730  hymns 
 (Suktas), and 20 books (Khandas). 
 Q.40.  Which  of  the  following  Gods 
 acquires  a  new  epithet  ‘Lord  of  the 
 Plough’ in the later Vedic period? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Varuna  (b) Brahma 
 (c) Vishnu  (d) Indra 
 Sol.40.(d)  Indra  is  the  Vedic  god  of 
 thunder,  lightning,  rain,  and  war.  Rig  Veda 
 contains  about  250  hymns  in  praise  of 
 Indra,  and  was  also  considered  as  chief 
 god  in  it.  Varuna  is  the  Vedic  god  of  the 
 ocean, cosmic order, and law. 
 Q.41.  The  Vedic  Aryans  lived  in  the  area 
 called  Sapt-Sindhu,  which  means  area 
 drained  by  seven  rivers.  One  of  the  rivers 
 among  the  seven  is  Jhelum.  What  was 
 its ancient name? 
 SSC CGL 14/07/2023 (1st shift) 
 (a) Askini  (b) Parushni 
 (c) Vipash  (d) Vitasta 
 Sol.41.(d)  Vitasta.  Sapta  Sindhu  rivers 
 and  their  ancient/alternate  names  -  Indus 
 (Sindhu,  Singi  Khamban),  Jhelum 
 (Hydaspes),  Chenab  (Asikini, 
 Chandrabhaga),  Ravi  (Parushni,  Airavati), 
 Beas  (Vipasha,  Hyphasis),  Sutlej  (Sutudri, 
 Zarodros)  and  the  Saraswati  river.  Punjab 
 was  known  as  'Sapta  Sindhu'  in  the  Vedic 
 literature. 
 Q.42.  A  wealthy  person  in  the  early  Vedic 
 period was known as___________ 
 SSC CGL 14/07/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) Duhitri (b) Gaveshna (c) Gomat (d) Ravi 
 Sol.42.(c)  Gomat.  Early  Vedic  Period 
 (1500  -  1000  BC),  also  known  as  Rig 
 Vedic  Period.  Later  Vedic  Period  (1000  - 
 600  BC).  Other  Terminologies  during 
 Vedic  Period:  Rajan  (Chief)  was  called 
 Janasya  Gopati  or  Gopa  (Protector  of 
 Cows),  Gavisthis  or  Gavenshana  (Battle 
 for  Cows),  Purohit  (Chief  priest  and 
 Minister),  Senani  (Leader  of  the  Army), 
 Samiti  (General  Assembly  of  people)  and 
 Sabha  (Council  of  elders),  Kula  (Family), 
 Kulapa  (Head  of  the  family),  Visu  (The 
 group  of  villages  commanded  by 
 ‘Vishayapati’), Gana (Assembly). 
 Q.43.  In  which  of  the  following  Vedas 
 was  Dasarajna  war  (the  war  of  ten  kings) 
 mentioned? 
 SSC CGL 21/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) Yajurveda  (b) Samaveda 
 (c) Rigveda  (d) Atharvaveda 
 Sol.43.(c)  Rigveda  (Book  of  Mantras)  - 
 The  oldest  of  all  Vedas  (around  1500 
 BC);  Has  10552  mantras,  1028  hymns 
 and  10  mandalas  (Mandalas  1  and  10 
 are the youngest and the longest books). 
 Q.44.  Which  of  the  following  varnas 
 primarily  used  to  do  cultivation,  animal 
 husbandry  and  trade  during  the  later 
 Vedic period? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Kshatriya  (b) Brahmana 
 (c) Shudra  (d) Vaishya 
 Sol.44.(d)  Vaishya.  Vedic  Age  (1500-600 
 BC):  Vedas  (Rig,  Yajur,  Sama  and 
 Atharva)  were  composed  in  this  period. 
 Four  Varnas  :  Brahmans  (priests  and 
 teachers  of  law),  Kshatriyas  (warriors, 
 kings,  administrators),  Vaishyas 
 (merchant-traders),  Shudras  (artisans 
 and laborers). 
 Q.45.  The  main  (chief)  social  unit  of  the 
 Aryans was______ . 
 SSC CGL 26/07/2023 (1st shift) 
 (a) Rajan (b) Parishad (c) Gana (d) Jana 
 Sol.45.(d)  Jana  (Tribes)  .  Gana  -  Tribal  or 
 clan  based  assemblies,  Parishad  -  A 
 small  body  similar  to  Samitis/sabhas 
 consisting  exclusively  of  Brahmins,  Rajan 
 -  A  kind  of  Chief  or  King.  Other  terms 
 used  by  Aryans  :  Ayas  –  Terms  used  for 
 metals  (copper/bronze),  Kula  –  Family, 
 Kulapas  –  Head  of  a  family,  Gramanis  – 
 Head  of  the  village  (Grama),  Sangrihitri  - 
 Treasurer. 
 Q.46.  Which  of  the  four  Vedas  contains  a 
 collection  of  magic  spells  and  charms  to 
 fend off evil spirits and diseases? 
 SSC CGL 26/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Rig Veda  (b) Sama Veda 
 (c) Yajur Veda  (d) Atharva Veda 
 Sol.46.(d)  Atharva  Veda  (‘Book  of  magic 
 spells’)  -  Has  730  hymns/suktas,  5987 
 mantras,  and  20  books  (Khandas).  Sama 
 Veda  (‘Book  of  Chant’)  -  The  earliest 
 reference  for  singing;  1875  verses.  Yajur 
 Veda  (‘Book  of  Rituals’)  -  Has  two  types, 
 Krishna  (or  black)  and  Shukla  (or  white). 
 These  four  Vedas  are  also  'Samhitas'  (a 
 collection). 
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Page 5


 Pinnacle  History 
 History 
 Ancient History 
 Prehistoric And Indus Valley 
 Q.1.  Select  the  correct  alternative  of  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 drainage  system  of  the  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  In  most  of  the  Harappan 
 cities,  the  houses  had  open  drainage 
 systems outside. 
 Statement  II:  In  the  Harappan  civilisation, 
 water  and  garbage  used  to  drain  out 
 from  the  drains  located  outside  the 
 houses  and  go  into  the  main 
 underground drain. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Only Statement I is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement II is true. 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.1.(c)  Only  Statement  II  is  true. 
 Drainage  System  of  Harappan  cities: 
 There  were  covered  drains  on  both  sides 
 of  the  streets.  Streets  with  drains  were 
 laid  out  ?rst  and  then  houses  built  along 
 them.  If  domestic  wastewater  had  to 
 ?ow  into  the  street  drains,  every  house 
 needed  to  have  at  least  one  wall  along  a 
 street. 
 Q.2.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 cities of Harappan civilisation. 
 Statement  I:  Most  of  the  Harappan  cities 
 were  divided  into  two  parts:  Higher  Town 
 and Lower Town. 
 Statement  II:  The  archaeologists 
 describe  the  lower  part  of  the  towns  as 
 Citadel. 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (b) Only Statement II is true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true 
 (d) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 Sol.2.(c)  Only  Statement  I  is  true.  The 
 Harappan  civilization  was  one  of  the 
 oldest  civilizations  in  the  world.  It 
 ?ourished  in  the  Indus  River  Valley  region 
 from  around  2500  -  1500  BC.  Harappan 
 civilization:  Excavated  by  -  Daya  Ram 
 Sahni  in  1921.  Location  -  Situated  on  the 
 bank  of  river  Ravi  in  Punjab  (Pakistan). 
 Important Findings - Granaries, Bullock 
 carts, Co?n burial, Mother goddess. 
 Q.3.  Fire  altars  were  found  in  which  of 
 the following groups of Harappan cities? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Kalibangan and Lothal 
 (b) Banawali and Chanhudaro 
 (c) Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa 
 (d) Mohenjo-Daro and Dholavira 
 Sol.3.(a)  Kalibangan  and  Lothal. 
 Findings  of  different  Indus  valley 
 civilization  sites:  Kalibangan  -  Lower 
 forti?ed  town,  Boustrophedon  style, 
 Wooden  drainage,  Copper  Ox,  Evidence 
 of  earthquake,  Wooden  plough,  Camel’s 
 bone.  Lothal  -  Port  Town,  Evidence  of 
 Rice,  Graveyard,  Ivory  scale,  Copper  dog. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  -  Prepared  Garments, 
 Temple-like  Palace,  Pashupati  seal, 
 Statue  of  a  dancing  girl,  The  Great  Bath, 
 The Great Granary etc. 
 Q.4.  Select  the  correct  alternative  on  the 
 basis  of  the  given  statements  on  the 
 Great Bath of Harappan civilization. 
 Statement  I:  The  Great  Bath  was  found  in 
 Mohenjo-Daro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilisation. 
 Statement  II:  The  Great  Bath  was  lined 
 with  bricks,  coated  with  plaster  and 
 made  water-tight  with  a  layer  of  natural 
 tar. 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Neither Statement I nor Statement II 
 is true. 
 (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are 
 true. 
 (c) Only Statement I is true. 
 (d) Only Statement II is true. 
 Sol.4.(b)  Mohenjo  Daro  is  an 
 archaeological  site  in  the  Sindh  province 
 of  Pakistan.  The  meaning  of  Mohenjo 
 Daro  is  The  mound  of  the  dead.  It  was 
 discovered  in  1922  by  RD  Banerjee.  It 
 was  developed  around  3000  BCE  and  it 
 was  the  largest  city  of  the  ancient  Indus 
 Valley Civilization. 
 Q.5.  Mohenjodaro  site  of  Harappan 
 civilization  is  situated  on  the  bank  of 
 which river ? 
 SSC CPO 04/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ghaghara river  (b) Beas river 
 (c) Jhelum river  (d) Indus river 
 Sol.5.(d)  Indus  river.  List  of  Harappan 
 civilisation  and  its  location  on  River: 
 Harappa  (Ravi  river),  Lothal  (Bhogava 
 river),  Kalibangan  (Ghaggar  River),  Amri 
 (Indus  river),  Chanhudaro  (Indus  river), 
 Suktagendor (Dast river). 
 Q.6.  Which of the following statements is 
 true  about  the  Great  Bath  of  the  Indus 
 Valley Civilisation ? 
 SSC MTS 08/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) It was used for grain storage. 
 (b) It was used for farming. 
 (c) It was used as the water tank of the 
 city. 
 (d) It was probably used for religious 
 purpose. 
 Sol.6.(c)  "  Great  bath  "  is  a  public  water 
 tank  located  in  Mohenjo  Daro  (Pakistan). 
 It  was  a  large  rectangular  tank  in  a 
 courtyard  surrounded  by  a  corridor  on  all 
 four  sides.  There  were  two  ?ights  of 
 steps  on  the  north  and  south  leading  into 
 the  tank,  which  was  made  watertight  by 
 setting  bricks  on  edge  and  using  a 
 mortar  of  gypsum.  There  were  rooms  on 
 three  sides,  in  one  of  which  was  a  large 
 well. 
 Q.7.  Which  of  the  following  Indus  Valley 
 sites is now located in Pakistan ? 
 SSC MTS 11/09/2023 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Harappa  (b) Lothal 
 (c) Alamgirpur  (d) Kalibangan 
 Sol.7.(a)  Harappa.  The  Indus  valley 
 civilization  (Bronze  Age)  is  also  called 
 the  Harappan  culture.  Other  Important 
 Sites  :  Harappa  (river  Ravi)  -  Excavated  by 
 Daya  Ram  Sahini  in  1921,  Mohenjodaro 
 (Mound  of  Dead,  river  Indus)  -  Excavated 
 by  R.D  Banerjee  in  1922;  Sutkagendor 
 (Dast  river,  Balochistan);  Chanhudaro 
 (Pakistan,  Indus  river);  Kalibangan 
 (Rajasthan,  Ghaggar  river);  Lothal 
 (Gujarat,  Bhogva  river);  Alamgirpur 
 (Meerut, Hindon river). 
 Q.8.  Iron  age  is  so  named  because 
 during  this  time  iron  mostly  replaced 
 _______  in  implements  and  weapons, 
 beginning  in  the  Middle  East  and 
 South-eastern Europe. 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) wood  (b) brass  (c) bronze  (d) stone 
 Sol.8.(c)  Bronze.  The  Iron  Age  is  the  ?nal 
 period  of  the  three-age  division  of  the 
 prehistory  of  humanity.  It  was  introduced 
 after  the  Stone  Age  (Paleolithic, 
 Mesolithic,  Neolithic)  and  the  Bronze 
 Age. 
 Q.9.  In  1948,  Ernest  Mackay  mentioned 
 that  in  the  Harappan  city  of  Lothal,  the 
 drains  for  the  drainage  system  were 
 made of______________ bricks. 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) red  (b) burnt  (c) mud    (d) sandstone 
 Sol.9.(b) Burnt.  Lothal is located near the 
 Gulf  of  Cambay/  Gulf  of  Khambhat  in 
 Gujarat,  on  the  bank  of  river  Bhogavo, 
 tributary of Sabarmati. 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.10.  Pottery  was  ?rst  traceable  to  which 
 period of ancient Indian history? 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) Chalcolithic  (b) Palaeolithic 
 (c) Neolithic  (d) Mesolithic 
 Sol.10.(c)  Neolithic.  Pottery  has  been 
 discovered  in  the  early  villages  of 
 Mehrgarh.  The  Palaeolithic  (the  ?rst  and 
 longest  part  of  the  Stone  Age)  was  a 
 period  of  prehistory  when  humans  made 
 stone  tools.  Mesolithic  (microliths)  was 
 the  period  between  the  Paleolithic  and 
 Neolithic periods of the Stone Age. 
 Q.11.  The  prehistoric  period  in  the  early 
 development of human beings is 
 commonly known as the _________. 
 SSC MTS 02/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Old stone age  (b) Mesolithic age 
 (c) Iron age  (d) New stone age 
 Sol.11.(a)  Old  stone  age.  Old  stone  age 
 also  known  as  the  Paleolithic  Period. 
 Tools  -  handaxes,  choppers  and  cleavers. 
 The  earliest  lower  Palaeolithic  site  -  Bori 
 (Maharashtra).  Mesolithic  age  -  Sites  - 
 Gujarat  (Langhnaj),  Rajasthan  (Bhilwara, 
 Bagor),  Uttar  Pradesh  (Damdama, 
 Chopani  Mando),  Madhya  Pradesh 
 (Pachmarhi,  Bhimbetka),  Karnataka 
 (Sanganakallu).  New  stone  age  also 
 known  as  Neolithic  age  .  Tools  -  Weapons 
 made  of  bones  -  needles,  arrowheads, 
 etc.  Sites  -  Burzahom  (Kashmir),  Chirand 
 (Bihar), Mehrgarh (Balochistan). 
 Q.12.  The  ancient  city  of  Dholavira,  is 
 located in which state? 
 SSC MTS 10/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Madhya Pradesh  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Karnataka  (d) Gujarat 
 Sol.12.(d)  Gujarat.  Dholavira  :  It  was 
 discovered  in  1968  by  J.P .  Joshi  in  Rann 
 of  Kachchh  in  Gujarat.  It  is  situated  on 
 the  banks  of  river  Luni.  It  has  a  forti?ed 
 citadel,  and  a  lower  town  with  walls 
 made  of  sandstone  or  limestone.  The 
 ?rst  astronomical  observatory  of  the 
 Harappan  Civilization  is  located  in 
 Dholavira. 
 Q.13.  In  India,  the  practice  of  erecting 
 megaliths began about __________ ago. 
 SSC MTS 15/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) 3000 years  (b) 2000 years 
 (c) 500 years  (d) 1000 years 
 Sol.13.(a)  3000  years.  A  megalith  is  a 
 large  stone  that  has  been  used  to 
 construct  a  pre  -  historic  structure  or 
 monument.  Type  -  Clairn  Circles  type  of 
 Megalith  (grave/memorial)  were  the 
 stone  pieces  set  in  a  circular  shape 
 around  the  grave.  Menhir  (standing 
 stone),  Capstone  (Single  megaliths 
 placed  horizontally  over  burial 
 chambers  )  ,  Dolmen  (A  large  capstone  on 
 two  or  more  support  stones  creating  a 
 chamber).  Megalith  Sites  -  Nilaskal 
 (Karnataka),  Hanamsagar  (Karnataka), 
 Junapani  (Maharashtra),  Hire  Benakal 
 (Karnataka), etc. 
 Q.14.  Which  of  the  following  ancient 
 sites is NOT situated in India? 
 SSC MTS 19/05/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) Hunsgi  (b) Hallur 
 (c) Inamgaon  (d) Mehrgarh 
 Sol.14.(d)  Mehrgarh  -  It  is  a  Neolithic 
 Archeological  Site,  located  on  the  Bolan 
 river  (bolan  pass)  in  Balochistan 
 (Pakistan),  Discovered  by  -  French 
 Archaeologist  Jean  Francois  Jarrige 
 (1974).  Findings:  The  earliest  known 
 center  of  agriculture  in  South  Asia;  First 
 evidence  of  Cotton;  Early  Beadmakers; 
 Shell  Trade  and  Shell  Working.  Hunsgi  -  It 
 is  a  Paleolithic  Site,  Located  in  Yadgir 
 (Karnataka).  Hallur  -  It  belongs  to  the 
 earliest  Iron  Age  Site  (Neolithic), 
 Location  -  Bank  of  River  Tungabhadra 
 (Karnataka).  Inamgaon  -  It  is  a  post 
 -Harappan  agrarian  village  and 
 archaeological  site  located  in 
 Maharashtra (situated on Ghod river). 
 Q.15.  Mohenjodaro  belongs  to  which  of 
 the following civilizations. 
 SSC MTS 13/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Maya civilization 
 (b) Indus Valley civilization 
 (c) Mesopotamian civilization 
 (d) Egyptian civilization 
 Sol.15.(b)  Indus  Valley  civilization. 
 Mohenjo-Daro  (Mound  of  the  Dead  Men) 
 -  Excavated  by  R.  D  Banerjee  in  1922. 
 Evidence  -  Great  bath,  Granary,  Unicorn 
 Seals  (Most  numbers  of  it  in  here), 
 Bronze  dancing  girl  statue,  Pashupati 
 Seals,  Steatite  statue  of  beard  man. 
 Important  Sites  in  India  :  Rajasthan 
 (Kalibangan),  Gujarat  (Lothal,  Dholavira, 
 Rangpur,  Surkotada),  Haryana  (Banawali), 
 Punjab  (Ropar).  In  Pakistan  -  Harappa 
 (on  river  Ravi),  Mohenjodaro  (on  the  bank 
 of  the  Indus  River  in  Sindh),  and 
 Chanhudaro (in Sindh). 
 Q.16.  Cotton  was  probably  grown  at 
 Mehrgarh from about ________. 
 SSC MTS 14/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) 7000 years ago   (b) 8000 years ago 
 (c) 6000 years ago   (d) 5000 years ago 
 Sol.16.(a)  7000  years  ago.  It  is  the 
 oldest  agricultural  settlement  in  the 
 Indian subcontinent. 
 Q.17.  Which  of  the  following  Harappan 
 town  was  located  on  Khadir  Beyt  in  the 
 Runn  of  Kutch  and  was  divided  into  three 
 parts? 
 SSC CHSL 14/03/2023 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Sotka - koh  (b) Chanhudaro 
 (c) Surkotada  (d) Dholavira 
 Sol.17.(d)  Dholavira.  Discovered  in  1968 
 by  archaeologist  Jagat  Pati  Joshi.  Fifth 
 largest  metropolis  of  Indus  Valley 
 Civilization,  40th  Indian  site  on  UNESCO’s 
 World  Heritage  list.  Surkotada: 
 Discovered  in  1964-68  by  Jagat  Pati 
 Joshi,  located  in  northeast  Bhuj  in 
 Gujarat.  Chanhudaro:  Discovered  in  1931 
 by  N.  G.  Majumdar,  located  in  Sindh, 
 Pakistan.  Sotka  koh  -  Discovered  by 
 George  F.  Dales,  located  on  the  Makran 
 coast,  near  the  city  of  Pasni,  Balochistan 
 (Pakistan). 
 Q.18.  Bhimbetka,  a  noted  site  of  the 
 Palaeolithic  period,  is  located  in  which 
 state of India? 
 SSC CGL Tier II  02/03/2023 
 (a) Bihar  (b) Uttar Pradesh 
 (c) Rajasthan  (d) Madhya Pradesh 
 Sol.18.(d)  Madhya  Pradesh.  Bhimbetka 
 Rock  Paintings  (UNESCO  World  Heritage 
 Site,  2003)  is  located  in  the  Vindhya 
 ranges  of  Madhya  Pradesh.  It  was 
 discovered  by  V.  S.  Wakankar  in  1957  . 
 The  paintings  at  Bhimbetka  belong  to  the 
 Upper  Paleolithic,  Mesolithic, 
 Chalcolithic,  early  historic,  and  medieval 
 periods.  The  complex  is  surrounded  by 
 the Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary. 
 Q.19.  In  which  of  the  following  Indian 
 states,  Harappan  cities  have  NOT  been 
 found? 
 SSC CGL 01/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Uttarakhand  (b) Gujarat 
 (c) Rajasthan  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.19.(a)  Uttarakhand.  Harappan  sites  - 
 Gujarat  (Lothal,  Dholavira,  Babar  Kot, 
 Bhagatrav,  Desalpur,  Gola  Dhoro,  Kaj, 
 Kanjetar,  Khirasara,  Kotada  Bhadli, 
 Kuntasi,  Loteshwar,  etc),  Rajasthan 
 (Baror,  Kalibangan,  and  Karanpura), 
 Haryana  (Balu,  Rakhigarhi,  Banawali, 
 Bhirrana,  Farmana,  Hisar  mound,  Jogna 
 Khera, Kunal, Mitathal, Tigrana, etc). 
 Q.20.  During  which  of  the  following 
 period Ostriches were found in India? 
 SSC CGL 02/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mesolithic  (b) Chalcolithic 
 (c) Neolithic  (d) Palaeolithic 
 Sol.20.(d)  Palaeolithic  age  .  Large 
 quantities  of  ostrich  egg  shells  found  at 
 Patne, Maharashtra. 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.21.  In  which  of  the  following  sites  of 
 jadeite stone was found? 
 SSC CGL 03/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mahagara  (b) Mehrgarh 
 (c) Hallur  (d) Daojali Hading 
 Sol.21.(d)  Daojali  Hading  -  A  neolithic 
 site  in  Dima  Hasao  District  of  Assam. 
 Situated  near  Brahmaputra  valley  close 
 to  routes  leading  into  China  and 
 Myanmar.  Artifacts  found  -  Jadeite  stone 
 (must  have  been  transported  from 
 China).  4  types  of  ceramic  -  cord-marked, 
 incised, stamped, and plain ?ne red ware. 
 Q.22.  In  which  among  the  following 
 periods  Catal  Huyuk  was  one  of  the  most 
 famous sites? 
 SSC CGL 05/12/2022 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Neolithic  (b) Mesolithic 
 (c) Palaeolithic  (d) Chalcolithic 
 Sol.22.(a)  Neolithic.  Catal  Huyuk  site 
 located  near  the  modern  city  of  Konya  in 
 south  central  Turkey.  Features  - 
 substantial  size  and  great  longevity  of 
 the  settlement,  distinctive  layout  of 
 back-to-back  houses  with  roof  access. 
 Neolithic  sites  in  India  -  Marakdola, 
 Daojali Hading and Sarutaru in Assam. 
 Q.23.  According  to  the  archaeologists,  in 
 Harappan  cities  the  part  to  the  west  was 
 smaller  and  higher,  was  known  as 
 ___________. 
 SSC CGL 06/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) citadel  (b) Olympus 
 (c) lower town  (d) colosseum 
 Sol.23.(a)  Citadel.  Chanudaro  was  the 
 only  Harappan  city  without  a  Citadel. 
 Important  Excavations  :  Harappa  (by 
 Daya  Ram  Sahni  in  1921),  Chanhudaro 
 (by  NG  Majumdar  in  1931)  and 
 Surkotada (by JP Joshi in 1964). 
 Q.24.  Which  of  the  following  metals  was 
 used  to  make  weapons  and  tools  in 
 Harappan cities? 
 SSC CGL 06/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Silver  (b) Gold   (c) Copper   (d) Iron 
 Sol.24.(c)  Copper  was  the  ?rst  metal 
 used  in  Indus  Valley  (Bronze  Age 
 civilization)  to  make  tools,  utensils,  and 
 other  objects.  Other  metals  used  were 
 lead, gold, bronze and silver  . 
 Q.25.  The  Harappan  brought  Gold  from 
 present-day _______ in India. 
 SSC CGL 08/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) Telangana  (b) Tamil Nadu 
 (c) Karnataka  (d) Kerala 
 Sol.25.(c)  Karnataka.  Gold  ornaments 
 are  found  at  both  Mohenjo-daro  and 
 Harappa.  Harappa  -  Bullock  cart, 
 Granaries,  Co?n  burials  (Only  founded  in 
 Harappa),  Terracotta  ?gurines. 
 Chanhudaro  (only  city  without  a  citadel)  - 
 Bangle factory, Inkpot. 
 Q.26.  Which  of  the  following  types  of 
 house  remains  were  found  in  Mehrgarh 
 site of Harappan civilization? 
 SSC CGL 09/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Triangular or circular 
 (b) Rectangular or circular 
 (c) Square or rectangular 
 (d) Circular or square 
 Sol.26.(c)  Square  or  rectangle.  Major 
 ?ndings  at  Mehrgarh  are  evidence  of 
 animal  bones  and  the  remains  of  houses. 
 Mehrgarh  was  discovered  in  1974  by 
 Jean-Francois  Jarrige.  It  is  the  ?rst  place 
 where  people  started  growing  barley  and 
 wheat,  reared  the  sheep  and  goat  as  it 
 was one of the oldest villages. 
 Q.27.  The  word  India  came  from  the 
 Indus, called ______ in Sanskrit. 
 SSC CGL 12/12/2022 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Bhanuh (b) Adya (c) Sarvatr (d) Sindhu 
 Sol.27.(d)  Sindhu  (the  local  name  of 
 Indus).  Other  names  of  India:  Bharat, 
 Aryavarta,  Hindustan,  Tenjiku,  and 
 Jambudweep. 
 Q.28.  The  duration  of  the  Mesolithic 
 period  is  from  about  ______  years  ago  to 
 ____ years ago. 
 SSC CGL 12/12/2022 (4th Shift) 
 (a) 14000, 10000  (b) 17000, 12000 
 (c) 12000, 10000  (d) 10000, 7000 
 Sol.28.(c)  12000,  10000  .  The  Mesolithic 
 Period  (Middle  Stone  Age)  is  the  earliest 
 Holocene  culture.  Feature  :  Microliths, 
 technological  innovations  (bow  and 
 arrow  for  hunting,  querns,  grinders,  etc.), 
 Excavated sites (Tilwara, Bagor, Tarsang, 
 Morkhana,  Lekhahia,  Birbhanpur,  etc.). 
 Paleolithic  age  (old  stone  age):  Period  - 
 (500,000  –  10,000  BCE),  Neolithic  age 
 (new  stone  age):  Period  -  (7000  -  1000 
 BCE). 
 Q.29.  Which  of  the  following  were  NOT  a 
 part  of  a  citadel  in  Harappan 
 architecture? 
 SSC CPO 10/11/2022 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Storehouses for grains 
 (b) Great Bath for important people 
 (c) Fire altars for religious ceremonies 
 (d) Residential buildings for masses 
 Sol.29.(d)  A  citadel  is  the  core  forti?ed 
 area  of  a  town.  Harappan  Civilization 
 (Indus  Valley  Civilization  or  Bronze  Age 
 civilization),  lasted  from  2600  –1900 
 BCE  was  divided  into  the  citadel  and 
 lower  town.  Rakhigarhi  (Haryana)  is  the 
 largest Harappan site in India. 
 Q.30.  What  was  the  shape  of  the  Great 
 Bath of Mohenjo Daro? 
 SSC MTS 15/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Rectangular  (b) Square 
 (c) Elliptical  (d) Circular 
 Sol.30.(a)  Rectangular.  Findings  of 
 Mohenjo-Daro:  Prepared  Garments, 
 Temple-like  Palace,  Pashupati  seal, 
 Statue  of  a  dancing  girl,  Ivory  weight 
 balance,  The  Great  Bath,  The  Great 
 Granary, and Priest-king statue. 
 Q.31.  Most Harappan seals made of ____. 
 SSC MTS 21/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Bricks (b) Granite (c) Steatite (d) Brass 
 Sol.31.(c)  Steatite  (a  kind  of  soft  stone). 
 Some  seals  were  also  made  of 
 terracotta,  gold,  agate,  chert,  ivory,  and 
 faience.  Two  important  seals  were  the 
 Pashupati seal and the Unicorn seal. 
 Q.32.  A  celt  is  ______  from  the  Neolithic 
 period. 
 SSC CGL 20/04/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) a tomb (b) a house (c) a tool (d) an urn 
 Sol.32.(c)  a  tool  .  The  term  Neolithic 
 Period  refers  to  the  last  stage  of  the 
 Stone  Age.  Three  different  periods: 
 Palaeolithic  (Old  Stone  Age),  Mesolithic 
 (Middle  Stone  Age),  and  Neolithic  (New 
 Stone  Age).  The  Neolithic  period  is 
 signi?cant  for  its  megalithic  architecture, 
 the  spread  of  agricultural  practices,  and 
 the use of polished stone tools. 
 Q.33.  ‘Microliths’  were  ______  used  by 
 early humans. 
 SSC MTS 06/10/2021 (Morning) 
 (a) coins  (b) stone tools 
 (c) clothes  (d) earthen pots 
 Sol.33.(b)  Stone  tools  .  The  microliths 
 were  used  in  spear  points  and 
 arrowheads.  These  tools  were  used  to 
 cut,  pound,  crush,  and  access  new 
 foods—including  meat  from  large 
 animals. 
 Q.34.  Which  of  the  following  is  a 
 Palaeolithic  site  of  archaeological 
 importance in India? 
 SSC MTS 06/10/2021 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Chirand  (b) Burzahom 
 (c) Hunasagi  (d) Mehrgarh 
 Sol.34.(c)  Hunasagi  is  a  palaeolithic  site 
 of  archaeological  importance  in  India. 
 Some  Old  Stone  Age  stone-cutting 
 equipment  has  been  found  and  kept  in 
 the Hunasagi Gram Panchayat o?ce. 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.35.  Which  of  the  following  Harappan 
 sites is located in Afghanistan? 
 SSC MTS 12/10/2021 (Evening) 
 (a) Shortughai  (b) Balakot 
 (c) Nageswar  (d) Kalibangan 
 Sol.35.(a)  Shortughai  .  Shortugai  was  a 
 trading  post  of  Harappan  times  and  it 
 seems  to  be  connected  with  lapis  lazuli 
 mines  located  in  the  surrounding  area.  It 
 also  might  have  connections  with  Tin 
 trade  (found  in  Afghanistan)  and  camel 
 trade, along with other Afghan valuables. 
 Q.36.  Which  of  the  following  sites  of 
 Indus  valley  civilization  is  not  on  the  bank 
 of river Indus? 
 SSC CHSL 20/10/2020 (Morning) 
 (a) Chanhudaro  (b) Mohenjodaro 
 (c) Ropar  (d) Kot-Diji 
 Sol.36.(c)  Ropar  is  situated  on  the  banks 
 of  the  Sutlej  River.  Features  -  It  was 
 identi?ed  by  excavations  such  as  the 
 steatite  seal  and  marks  on  charred  clay. 
 Copper  implements,  as  well  as  terracotta 
 beads and bangles, were discovered. 
 Vedic Age 
 Q.37.  Asikni,  which  was  a  part  of 
 Sapta-Sindhu,  is  the  name  of  which  of 
 the following rivers in present times ? 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Jhelum  (b) Beas 
 (c) Chenab  (d) Ravi 
 Sol.37.(c)  Chenab.  Ancient  names  of 
 Indian  Rivers  -  Vitastata  (Jhelum), 
 Purushni  (Ravi),  Shatudri  (Satluj), 
 Vipasha  (Beas),  Sadanira  (Gandak), 
 Drishdvati (Ghaghara). 
 Q.38.  Which  of  the  following  Vedas 
 depicts  the  life  of  the  early  Vedic  people 
 of  India  and  has  a  collection  of  1028 
 hymns divided into 10 mandalas? 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Samaveda  (b) Atharvaveda 
 (c) Yajurveda  (d) Rigveda 
 Sol.38.(d)  Rigveda.  There  are  1028 
 mantras  in  the  Rigveda  which  include  the 
 unpromising  Valakhilia  hymns.  They  were 
 composed  in  an  archaic  language 
 (evolved  into  classical  Sanskrit).  The  Rig 
 Veda  is  the  earliest  of  the  four  Vedas  and 
 one  of  the  most  important  texts  of  the 
 Hindu  tradition.  It  is  a  large  collection  of 
 hymns  in  praise  of  the  gods,  which  are 
 chanted  in  various  rituals.  Other  Vedas:- 
 Samaveda  (The  earliest  reference  for 
 singing),  Yajurveda  (It  is  also  called  the 
 book  of  prayers),  Atharvaveda  (The  book 
 of magic and charms). 
 Q.39.  Which  of  the  following  Vedas  is 
 found  in  two  recensions,  black  and  white, 
 and  is  full  of  rituals  to  be  performed 
 publicly or individually? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Rigveda  (b) Atharvaveda 
 (c) Yajurveda  (d) Samaveda 
 Sol.39.(c)  Yajurveda:  Notable 
 Upanishads  of  Yajurveda  - 
 Brihadaranyaka,  Isha,  Taittriya,  Katha, 
 and  Maithri.  The  Rigveda  -  It  also 
 includes  the  famous  Gayatri  mantra  and 
 the  Purusha  Sukta.  Atharva  Veda  (‘Book 
 of  magic  spells’)  -  Has  730  hymns 
 (Suktas), and 20 books (Khandas). 
 Q.40.  Which  of  the  following  Gods 
 acquires  a  new  epithet  ‘Lord  of  the 
 Plough’ in the later Vedic period? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Varuna  (b) Brahma 
 (c) Vishnu  (d) Indra 
 Sol.40.(d)  Indra  is  the  Vedic  god  of 
 thunder,  lightning,  rain,  and  war.  Rig  Veda 
 contains  about  250  hymns  in  praise  of 
 Indra,  and  was  also  considered  as  chief 
 god  in  it.  Varuna  is  the  Vedic  god  of  the 
 ocean, cosmic order, and law. 
 Q.41.  The  Vedic  Aryans  lived  in  the  area 
 called  Sapt-Sindhu,  which  means  area 
 drained  by  seven  rivers.  One  of  the  rivers 
 among  the  seven  is  Jhelum.  What  was 
 its ancient name? 
 SSC CGL 14/07/2023 (1st shift) 
 (a) Askini  (b) Parushni 
 (c) Vipash  (d) Vitasta 
 Sol.41.(d)  Vitasta.  Sapta  Sindhu  rivers 
 and  their  ancient/alternate  names  -  Indus 
 (Sindhu,  Singi  Khamban),  Jhelum 
 (Hydaspes),  Chenab  (Asikini, 
 Chandrabhaga),  Ravi  (Parushni,  Airavati), 
 Beas  (Vipasha,  Hyphasis),  Sutlej  (Sutudri, 
 Zarodros)  and  the  Saraswati  river.  Punjab 
 was  known  as  'Sapta  Sindhu'  in  the  Vedic 
 literature. 
 Q.42.  A  wealthy  person  in  the  early  Vedic 
 period was known as___________ 
 SSC CGL 14/07/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) Duhitri (b) Gaveshna (c) Gomat (d) Ravi 
 Sol.42.(c)  Gomat.  Early  Vedic  Period 
 (1500  -  1000  BC),  also  known  as  Rig 
 Vedic  Period.  Later  Vedic  Period  (1000  - 
 600  BC).  Other  Terminologies  during 
 Vedic  Period:  Rajan  (Chief)  was  called 
 Janasya  Gopati  or  Gopa  (Protector  of 
 Cows),  Gavisthis  or  Gavenshana  (Battle 
 for  Cows),  Purohit  (Chief  priest  and 
 Minister),  Senani  (Leader  of  the  Army), 
 Samiti  (General  Assembly  of  people)  and 
 Sabha  (Council  of  elders),  Kula  (Family), 
 Kulapa  (Head  of  the  family),  Visu  (The 
 group  of  villages  commanded  by 
 ‘Vishayapati’), Gana (Assembly). 
 Q.43.  In  which  of  the  following  Vedas 
 was  Dasarajna  war  (the  war  of  ten  kings) 
 mentioned? 
 SSC CGL 21/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) Yajurveda  (b) Samaveda 
 (c) Rigveda  (d) Atharvaveda 
 Sol.43.(c)  Rigveda  (Book  of  Mantras)  - 
 The  oldest  of  all  Vedas  (around  1500 
 BC);  Has  10552  mantras,  1028  hymns 
 and  10  mandalas  (Mandalas  1  and  10 
 are the youngest and the longest books). 
 Q.44.  Which  of  the  following  varnas 
 primarily  used  to  do  cultivation,  animal 
 husbandry  and  trade  during  the  later 
 Vedic period? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Kshatriya  (b) Brahmana 
 (c) Shudra  (d) Vaishya 
 Sol.44.(d)  Vaishya.  Vedic  Age  (1500-600 
 BC):  Vedas  (Rig,  Yajur,  Sama  and 
 Atharva)  were  composed  in  this  period. 
 Four  Varnas  :  Brahmans  (priests  and 
 teachers  of  law),  Kshatriyas  (warriors, 
 kings,  administrators),  Vaishyas 
 (merchant-traders),  Shudras  (artisans 
 and laborers). 
 Q.45.  The  main  (chief)  social  unit  of  the 
 Aryans was______ . 
 SSC CGL 26/07/2023 (1st shift) 
 (a) Rajan (b) Parishad (c) Gana (d) Jana 
 Sol.45.(d)  Jana  (Tribes)  .  Gana  -  Tribal  or 
 clan  based  assemblies,  Parishad  -  A 
 small  body  similar  to  Samitis/sabhas 
 consisting  exclusively  of  Brahmins,  Rajan 
 -  A  kind  of  Chief  or  King.  Other  terms 
 used  by  Aryans  :  Ayas  –  Terms  used  for 
 metals  (copper/bronze),  Kula  –  Family, 
 Kulapas  –  Head  of  a  family,  Gramanis  – 
 Head  of  the  village  (Grama),  Sangrihitri  - 
 Treasurer. 
 Q.46.  Which  of  the  four  Vedas  contains  a 
 collection  of  magic  spells  and  charms  to 
 fend off evil spirits and diseases? 
 SSC CGL 26/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Rig Veda  (b) Sama Veda 
 (c) Yajur Veda  (d) Atharva Veda 
 Sol.46.(d)  Atharva  Veda  (‘Book  of  magic 
 spells’)  -  Has  730  hymns/suktas,  5987 
 mantras,  and  20  books  (Khandas).  Sama 
 Veda  (‘Book  of  Chant’)  -  The  earliest 
 reference  for  singing;  1875  verses.  Yajur 
 Veda  (‘Book  of  Rituals’)  -  Has  two  types, 
 Krishna  (or  black)  and  Shukla  (or  white). 
 These  four  Vedas  are  also  'Samhitas'  (a 
 collection). 
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 Pinnacle  History 
 Q.47.  The  Purva  Mimansa  school  of 
 philosophy  was  founded  by  ________  in 
 ancient India. 
 Graduate Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 3) 
 (a) Vyasa  (b) Kapila 
 (c) Patanjali  (d) Jaimini 
 Sol.47.(d)  Jaimini.  Purva  Mimansa 
 (‘Prior  Study’)  also  known  as  Dharma 
 Mimamsa  and  Karma  Mimamsa  (‘Study 
 of  Actions’).  The  six  principal  Hindu 
 darshans  are  Samkhya,  Yoga,  Nyaya, 
 Vaisheshika,  Mimamsa,  and  Vedanta. 
 Badarayana  -  Author  of  Brahma  Sutra  or 
 Vedanta  Sutra.  Patanjali  -  Philosophy  of 
 Yoga  sutra.  Kapila  -  Philosophy  of 
 Sankhya.  Vyasa  -  Author  of  the 
 Mahabharata, Vedas and Puranas. 
 Q.48.  Which  of  the  following  is  the  oldest 
 text of ancient India? 
 Higher Secondary 30/06/2023 (Shift - 2) 
 (a) Mahabhashya  (b) Arthashastra 
 (c) Rig Veda  (d) Manu Smriti 
 Sol.48.(c)  Rig  Veda.  Indra  is  the  chief 
 deity.  Gayatri  mantra  (dedicated  to 
 Savitri)  taken  from  Rig-Veda. 
 Mahabhashya  -  Patanjali.  Arthashastra  - 
 Chanakya.  In  2007  ,  30  Rig  Veda 
 manuscripts  dating  from  1800  to  1500 
 BC  were  included  in  the  UNESCO's 
 Memory of the World Register. 
 Q.49.  India  was  named  'Bharat'  after  the 
 name  of  the  Bharat  clan.  In  which  of  the 
 following  Vedas  is  this  clan  ?rst 
 mentioned ? 
 Matric Level 27/06/2023 (Shift - 1) 
 (a) Atharvaveda  (b) Yajurveda 
 (c) Samaveda  (d) Rigveda 
 Sol.49.(d)  Rigveda.  There  are  1028 
 Suktas  in  10  Mandals  (Chapters). 
 Mandalas  -  1st  and  10th  mandals  are  the 
 newest  mandals.  Chaturvarna  (Brahmin, 
 Kshatriya,  Vaishya,  Shudra)  is  mentioned 
 for  the  ?rst  time  in  Purusha  Sukta  of  10th 
 Mandal. 
 Q.50.  Four  ashrams  were  recognised  by 
 Brahmins  around  the  time  when  Jainism 
 and  Buddhism  were  becoming  popular. 
 Which  of  the  following  was  NOT  a 
 recognised ashrama? 
 SSC MTS 17/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Parmarth  (b) Vanaprastha 
 (c) Brahmacharya       (d) Grihastha 
 Sol.50.(a) Parmarth.  Ashram (A stage of 
 life): There were  four stages  in which the 
 lives  of  people  were  divided  - 
 Brahmacharya,  Grihastha,  Vanaprastha, 
 and  Sanyasa.  Men  (Brahmin,  Kshatriya 
 and  Vaishya)  were  allowed  to  follow  the 
 stages  of  the  Ashram.  Women  were  not 
 allowed  to  study  the  Vedas,  and  they  had 
 to  follow  the  ashramas  chosen  by  their 
 husbands. 
 Q.51.  Sanskrit  is  a  part  of  a  family  of 
 languages known as ___________ . 
 SSC MTS 19/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Indo-European    (b) Indo-Asian 
 (c) Indo-Tibetan  (d) Indo-Dravidian 
 Sol.51.(a)  Indo-European  -  It  includes 
 Sanskrit,  Assamese,  Gujarati,  Hindi, 
 Kashmiri, and Sindhi. 
 Q.52.  How  many  Vedas  are  there  in 
 Indian literature of classical Hinduism? 
 SSC CHSL 21/03/2023 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Three   (b) Four   (c) One   (d) Two 
 Sol.52.(b)  Four.  Types  of  Vedas:  Rigveda, 
 Samaveda,  Yajurveda,  and  Atharvaveda. 
 Each  Veda  has  four  subdivisions  -  The 
 Samhitas  (mantras  and  benedictions), 
 the  Aranyakas  (text  on  rituals, 
 ceremonies,  sacri?ces  and  symbolic 
 -sacri?ces),  the  Brahmanas 
 (commentaries  on  rituals,  ceremonies 
 and  sacri?ces),  and  the  Upanishads 
 (texts  discussing  meditation,  philosophy 
 and spiritual knowledge). 
 Q.53.  How  many  Vedangas  are  there  in 
 total ? 
 SSC CHSL 20/10/2020 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ten  (b) Six  (c) Five  (d) Two 
 Sol.53.(b)  Six  Vedangas  are  -  Shiksha 
 (Phonetics),  Kalpa  (Ritual  Canon), 
 Vyakaran  (Grammar),  Nirukta 
 (Explanation),  Chhanda  (Vedic  meter) 
 and Jyotisha (Astrology). 
 Q.54.  How  many  Mandalas  are  there  in 
 the Rigveda? 
 Higher  Secondary  02/08/2022  (Shift  -  2) 
 (a) Six  (b) Four  (c) Eight     (d) Ten 
 Sol.54.  Ten  mandals  (books).  Rig  Veda  is 
 the  oldest  of  the  four  Vedas.  It  is  a 
 collection  of  10,600  verses  and  1,028 
 hymns.  The  Famous  Gayatri  mantra  is  in 
 Rig  Veda  Mandala  3.  Each  mandala 
 consists  of  Suktas  which  are  basically 
 eulogies. 
 Q.55.  The  language  of  the  Aryan  texts 
 was: 
 Higher  Secondary  03/08/2022  (Shift  -  4  ) 
 (a) Ardh-Magadha Prakrit  (b) Prakrit 
 (c) Persian  (d) Sanskrit 
 Sol.55.(d)  Sanskrit  was  the  ?rst 
 language  spoken  in  India.  Ardhamagadhi 
 Prakrit  was  a  Middle  Indo-Aryan 
 language.  Prakrit  is  a  group  of  vernacular 
 Middle  Indo-Aryan  languages  spoken  in 
 India between the third and seventh 
 century BCE. 
 Q.56.  The  iron  implement  site  of 
 Hastinapur  was  found  in  which  present 
 day state of India? 
 SSC MTS 11/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Bihar  (b) Uttar Pradesh 
 (c) Haryana  (d) Madhya Pradesh 
 Sol.56.(b)  Uttar  Pradesh  .  Excavations  at 
 Hastinapur  were  carried  out  in  the  early 
 1950s  by  B.B.  Lal,  Director  General  of  the 
 Archaeological  Survey  of  India. 
 Hastinapur  is  famous  for  many  historical 
 temples  like  Karna  temple,  Pandeshwar 
 temple,  Kailash  Parvat.  It  was  also 
 known  as  the  capital  city  of  Pandavas 
 and  Kauravas  at  the  time  of 
 Mahabharata. 
 Q.57.  As  per  the  Rigvedic  or  Early  Vedic 
 Period  (1500-1000  BC),  who  among  the 
 following was a River Goddess? 
 SSC MTS 25/07/2022 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Agni  (b) Sindhu    (c) Arika   (d) Usha 
 Sol.57.(b)  Sindhu  .  The  seven  rivers 
 mentioned  in  the  Rig-Veda  -  Sindhu 
 (Indus),  Vitasta  (Vehit/Jhelum),  Asikni 
 (Chenab),  Prusni/Eravati  (Ravi)  Vipasha 
 (Beas),  Sutudri  (Sutlej)  and  Sarasvati 
 (which  dried  up).  Agni  (?re-god  of 
 Hinduism),  Usha  (Goddess  of  Dawn), 
 Arika  (God of Beauty). 
 Q.58.  In  the  Rig  Veda  there  is  a  hymn  in 
 the  form  of  a  dialogue  between  Sage 
 Vishvamitra  and  two  rivers  that  were 
 worshipped  as  goddesses.  Which  are 
 these rivers? 
 SSC CGL 13/04/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) Alakananda and Bhagirathi 
 (b) Ravi and Chenab 
 (c) Ganga and Yamuna 
 (d) Beas and Sutlej 
 Sol.58.(d)  Beas  and  Sutlej  are  two  rivers 
 that  were  worshipped  as  goddesses  in 
 the  Rig  Veda.  Devprayag  is  the  place 
 where  the  rivers  Alaknanda  and 
 Bhagirathi  con?uence.  The  most 
 prominent  river  in  the  Rig  Veda  is 
 Saraswati. 
 Q.59.  Which  of  the  following  statements 
 about  the  ‘Gotra’  practice  in  ancient  India 
 is true? 
 SSC CGL 18/04/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) Men and women were expected to 
 marry within the same gotra. 
 (b) People belonging to the same gotra 
 were regarded as descendants of the 
 person after whom the gotra was 
 named. 
 (c) Women retained their father’s gotra 
 after marriage. 
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