SSC CGL Previous Year Questions (2023-20): Geography - 3 | SSC CGL General Awareness Previous Year Papers (Topic-wise) PDF Download

 Page 1


 Pinnacle  Geography 
 Sol.473.(c)  Arunachal  Pradesh.  Koeppen 
 identi?ed  a  close  relationship  between 
 the  distribution  of  vegetation  and 
 climate.  He  recognised  ?ve  major 
 climatic  groups,  four  of  them  are  based 
 on  temperature  and  one  on  precipitation. 
 The  capital  letters  :  A,  C,  D,  and  E 
 delineate  humid  climates  and  B  dry 
 climates.  The  small  letters  a,  b,  c,  and  d 
 are  used  to  indicate  the  degree  of 
 temperature  severity.  The  dry  seasons 
 are  indicated  by  the  letters  f,  m,  w,  and  s, 
 where  f  indicates  no  dry  season,  m  - 
 monsoon  climate,  w  -  winter  dry  season, 
 and s - Summer dry season. 
 Q.474.  Which  of  the  following  locations 
 experiences  the  lowest  amount  of  rainfall 
 during the monsoon season ? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Kerala  (b) Assam 
 (c) Leh  (d) Meghalaya 
 Sol.474.(c)  Leh  is  located  in  the  rain 
 shadow  region  of  the  Himalayas,  which 
 means  that  the  mountains  block  the 
 monsoon  winds  from  reaching  this 
 region.  India  mainly  receives  Monsoon 
 rainfall  between  June  and  September. 
 The  average  annual  rainfall  in  India  - 
 about  125  cm.  Mawsynram  (Meghalaya) 
 in  the  Khasi  hills  receives  the  highest 
 rainfall  in  a  year.  Lowest  rainfall  - 
 Jaisalmer (Rajasthan). 
 Q.475.  In  which  of  the  following  states  of 
 India  the  'Loo'  wind  does  NOT  blow 
 during the summer season? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Punjab  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Goa  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.475.(c)  Goa.  Loo  -  These  are  hot  and 
 dry  winds,  which  blow  very  strongly  over 
 the  northern  plains  of  India  and  Pakistan 
 in  the  months  of  May  and  June.  Their 
 direction  is  usually  from  west  to  east. 
 Their  temperature  varies  from  45°C  to 
 50°C.  Hot  and  dry  winds  in  other  regions 
 and  their  names  :  Western  North  America 
 -  Chinook,  parts  of  the  Mediterranean 
 area  -  Sirocco,  northern  slopes  of  the 
 Alps - Foehn. 
 Q.476.  What  is  the  usual  term  used  to 
 describe the climate of India? 
 SSC MTS 04/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Polar climate  (b) Tropical monsoon 
 (c) Desert climate  (d) Arid climate 
 Sol.476.(b)  Tropical  monsoon  .  A 
 monsoon  is  a  seasonal  change  in  the 
 direction  of  the  prevailing,  or  strongest, 
 winds  of  a  region.  It  always  blows  from 
 cold  to  warm  regions.  The  Indian 
 Meteorological  Department  (IMD) 
 designates  four  o?cial  seasons:  Winter 
 (December  to  early  April);  Summer  or 
 pre-monsoon  (April  to  June);  Monsoon  or 
 rainy  (June  to  September)  and 
 Post-monsoon (October to December). 
 Q.477.  What is 'Mahawat' in India? 
 SSC MTS 06/09/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Cold waves during the winter season 
 (b) Cloud burst during the monsoon 
 season 
 (c) Cyclonic rainfall during the winter 
 season 
 (d) Hot and dry winds during the summer 
 season 
 Sol.477.(c)  Mahawat  is  the  total  amount 
 of  rainfall  in  the  cold  weather  season, 
 that  is  the  winter  season  which  is  caused 
 by  the  western  cyclonic  disturbances  in 
 the  north  and  north  -western  part  of 
 India. 
 Q.478.  According  to  the  Koppen 
 classi?cation,  which  letter  code 
 represents  a  tropical  climate  with  dry 
 winter  seasons  found  in  large  parts  of 
 peninsular  India  south  of  the  Tropic  of 
 Cancer? 
 SSC CHSL 03/08/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) BWk   (b) Aw   (c) CWh  (d) Dw 
 Sol.478.(b)  Aw.  Koppen  Classi?cation:  It 
 was  developed  by  Wladimir  Peter 
 Koeppen  in  1884.  The  ?ve  main  groups 
 are  A  (tropical),  B  (dry  climates),  C  (warm 
 temperate),  D  (continental),  and  E  (polar). 
 The  seasons  of  dryness  are  indicated  by 
 the  small  letters:  f  (no  dry  season),  m 
 (monsoon  climate),  w  (winter  dry 
 season)  and  s  (summer  dry  season). 
 Climatic  Regions  of  India:  Amw,  As,  Aw, 
 BShw, BWhw, Cwg, Dfc, Et, E. 
 Q.479.  The  target  for  the  ?rst 
 commitment  period  of  the  Kyoto 
 Protocol  is  to  reduce  emissions  of 
 greenhouse  gasses  by  5.2%  from  1990 
 levels? 
 SSC CHSL 04/08/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) 6  (b) 10  (c) 8  (d) 7 
 Sol.479.(a)  6.  Kyoto  Protocol:  It  was 
 adopted  on  11  December  1997  and 
 entered  into  force  on  16  February  2005.  It 
 was  adopted  in  Kyoto,  Japan.  It  was  the 
 result  of  the  Rio-1992  and  the  United 
 Nations  Framework  Convention  on 
 Climate  Change  (UNFCCC).  Kyoto 
 Protocol  cover  emissions  of  the  six  main 
 greenhouse  gases  (Carbon  dioxide  (CO 
 2 
 ), 
 methane  (CH 
 4 
 ),  nitrous  oxide  (N 
 2 
 O), 
 hydro?uorocarbons  (HFCs), 
 per?uorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur 
 hexa?uoride (SF 
 6 
 )) 
 Q.480.  Which  of  the  following  is  NOT  one 
 of  the  factors  that  has  contributed 
 towards  localisation  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry in India? 
 SSC CHSL 07/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Dry climate 
 (b) Accessible port facilities 
 (c) Availability of labor 
 (d) Availability of raw cotton 
 Sol.480.(a)  Dry  Climate.  Black  soil  is 
 best  suited  for  the  cultivation  of  the 
 cotton.  Other  factors  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry:  Market,  Climate,  Power 
 Resources.  The  ?rst  modern  cotton  mill 
 in  India  was  started  in  1854  (Bombay). 
 Mumbai  is  the  cottonopolis  of  India. 
 Ahmedabad  (Gujarat)  is  called 
 'Manchester of India'. 
 Q.481.  In  the  context  of  mapping  climate 
 data,  what  term  refers  to  a  line  drawn 
 through  all  points  on  a  map  that  contain 
 the same amount of cloud? 
 SSC CHSL 10/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Isohels  (b) Isocheim 
 (c) Isonephs  (d) Isochalaz 
 Sol.481.(c)  Isonephs.  Isocheim  -  A  line 
 on  a  map  connecting  points  having  the 
 same  average  temperature  in  winter. 
 Isohel  -  A  line  on  a  map  connecting 
 points  having  the  same  duration  of 
 sunshine.  Isochalaz  -  A  line  of  constant 
 frequency of hail storms. 
 Q.482.  What  is  the  phenomenon  called 
 when  rain  fails  to  occur  for  one  or  more 
 weeks  during  the  south-west  monsoon 
 period ? 
 SSC CHSL 14/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Withdrawal of the monsoon 
 (b) Break in the monsoon 
 (c) El Nino 
 (d) Monsoon depression 
 Sol.482.(b)  Break  in  the  monsoon.  The 
 southwest  monsoon  season  -  Rainfall 
 received  from  the  southwest  monsoons 
 is  seasonal  in  character,  which  occurs 
 between  June  and  September.  The 
 North-East  Monsoons  (retreating 
 monsoon)  -  The  months  of  October  and 
 November.  This  monsoon  is  limited  to 
 south  India,  bringing  rain  to  Tamil  Nadu, 
 Puducherry,  Karaikal,  Yanam,  Andhra 
 Pradesh, Kerala, Mahe. 
 Q.483.  According  to  Koeppen's  Scheme, 
 which  type  of  climate  is  denoted  by  'Cwg' 
 in India? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Monsoon with dry winter 
 (b) Semi-arid steppe climate 
 www.ssccglpinnacle.com                                                 Download Pinnacle Exam Preparation App 327
Page 2


 Pinnacle  Geography 
 Sol.473.(c)  Arunachal  Pradesh.  Koeppen 
 identi?ed  a  close  relationship  between 
 the  distribution  of  vegetation  and 
 climate.  He  recognised  ?ve  major 
 climatic  groups,  four  of  them  are  based 
 on  temperature  and  one  on  precipitation. 
 The  capital  letters  :  A,  C,  D,  and  E 
 delineate  humid  climates  and  B  dry 
 climates.  The  small  letters  a,  b,  c,  and  d 
 are  used  to  indicate  the  degree  of 
 temperature  severity.  The  dry  seasons 
 are  indicated  by  the  letters  f,  m,  w,  and  s, 
 where  f  indicates  no  dry  season,  m  - 
 monsoon  climate,  w  -  winter  dry  season, 
 and s - Summer dry season. 
 Q.474.  Which  of  the  following  locations 
 experiences  the  lowest  amount  of  rainfall 
 during the monsoon season ? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Kerala  (b) Assam 
 (c) Leh  (d) Meghalaya 
 Sol.474.(c)  Leh  is  located  in  the  rain 
 shadow  region  of  the  Himalayas,  which 
 means  that  the  mountains  block  the 
 monsoon  winds  from  reaching  this 
 region.  India  mainly  receives  Monsoon 
 rainfall  between  June  and  September. 
 The  average  annual  rainfall  in  India  - 
 about  125  cm.  Mawsynram  (Meghalaya) 
 in  the  Khasi  hills  receives  the  highest 
 rainfall  in  a  year.  Lowest  rainfall  - 
 Jaisalmer (Rajasthan). 
 Q.475.  In  which  of  the  following  states  of 
 India  the  'Loo'  wind  does  NOT  blow 
 during the summer season? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Punjab  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Goa  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.475.(c)  Goa.  Loo  -  These  are  hot  and 
 dry  winds,  which  blow  very  strongly  over 
 the  northern  plains  of  India  and  Pakistan 
 in  the  months  of  May  and  June.  Their 
 direction  is  usually  from  west  to  east. 
 Their  temperature  varies  from  45°C  to 
 50°C.  Hot  and  dry  winds  in  other  regions 
 and  their  names  :  Western  North  America 
 -  Chinook,  parts  of  the  Mediterranean 
 area  -  Sirocco,  northern  slopes  of  the 
 Alps - Foehn. 
 Q.476.  What  is  the  usual  term  used  to 
 describe the climate of India? 
 SSC MTS 04/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Polar climate  (b) Tropical monsoon 
 (c) Desert climate  (d) Arid climate 
 Sol.476.(b)  Tropical  monsoon  .  A 
 monsoon  is  a  seasonal  change  in  the 
 direction  of  the  prevailing,  or  strongest, 
 winds  of  a  region.  It  always  blows  from 
 cold  to  warm  regions.  The  Indian 
 Meteorological  Department  (IMD) 
 designates  four  o?cial  seasons:  Winter 
 (December  to  early  April);  Summer  or 
 pre-monsoon  (April  to  June);  Monsoon  or 
 rainy  (June  to  September)  and 
 Post-monsoon (October to December). 
 Q.477.  What is 'Mahawat' in India? 
 SSC MTS 06/09/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Cold waves during the winter season 
 (b) Cloud burst during the monsoon 
 season 
 (c) Cyclonic rainfall during the winter 
 season 
 (d) Hot and dry winds during the summer 
 season 
 Sol.477.(c)  Mahawat  is  the  total  amount 
 of  rainfall  in  the  cold  weather  season, 
 that  is  the  winter  season  which  is  caused 
 by  the  western  cyclonic  disturbances  in 
 the  north  and  north  -western  part  of 
 India. 
 Q.478.  According  to  the  Koppen 
 classi?cation,  which  letter  code 
 represents  a  tropical  climate  with  dry 
 winter  seasons  found  in  large  parts  of 
 peninsular  India  south  of  the  Tropic  of 
 Cancer? 
 SSC CHSL 03/08/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) BWk   (b) Aw   (c) CWh  (d) Dw 
 Sol.478.(b)  Aw.  Koppen  Classi?cation:  It 
 was  developed  by  Wladimir  Peter 
 Koeppen  in  1884.  The  ?ve  main  groups 
 are  A  (tropical),  B  (dry  climates),  C  (warm 
 temperate),  D  (continental),  and  E  (polar). 
 The  seasons  of  dryness  are  indicated  by 
 the  small  letters:  f  (no  dry  season),  m 
 (monsoon  climate),  w  (winter  dry 
 season)  and  s  (summer  dry  season). 
 Climatic  Regions  of  India:  Amw,  As,  Aw, 
 BShw, BWhw, Cwg, Dfc, Et, E. 
 Q.479.  The  target  for  the  ?rst 
 commitment  period  of  the  Kyoto 
 Protocol  is  to  reduce  emissions  of 
 greenhouse  gasses  by  5.2%  from  1990 
 levels? 
 SSC CHSL 04/08/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) 6  (b) 10  (c) 8  (d) 7 
 Sol.479.(a)  6.  Kyoto  Protocol:  It  was 
 adopted  on  11  December  1997  and 
 entered  into  force  on  16  February  2005.  It 
 was  adopted  in  Kyoto,  Japan.  It  was  the 
 result  of  the  Rio-1992  and  the  United 
 Nations  Framework  Convention  on 
 Climate  Change  (UNFCCC).  Kyoto 
 Protocol  cover  emissions  of  the  six  main 
 greenhouse  gases  (Carbon  dioxide  (CO 
 2 
 ), 
 methane  (CH 
 4 
 ),  nitrous  oxide  (N 
 2 
 O), 
 hydro?uorocarbons  (HFCs), 
 per?uorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur 
 hexa?uoride (SF 
 6 
 )) 
 Q.480.  Which  of  the  following  is  NOT  one 
 of  the  factors  that  has  contributed 
 towards  localisation  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry in India? 
 SSC CHSL 07/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Dry climate 
 (b) Accessible port facilities 
 (c) Availability of labor 
 (d) Availability of raw cotton 
 Sol.480.(a)  Dry  Climate.  Black  soil  is 
 best  suited  for  the  cultivation  of  the 
 cotton.  Other  factors  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry:  Market,  Climate,  Power 
 Resources.  The  ?rst  modern  cotton  mill 
 in  India  was  started  in  1854  (Bombay). 
 Mumbai  is  the  cottonopolis  of  India. 
 Ahmedabad  (Gujarat)  is  called 
 'Manchester of India'. 
 Q.481.  In  the  context  of  mapping  climate 
 data,  what  term  refers  to  a  line  drawn 
 through  all  points  on  a  map  that  contain 
 the same amount of cloud? 
 SSC CHSL 10/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Isohels  (b) Isocheim 
 (c) Isonephs  (d) Isochalaz 
 Sol.481.(c)  Isonephs.  Isocheim  -  A  line 
 on  a  map  connecting  points  having  the 
 same  average  temperature  in  winter. 
 Isohel  -  A  line  on  a  map  connecting 
 points  having  the  same  duration  of 
 sunshine.  Isochalaz  -  A  line  of  constant 
 frequency of hail storms. 
 Q.482.  What  is  the  phenomenon  called 
 when  rain  fails  to  occur  for  one  or  more 
 weeks  during  the  south-west  monsoon 
 period ? 
 SSC CHSL 14/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Withdrawal of the monsoon 
 (b) Break in the monsoon 
 (c) El Nino 
 (d) Monsoon depression 
 Sol.482.(b)  Break  in  the  monsoon.  The 
 southwest  monsoon  season  -  Rainfall 
 received  from  the  southwest  monsoons 
 is  seasonal  in  character,  which  occurs 
 between  June  and  September.  The 
 North-East  Monsoons  (retreating 
 monsoon)  -  The  months  of  October  and 
 November.  This  monsoon  is  limited  to 
 south  India,  bringing  rain  to  Tamil  Nadu, 
 Puducherry,  Karaikal,  Yanam,  Andhra 
 Pradesh, Kerala, Mahe. 
 Q.483.  According  to  Koeppen's  Scheme, 
 which  type  of  climate  is  denoted  by  'Cwg' 
 in India? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Monsoon with dry winter 
 (b) Semi-arid steppe climate 
 www.ssccglpinnacle.com                                                 Download Pinnacle Exam Preparation App 327
 Pinnacle  Geography 
 (c) Polar type 
 (d) Monsoon with dry summer 
 Sol.483.(a)  Monsoon  with  dry  winter  -  It 
 is  mostly  found  in  the  Ganga  Plain, 
 eastern  Rajasthan,  Assam,  and  the 
 Malwa  Plateau.  Amw  (Monsoon  type 
 with  a  short  dry  winter  season):  This 
 climate  is  found  in  the  western  coastal 
 region,  south  of  Mumbai.  List  of  climatic 
 groups  and  their  characteristics 
 according  to  Koeppen:  A  -  Tropical,  B  - 
 Dry  Climates,  C  -  Warm  Temperate,  D  - 
 Cold  Snow  Forest  Climates,  E  -  Cold 
 Climates, H - Highland. 
 Q.484.  Which  of  the  following  is 
 incorrectly matched? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) Montane climate - Uttar Pradesh, 
 Bihar and Jharkhand 
 (b) Tropical monsoon climate - The 
 Western Ghats, the Malabar Coast 
 And Southern Assam 
 (c) Tropical semi-arid (steppe) climate - 
 Karnataka, central Maharashtra, some 
 parts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra 
 Pradesh 
 (d) Hot desserts, arid climate - rajasthan 
 and some parts of Gujarat 
 Sol.484.(a)  Montane  climate  -  Found  in 
 Assam,  Nagaland,  Mizoram,  Meghalaya, 
 Manipur,  Arunachal  Pradesh,  Higher  hills 
 of Tamil Nadu. 
 Q.485  .  Where  does  the  Bay  of  Bengal 
 Monsoon  Branch  and  Arabian  Sea 
 Branch merge? 
 SSC CGL 20/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Southern Part of Peninsular 
 (b) Coromandel Coast 
 (c) North Western Part of Ganga Plains 
 (d) North of Deccan Plateau 
 Sol.485.(c)  North  Western  Part  of  Ganga 
 Plains  (The  Punjab  and  adjoining 
 Himalayas)  .  South  West  Monsoon 
 Season  -  June  to  mid  September.  It  is 
 also  known  as  a  hot-wet  season  .  Tamil 
 Nadu,  the  rain  shadow  area  of  the 
 western  ghats,  receives  a  small  amount 
 of  its  annual  rainfall  from  the  southwest 
 monsoon.  North-East  Monsoon  : 
 (October  to  December)  Coromandel  and 
 Rayalaseema  receive  the  majority  of  their 
 rainfall. 
 Q.486.  The  centre  of  a  cyclone  is  a  calm 
 area. It is called the_______of the storm. 
 SSC CGL 24/07/2023( 4th shift) 
 (a) base  (b) focal point 
 (c) eye  (d) trigger point 
 Sol.486.(c)  Eye.  The  eye  of  a  storm  is 
 usually  circular  and  typically  25-40  miles 
 in  diameter.  It  is  surrounded  by  an 
 eyewall,  where  the  most  severe  weather 
 of a cyclone occurs. 
 Q.487.  In  how  many  agro-climatic  zones 
 has Tamil Nadu been classi?ed? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023( 3rd  shift) 
 (a) 3  (b) 9  (c) 7  (d) 5 
 Sol.487.(c)  7  (  North  Eastern  zone,  North 
 Western  zone,  Western  zone,  Cauvery 
 delta  zone,  Southern  zone,  High  rainfall 
 zone,  Hill  and  high  altitude  zone).  India 
 has  15  main  agro-climatic  regions  as 
 Western  Himalayan,  Lower  Gangetic 
 Plain,  Eastern  Plateau  and  hill.  The 
 Climate  of  TamilNadu  is  generally 
 tropical  and  features  hot  temperatures 
 over  the  year  except  during  the  monsoon 
 seasons. 
 Q.488.  According  to  the  traditional  Indian 
 seasons,  which  of  the  following  seasons 
 falls  in  the  months  of  November  - 
 December? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023( 4th shift) 
 (a) Autumn  (b) Shishir 
 (c) Pre-Winter  (d) spring 
 Sol.488.(c)  Pre-Winter.  Seasons  Name  in 
 India:-  Spring:  March  -  April  (Chaitra  - 
 Vaishakh),  Summer:  May  -  June  (Jyestha 
 -  Ashadha),  Monsoon:  July  -  August 
 (Shravan  -  Bhadrapada),  Autumn: 
 September  -  October  (Asvina  -  Kritika), 
 Pre-Winter:  November  -  December 
 (Agrahayana  -  Paush),  Winter:  December 
 - February (Magh - Falgun). 
 Q.489.  Select  the  correct  statement  from 
 the given options. 
 SSC CGL 26/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) There is very little temperature 
 difference between day and night in 
 the coastal areas of Kerala. 
 (b) There is very little temperature 
 difference between day and night 
 In Rajasthan. 
 (c) There is extreme cold in southern 
 India during winter season 
 (d) There is plenty of rain observed in 
 central India throughout the year. 
 Sol.489.(a)  The  coastal  areas  experience 
 a  phenomenon  known  as  the  maritime 
 effect  or  coastal  effect,  which  is 
 responsible  for  the  minimal  temperature 
 difference  between  day  and  night. 
 Factors  contributing  to  this  phenomenon 
 -  Water's  High  Speci?c  Heat  (means  it 
 can  absorb  and  store  large  amounts  of 
 heat  energy  without  a  signi?cant 
 increase  in  temperature),  Moderating 
 In?uence  of  the  Ocean,  Sea  Breezes, 
 Land's Lower Heat Capacity. 
 Q.490.  What  would  happen  if  the 
 difference  in  pressure  in  Tahiti  was 
 negative? 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) Above average late monsoon 
 (b) Drought 
 (c) Below average and late monsoon 
 (d) Above average and early monsoon 
 Sol.490.(c)  The  difference  in  pressure 
 over  Tahiti  (Paci?c  Ocean)  and  Darwin  in 
 Northern  Australia  (Indian  Ocean)  is 
 computed  to  predict  the  intensity  of  the 
 monsoons.  Factors  Affecting  Monsoon  - 
 The  shift  of  the  position  of  Inter  Tropical 
 Convergence  Zone  (ITCZ);  The  presence 
 of  the  high-pressure  area,  east  of 
 Madagascar;  Heating  of  The  Tibetan 
 plateau  in  summers;  The  movement  of 
 the  jet  streams;  Southern  Oscillation  (SO) 
 -  Change  of  pressure  between  south 
 Paci?c Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean. 
 Q.491.  What  type  of  climate  occurs 
 along  the  west  coast  of  continents  in 
 subtropical  latitudes  between  30°-40° 
 latitudes,  covering  Central  California, 
 Central  Chile  along  the  coast  in  South 
 East and South Western Australia? 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) Subtropical steppe climate 
 (b) Humid subtropical climate 
 (c) Mediterranean climate 
 (d) Marine west coast climate 
 Sol.491.(c)  Mediterranean  climate. 
 Types  of  Climates:  Tropical  (India,  Brazil) 
 -  It  is  a  hot  and  humid  zone,  where  the 
 average  temperatures  are  greater  than 
 64°F  (18°C)  year-round  and  more  than  59 
 inches  of  precipitation  each  year.  Dry 
 (West  Africa,  The  Andes)  -  These  climate 
 zones  are  so  dry  because  moisture  is 
 rapidly  evaporating  from  the  air  and  there 
 is  very  little  precipitation.  Temperate 
 (Middle  East,  Canada)  -  In  this  zone,  there 
 are  typically  warm  and  humid  summers 
 with  thunderstorms  and  mild  winters. 
 Continental  (China,  Iran)  -  These  regions 
 have  warm  to  cool  summers  and  very 
 cold  winters.  Polar  (Denmark,  Norway, 
 Finland)  -  In  this  zone,  it’s  extremely  cold. 
 Even  in  summer,  the  temperatures  here 
 never go higher than 50°F (10°C). 
 Q.492.  What  is  the  average  temperature 
 usually in the hills of the western ghats? 
 Matric Level 30/06/2023 (Shift - 3) 
 (a) Above 35°C  (b) Below 15°C 
 (c) Below 25°C  (d) Above 25°C 
 Sol.492.(c)  Below  25°C.  Western  Ghats  - 
 These  are  also  known  as  the  Sahyadri 
 Hills.  It  covers  six  states  -  Gujarat, 
 Maharashtra,  Goa,  Karnataka,  Tamil 
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 Pinnacle  Geography 
 Sol.473.(c)  Arunachal  Pradesh.  Koeppen 
 identi?ed  a  close  relationship  between 
 the  distribution  of  vegetation  and 
 climate.  He  recognised  ?ve  major 
 climatic  groups,  four  of  them  are  based 
 on  temperature  and  one  on  precipitation. 
 The  capital  letters  :  A,  C,  D,  and  E 
 delineate  humid  climates  and  B  dry 
 climates.  The  small  letters  a,  b,  c,  and  d 
 are  used  to  indicate  the  degree  of 
 temperature  severity.  The  dry  seasons 
 are  indicated  by  the  letters  f,  m,  w,  and  s, 
 where  f  indicates  no  dry  season,  m  - 
 monsoon  climate,  w  -  winter  dry  season, 
 and s - Summer dry season. 
 Q.474.  Which  of  the  following  locations 
 experiences  the  lowest  amount  of  rainfall 
 during the monsoon season ? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Kerala  (b) Assam 
 (c) Leh  (d) Meghalaya 
 Sol.474.(c)  Leh  is  located  in  the  rain 
 shadow  region  of  the  Himalayas,  which 
 means  that  the  mountains  block  the 
 monsoon  winds  from  reaching  this 
 region.  India  mainly  receives  Monsoon 
 rainfall  between  June  and  September. 
 The  average  annual  rainfall  in  India  - 
 about  125  cm.  Mawsynram  (Meghalaya) 
 in  the  Khasi  hills  receives  the  highest 
 rainfall  in  a  year.  Lowest  rainfall  - 
 Jaisalmer (Rajasthan). 
 Q.475.  In  which  of  the  following  states  of 
 India  the  'Loo'  wind  does  NOT  blow 
 during the summer season? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Punjab  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Goa  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.475.(c)  Goa.  Loo  -  These  are  hot  and 
 dry  winds,  which  blow  very  strongly  over 
 the  northern  plains  of  India  and  Pakistan 
 in  the  months  of  May  and  June.  Their 
 direction  is  usually  from  west  to  east. 
 Their  temperature  varies  from  45°C  to 
 50°C.  Hot  and  dry  winds  in  other  regions 
 and  their  names  :  Western  North  America 
 -  Chinook,  parts  of  the  Mediterranean 
 area  -  Sirocco,  northern  slopes  of  the 
 Alps - Foehn. 
 Q.476.  What  is  the  usual  term  used  to 
 describe the climate of India? 
 SSC MTS 04/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Polar climate  (b) Tropical monsoon 
 (c) Desert climate  (d) Arid climate 
 Sol.476.(b)  Tropical  monsoon  .  A 
 monsoon  is  a  seasonal  change  in  the 
 direction  of  the  prevailing,  or  strongest, 
 winds  of  a  region.  It  always  blows  from 
 cold  to  warm  regions.  The  Indian 
 Meteorological  Department  (IMD) 
 designates  four  o?cial  seasons:  Winter 
 (December  to  early  April);  Summer  or 
 pre-monsoon  (April  to  June);  Monsoon  or 
 rainy  (June  to  September)  and 
 Post-monsoon (October to December). 
 Q.477.  What is 'Mahawat' in India? 
 SSC MTS 06/09/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Cold waves during the winter season 
 (b) Cloud burst during the monsoon 
 season 
 (c) Cyclonic rainfall during the winter 
 season 
 (d) Hot and dry winds during the summer 
 season 
 Sol.477.(c)  Mahawat  is  the  total  amount 
 of  rainfall  in  the  cold  weather  season, 
 that  is  the  winter  season  which  is  caused 
 by  the  western  cyclonic  disturbances  in 
 the  north  and  north  -western  part  of 
 India. 
 Q.478.  According  to  the  Koppen 
 classi?cation,  which  letter  code 
 represents  a  tropical  climate  with  dry 
 winter  seasons  found  in  large  parts  of 
 peninsular  India  south  of  the  Tropic  of 
 Cancer? 
 SSC CHSL 03/08/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) BWk   (b) Aw   (c) CWh  (d) Dw 
 Sol.478.(b)  Aw.  Koppen  Classi?cation:  It 
 was  developed  by  Wladimir  Peter 
 Koeppen  in  1884.  The  ?ve  main  groups 
 are  A  (tropical),  B  (dry  climates),  C  (warm 
 temperate),  D  (continental),  and  E  (polar). 
 The  seasons  of  dryness  are  indicated  by 
 the  small  letters:  f  (no  dry  season),  m 
 (monsoon  climate),  w  (winter  dry 
 season)  and  s  (summer  dry  season). 
 Climatic  Regions  of  India:  Amw,  As,  Aw, 
 BShw, BWhw, Cwg, Dfc, Et, E. 
 Q.479.  The  target  for  the  ?rst 
 commitment  period  of  the  Kyoto 
 Protocol  is  to  reduce  emissions  of 
 greenhouse  gasses  by  5.2%  from  1990 
 levels? 
 SSC CHSL 04/08/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) 6  (b) 10  (c) 8  (d) 7 
 Sol.479.(a)  6.  Kyoto  Protocol:  It  was 
 adopted  on  11  December  1997  and 
 entered  into  force  on  16  February  2005.  It 
 was  adopted  in  Kyoto,  Japan.  It  was  the 
 result  of  the  Rio-1992  and  the  United 
 Nations  Framework  Convention  on 
 Climate  Change  (UNFCCC).  Kyoto 
 Protocol  cover  emissions  of  the  six  main 
 greenhouse  gases  (Carbon  dioxide  (CO 
 2 
 ), 
 methane  (CH 
 4 
 ),  nitrous  oxide  (N 
 2 
 O), 
 hydro?uorocarbons  (HFCs), 
 per?uorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur 
 hexa?uoride (SF 
 6 
 )) 
 Q.480.  Which  of  the  following  is  NOT  one 
 of  the  factors  that  has  contributed 
 towards  localisation  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry in India? 
 SSC CHSL 07/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Dry climate 
 (b) Accessible port facilities 
 (c) Availability of labor 
 (d) Availability of raw cotton 
 Sol.480.(a)  Dry  Climate.  Black  soil  is 
 best  suited  for  the  cultivation  of  the 
 cotton.  Other  factors  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry:  Market,  Climate,  Power 
 Resources.  The  ?rst  modern  cotton  mill 
 in  India  was  started  in  1854  (Bombay). 
 Mumbai  is  the  cottonopolis  of  India. 
 Ahmedabad  (Gujarat)  is  called 
 'Manchester of India'. 
 Q.481.  In  the  context  of  mapping  climate 
 data,  what  term  refers  to  a  line  drawn 
 through  all  points  on  a  map  that  contain 
 the same amount of cloud? 
 SSC CHSL 10/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Isohels  (b) Isocheim 
 (c) Isonephs  (d) Isochalaz 
 Sol.481.(c)  Isonephs.  Isocheim  -  A  line 
 on  a  map  connecting  points  having  the 
 same  average  temperature  in  winter. 
 Isohel  -  A  line  on  a  map  connecting 
 points  having  the  same  duration  of 
 sunshine.  Isochalaz  -  A  line  of  constant 
 frequency of hail storms. 
 Q.482.  What  is  the  phenomenon  called 
 when  rain  fails  to  occur  for  one  or  more 
 weeks  during  the  south-west  monsoon 
 period ? 
 SSC CHSL 14/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Withdrawal of the monsoon 
 (b) Break in the monsoon 
 (c) El Nino 
 (d) Monsoon depression 
 Sol.482.(b)  Break  in  the  monsoon.  The 
 southwest  monsoon  season  -  Rainfall 
 received  from  the  southwest  monsoons 
 is  seasonal  in  character,  which  occurs 
 between  June  and  September.  The 
 North-East  Monsoons  (retreating 
 monsoon)  -  The  months  of  October  and 
 November.  This  monsoon  is  limited  to 
 south  India,  bringing  rain  to  Tamil  Nadu, 
 Puducherry,  Karaikal,  Yanam,  Andhra 
 Pradesh, Kerala, Mahe. 
 Q.483.  According  to  Koeppen's  Scheme, 
 which  type  of  climate  is  denoted  by  'Cwg' 
 in India? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Monsoon with dry winter 
 (b) Semi-arid steppe climate 
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 (c) Polar type 
 (d) Monsoon with dry summer 
 Sol.483.(a)  Monsoon  with  dry  winter  -  It 
 is  mostly  found  in  the  Ganga  Plain, 
 eastern  Rajasthan,  Assam,  and  the 
 Malwa  Plateau.  Amw  (Monsoon  type 
 with  a  short  dry  winter  season):  This 
 climate  is  found  in  the  western  coastal 
 region,  south  of  Mumbai.  List  of  climatic 
 groups  and  their  characteristics 
 according  to  Koeppen:  A  -  Tropical,  B  - 
 Dry  Climates,  C  -  Warm  Temperate,  D  - 
 Cold  Snow  Forest  Climates,  E  -  Cold 
 Climates, H - Highland. 
 Q.484.  Which  of  the  following  is 
 incorrectly matched? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) Montane climate - Uttar Pradesh, 
 Bihar and Jharkhand 
 (b) Tropical monsoon climate - The 
 Western Ghats, the Malabar Coast 
 And Southern Assam 
 (c) Tropical semi-arid (steppe) climate - 
 Karnataka, central Maharashtra, some 
 parts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra 
 Pradesh 
 (d) Hot desserts, arid climate - rajasthan 
 and some parts of Gujarat 
 Sol.484.(a)  Montane  climate  -  Found  in 
 Assam,  Nagaland,  Mizoram,  Meghalaya, 
 Manipur,  Arunachal  Pradesh,  Higher  hills 
 of Tamil Nadu. 
 Q.485  .  Where  does  the  Bay  of  Bengal 
 Monsoon  Branch  and  Arabian  Sea 
 Branch merge? 
 SSC CGL 20/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Southern Part of Peninsular 
 (b) Coromandel Coast 
 (c) North Western Part of Ganga Plains 
 (d) North of Deccan Plateau 
 Sol.485.(c)  North  Western  Part  of  Ganga 
 Plains  (The  Punjab  and  adjoining 
 Himalayas)  .  South  West  Monsoon 
 Season  -  June  to  mid  September.  It  is 
 also  known  as  a  hot-wet  season  .  Tamil 
 Nadu,  the  rain  shadow  area  of  the 
 western  ghats,  receives  a  small  amount 
 of  its  annual  rainfall  from  the  southwest 
 monsoon.  North-East  Monsoon  : 
 (October  to  December)  Coromandel  and 
 Rayalaseema  receive  the  majority  of  their 
 rainfall. 
 Q.486.  The  centre  of  a  cyclone  is  a  calm 
 area. It is called the_______of the storm. 
 SSC CGL 24/07/2023( 4th shift) 
 (a) base  (b) focal point 
 (c) eye  (d) trigger point 
 Sol.486.(c)  Eye.  The  eye  of  a  storm  is 
 usually  circular  and  typically  25-40  miles 
 in  diameter.  It  is  surrounded  by  an 
 eyewall,  where  the  most  severe  weather 
 of a cyclone occurs. 
 Q.487.  In  how  many  agro-climatic  zones 
 has Tamil Nadu been classi?ed? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023( 3rd  shift) 
 (a) 3  (b) 9  (c) 7  (d) 5 
 Sol.487.(c)  7  (  North  Eastern  zone,  North 
 Western  zone,  Western  zone,  Cauvery 
 delta  zone,  Southern  zone,  High  rainfall 
 zone,  Hill  and  high  altitude  zone).  India 
 has  15  main  agro-climatic  regions  as 
 Western  Himalayan,  Lower  Gangetic 
 Plain,  Eastern  Plateau  and  hill.  The 
 Climate  of  TamilNadu  is  generally 
 tropical  and  features  hot  temperatures 
 over  the  year  except  during  the  monsoon 
 seasons. 
 Q.488.  According  to  the  traditional  Indian 
 seasons,  which  of  the  following  seasons 
 falls  in  the  months  of  November  - 
 December? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023( 4th shift) 
 (a) Autumn  (b) Shishir 
 (c) Pre-Winter  (d) spring 
 Sol.488.(c)  Pre-Winter.  Seasons  Name  in 
 India:-  Spring:  March  -  April  (Chaitra  - 
 Vaishakh),  Summer:  May  -  June  (Jyestha 
 -  Ashadha),  Monsoon:  July  -  August 
 (Shravan  -  Bhadrapada),  Autumn: 
 September  -  October  (Asvina  -  Kritika), 
 Pre-Winter:  November  -  December 
 (Agrahayana  -  Paush),  Winter:  December 
 - February (Magh - Falgun). 
 Q.489.  Select  the  correct  statement  from 
 the given options. 
 SSC CGL 26/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) There is very little temperature 
 difference between day and night in 
 the coastal areas of Kerala. 
 (b) There is very little temperature 
 difference between day and night 
 In Rajasthan. 
 (c) There is extreme cold in southern 
 India during winter season 
 (d) There is plenty of rain observed in 
 central India throughout the year. 
 Sol.489.(a)  The  coastal  areas  experience 
 a  phenomenon  known  as  the  maritime 
 effect  or  coastal  effect,  which  is 
 responsible  for  the  minimal  temperature 
 difference  between  day  and  night. 
 Factors  contributing  to  this  phenomenon 
 -  Water's  High  Speci?c  Heat  (means  it 
 can  absorb  and  store  large  amounts  of 
 heat  energy  without  a  signi?cant 
 increase  in  temperature),  Moderating 
 In?uence  of  the  Ocean,  Sea  Breezes, 
 Land's Lower Heat Capacity. 
 Q.490.  What  would  happen  if  the 
 difference  in  pressure  in  Tahiti  was 
 negative? 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) Above average late monsoon 
 (b) Drought 
 (c) Below average and late monsoon 
 (d) Above average and early monsoon 
 Sol.490.(c)  The  difference  in  pressure 
 over  Tahiti  (Paci?c  Ocean)  and  Darwin  in 
 Northern  Australia  (Indian  Ocean)  is 
 computed  to  predict  the  intensity  of  the 
 monsoons.  Factors  Affecting  Monsoon  - 
 The  shift  of  the  position  of  Inter  Tropical 
 Convergence  Zone  (ITCZ);  The  presence 
 of  the  high-pressure  area,  east  of 
 Madagascar;  Heating  of  The  Tibetan 
 plateau  in  summers;  The  movement  of 
 the  jet  streams;  Southern  Oscillation  (SO) 
 -  Change  of  pressure  between  south 
 Paci?c Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean. 
 Q.491.  What  type  of  climate  occurs 
 along  the  west  coast  of  continents  in 
 subtropical  latitudes  between  30°-40° 
 latitudes,  covering  Central  California, 
 Central  Chile  along  the  coast  in  South 
 East and South Western Australia? 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) Subtropical steppe climate 
 (b) Humid subtropical climate 
 (c) Mediterranean climate 
 (d) Marine west coast climate 
 Sol.491.(c)  Mediterranean  climate. 
 Types  of  Climates:  Tropical  (India,  Brazil) 
 -  It  is  a  hot  and  humid  zone,  where  the 
 average  temperatures  are  greater  than 
 64°F  (18°C)  year-round  and  more  than  59 
 inches  of  precipitation  each  year.  Dry 
 (West  Africa,  The  Andes)  -  These  climate 
 zones  are  so  dry  because  moisture  is 
 rapidly  evaporating  from  the  air  and  there 
 is  very  little  precipitation.  Temperate 
 (Middle  East,  Canada)  -  In  this  zone,  there 
 are  typically  warm  and  humid  summers 
 with  thunderstorms  and  mild  winters. 
 Continental  (China,  Iran)  -  These  regions 
 have  warm  to  cool  summers  and  very 
 cold  winters.  Polar  (Denmark,  Norway, 
 Finland)  -  In  this  zone,  it’s  extremely  cold. 
 Even  in  summer,  the  temperatures  here 
 never go higher than 50°F (10°C). 
 Q.492.  What  is  the  average  temperature 
 usually in the hills of the western ghats? 
 Matric Level 30/06/2023 (Shift - 3) 
 (a) Above 35°C  (b) Below 15°C 
 (c) Below 25°C  (d) Above 25°C 
 Sol.492.(c)  Below  25°C.  Western  Ghats  - 
 These  are  also  known  as  the  Sahyadri 
 Hills.  It  covers  six  states  -  Gujarat, 
 Maharashtra,  Goa,  Karnataka,  Tamil 
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 Nadu,  and  Kerala.  It  is  designated  as  a 
 UNESCO  World  Heritage  Site  (2012). 
 Endangered  Species  to  Western  Ghats: 
 Lion  tailed-macaque,  Nilgiri  tahr,  Nilgiri 
 langur.  Passes  in  Western  Ghats:  Thal 
 Ghat  Pass  (Kasara  Ghat),  Bhor  Ghat 
 Pass,  Palakkad  Gap  (Pal  Ghat),  Amba 
 Ghat  Pass,  Naneghat  Pass,  Amboli  Ghat 
 Pass. 
 Q.493.  Which  winds  are  also  known  by 
 the name of 'Roaring Forties'? 
 SSC MTS 11/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Polar easterlies    (b) westerly winds 
 (c) Polar winds           (d) Trade winds 
 Sol.493.(b)  Westerly  Wind  .  The  polar 
 easterlies  are  one  of  the  ?ve  primary 
 wind  zones,  known  as  wind  belts,  that 
 make  up  our  atmosphere's  circulatory 
 system.  Polar  winds  begin  near  the 
 North  and  South  Poles.  The  trade  winds 
 are  air  currents  closer  to  Earth's  surface 
 that  blow  from  east  to  west  near  the 
 equator. 
 Q.494.  Which  among  the  following  wind 
 is  associated  with  extreme  cold  and 
 dryness? 
 SSC MTS 03/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Monsoon Winds   (b) Westerlies 
 (c) Trade Winds  (d) Polar Easterlies 
 Sol.494.(d)  Polar  Easterlies  .  They 
 emanate  from  the  polar  highs,  areas  of 
 high  pressure  around  the  North  and 
 South  Poles.  They  ?ow  to  low-pressure 
 areas  in  sub-polar  regions.  Easterlies 
 (blow  from  the  east)  -  It  is  the  name  of 
 the  permanent  winds  that  come  from  the 
 direction  of  their  origin.  Monsoon  Winds  - 
 They  are  caused  when  the  air  over  land 
 gets  heated  and  rises,  causing  winds  to 
 blow  from  the  ocean  toward  land. 
 Westerlies  -  Prevailing  winds  from  the 
 west  toward  the  east  in  the  middle 
 latitudes.  Trade  Winds  -  The  permanent 
 east-to-west  prevailing  winds  that  ?ow  in 
 the Earth's equatorial region. 
 Q.495.  ENSO  is  the  phenomenon  related 
 to  pressure  conditions.  What  is  the  full 
 form of ENSO ? 
 SSC MTS 12/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) El Nina Southern Occasions 
 (b) El Nino Southern Oscillation 
 (c) El Nino South Occasion 
 (d) El Nina South Oscillations 
 Sol.495.(b)  ENSO  is  an  irregular  periodic 
 variation  in  winds  and  sea  surface 
 temperatures  over  the  tropical  eastern 
 Paci?c  Ocean,  affecting  the  climate  of 
 much of the tropics and subtropics. 
 Q.496.  Seasonal reversal in the wind 
 direction during a year refers to  . 
 SSC MTS 17/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Monsoon  (b) Emission 
 (c) Breeze  (d) Climate 
 Sol.496.(a)  Monsoon  is  derived  from  the 
 Arabic  word  ‘mawsim’  which  means 
 season.  It  travels  from  the  sea  to  the 
 land  in  summers  and  from  land  to  the 
 sea  during  winters.  Branches  of 
 monsoon:  Arabian  Sea  branch  (South  - 
 west  Monsoon)  -  Monsoon  winds 
 originate  over  the  Arabian  Sea.  Bay  of 
 Bengal  branch  -  originate  over  the  bay  of 
 bengal.  Climate  -  Long-term  pattern  of 
 weather  in  a  particular  area.  Breeze  - 
 Wind  that  blows  from  high  to  low 
 -pressure zones. 
 Q.497.  The  weather  pattern  formed  on 
 the  basis  of  weather  data  collected  for  a 
 place over a long period of time, say 25 
 years, is called ____________ of that place. 
 SSC MTS 14/06/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ecology  (b) climate 
 (c) Landforms  (d) environment 
 Sol.497.(b)  Climate.  It  is  determined  by 
 factors  such  as  the  latitude,  altitude,  and 
 proximity  to  the  ocean.  Environment  is 
 the  surroundings  of  an  organism  or 
 population,  including  the  physical  factors 
 and  the  living  things  with  which  it 
 interacts. 
 Q.498.  The  summer  months  experience 
 __________ in the northern part of India. 
 SSC MTS 15/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) rising air pressure 
 (b) falling air pressure 
 (c) decreasing temperature 
 (d) heavy rain 
 Sol.498.(b)  Falling  air  pressure.  An 
 elongated  low-pressure  area  develops  in 
 the  region  extending  from  the  Thar 
 Desert  in  the  northwest  to  Patna  and 
 Chotanagpur  plateau  in  the  east  and 
 southeast  towards  the  end  of  May. 
 Circulation  of  air  begins  to  set  in  around 
 this  trough.  InterTropical  Convergence 
 Zone  (ITCZ)  -  Low  pressure  region 
 around which the southeast trade winds 
 and the northeast trade winds converge. 
 Q.499.  The  day  to  day  condition  of  the 
 atmosphere  at  a  place  with  respect  to 
 the  temperature,  humidity,  rainfall,  wind 
 speed etc. is called _______ at that place. 
 SSC MTS 16/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) climate  (b) weather 
 (c) environment  (d) ecology 
 Sol.499.(b)  Weather.  Climate  -  It  is  the 
 long-term  average  of  weather  conditions, 
 including  temperature,  humidity, 
 precipitation,  wind  patterns,  and  other 
 atmospheric  elements,  in  a  particular 
 region  over  an  extended  period,  typically 
 30 years or more. 
 Q.500  .  Which  of  the  following  pressure 
 belts is known as the horse latitude? 
 SSC CHSL 13/03/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Equatorial Low Pressure 
 (b) Sub - Polar Low Pressure 
 (c) High Pressure 
 (d) Sub - Tropical High Pressure 
 Sol.500.(d)  Subtropical  high  pressure 
 belts  (Horse  latitude)  extend  30°  N  and 
 30°  S.  It  is  formed  because  the  warm  air 
 rising  from  the  equator  moves  towards 
 the  tropics  in  both  hemispheres. 
 Equatorial  Low  -  Pressure  belt  extends 
 from  0  to  5°  North  and  South.  Subpolar 
 low  pressure  belt  extends  around 
 latitudes  60°  to  70°  North  and  South. 
 High  Pressure  belts  are  located  at  70°- 
 90°  North  and  South  latitudes.  There  are 
 majorly  seven  Pressure  Belts  on  the 
 surface  of  Earth  i.e.,  the  Equatorial  Low, 
 two  Subtropical  Highs,  two  Subpolar 
 Lows, and two Polar Highs. 
 Q.501.  When  the  grains  of  sand  are  very 
 ?ne  and  light  ,  the  wind  can  carry  it  over  a 
 very  long  distance  .  When  such  sand  is 
 deposited in large areas, it is called_____. 
 SSC CHSL 13/03/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) loess  (b) moraines 
 (c) mushroom  (d) stacks 
 Sol.501.(a)  Loess.  It  is  a  clastic, 
 predominantly  silt-sized  sediment  that  is 
 formed  by  the  accumulation  of  wind 
 -blown dust. 
 Q.502.  Following  statements  are  made 
 regarding global warming. 
 A.  Global  warming  is  the  long-term 
 heating  of  Earth's  surface  observed  since 
 the  pre-  industrial  period  due  to  human 
 activities,  primarily  fossil  fuel  burning, 
 which  increases  heat-trapping 
 greenhouse gas levels in Earth's 
 atmosphere. 
 B.  Global  warming  causes  climate 
 change,  which  poses  a  serious  threat  to 
 life  on  Earth  in  the  forms  of  widespread 
 ?ooding and extreme weather. 
 Which of these statements are correct? 
 SSC CGL Tier II  06/03/2023 
 (a) Only B         (b) Only A 
 (c) Both A & B (d) Both A & B are incorrect 
 Sol.502.(c)  Both  A  &  B.  Global  warming  : 
 Gradual  increase  in  the  earth’s 
 temperature  generally  due  to  the 
 greenhouse  effect  caused  by  increased 
 levels  of  Carbon  dioxide  (CO 
 2 
 ),  Methane 
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Page 4


 Pinnacle  Geography 
 Sol.473.(c)  Arunachal  Pradesh.  Koeppen 
 identi?ed  a  close  relationship  between 
 the  distribution  of  vegetation  and 
 climate.  He  recognised  ?ve  major 
 climatic  groups,  four  of  them  are  based 
 on  temperature  and  one  on  precipitation. 
 The  capital  letters  :  A,  C,  D,  and  E 
 delineate  humid  climates  and  B  dry 
 climates.  The  small  letters  a,  b,  c,  and  d 
 are  used  to  indicate  the  degree  of 
 temperature  severity.  The  dry  seasons 
 are  indicated  by  the  letters  f,  m,  w,  and  s, 
 where  f  indicates  no  dry  season,  m  - 
 monsoon  climate,  w  -  winter  dry  season, 
 and s - Summer dry season. 
 Q.474.  Which  of  the  following  locations 
 experiences  the  lowest  amount  of  rainfall 
 during the monsoon season ? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Kerala  (b) Assam 
 (c) Leh  (d) Meghalaya 
 Sol.474.(c)  Leh  is  located  in  the  rain 
 shadow  region  of  the  Himalayas,  which 
 means  that  the  mountains  block  the 
 monsoon  winds  from  reaching  this 
 region.  India  mainly  receives  Monsoon 
 rainfall  between  June  and  September. 
 The  average  annual  rainfall  in  India  - 
 about  125  cm.  Mawsynram  (Meghalaya) 
 in  the  Khasi  hills  receives  the  highest 
 rainfall  in  a  year.  Lowest  rainfall  - 
 Jaisalmer (Rajasthan). 
 Q.475.  In  which  of  the  following  states  of 
 India  the  'Loo'  wind  does  NOT  blow 
 during the summer season? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Punjab  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Goa  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.475.(c)  Goa.  Loo  -  These  are  hot  and 
 dry  winds,  which  blow  very  strongly  over 
 the  northern  plains  of  India  and  Pakistan 
 in  the  months  of  May  and  June.  Their 
 direction  is  usually  from  west  to  east. 
 Their  temperature  varies  from  45°C  to 
 50°C.  Hot  and  dry  winds  in  other  regions 
 and  their  names  :  Western  North  America 
 -  Chinook,  parts  of  the  Mediterranean 
 area  -  Sirocco,  northern  slopes  of  the 
 Alps - Foehn. 
 Q.476.  What  is  the  usual  term  used  to 
 describe the climate of India? 
 SSC MTS 04/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Polar climate  (b) Tropical monsoon 
 (c) Desert climate  (d) Arid climate 
 Sol.476.(b)  Tropical  monsoon  .  A 
 monsoon  is  a  seasonal  change  in  the 
 direction  of  the  prevailing,  or  strongest, 
 winds  of  a  region.  It  always  blows  from 
 cold  to  warm  regions.  The  Indian 
 Meteorological  Department  (IMD) 
 designates  four  o?cial  seasons:  Winter 
 (December  to  early  April);  Summer  or 
 pre-monsoon  (April  to  June);  Monsoon  or 
 rainy  (June  to  September)  and 
 Post-monsoon (October to December). 
 Q.477.  What is 'Mahawat' in India? 
 SSC MTS 06/09/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Cold waves during the winter season 
 (b) Cloud burst during the monsoon 
 season 
 (c) Cyclonic rainfall during the winter 
 season 
 (d) Hot and dry winds during the summer 
 season 
 Sol.477.(c)  Mahawat  is  the  total  amount 
 of  rainfall  in  the  cold  weather  season, 
 that  is  the  winter  season  which  is  caused 
 by  the  western  cyclonic  disturbances  in 
 the  north  and  north  -western  part  of 
 India. 
 Q.478.  According  to  the  Koppen 
 classi?cation,  which  letter  code 
 represents  a  tropical  climate  with  dry 
 winter  seasons  found  in  large  parts  of 
 peninsular  India  south  of  the  Tropic  of 
 Cancer? 
 SSC CHSL 03/08/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) BWk   (b) Aw   (c) CWh  (d) Dw 
 Sol.478.(b)  Aw.  Koppen  Classi?cation:  It 
 was  developed  by  Wladimir  Peter 
 Koeppen  in  1884.  The  ?ve  main  groups 
 are  A  (tropical),  B  (dry  climates),  C  (warm 
 temperate),  D  (continental),  and  E  (polar). 
 The  seasons  of  dryness  are  indicated  by 
 the  small  letters:  f  (no  dry  season),  m 
 (monsoon  climate),  w  (winter  dry 
 season)  and  s  (summer  dry  season). 
 Climatic  Regions  of  India:  Amw,  As,  Aw, 
 BShw, BWhw, Cwg, Dfc, Et, E. 
 Q.479.  The  target  for  the  ?rst 
 commitment  period  of  the  Kyoto 
 Protocol  is  to  reduce  emissions  of 
 greenhouse  gasses  by  5.2%  from  1990 
 levels? 
 SSC CHSL 04/08/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) 6  (b) 10  (c) 8  (d) 7 
 Sol.479.(a)  6.  Kyoto  Protocol:  It  was 
 adopted  on  11  December  1997  and 
 entered  into  force  on  16  February  2005.  It 
 was  adopted  in  Kyoto,  Japan.  It  was  the 
 result  of  the  Rio-1992  and  the  United 
 Nations  Framework  Convention  on 
 Climate  Change  (UNFCCC).  Kyoto 
 Protocol  cover  emissions  of  the  six  main 
 greenhouse  gases  (Carbon  dioxide  (CO 
 2 
 ), 
 methane  (CH 
 4 
 ),  nitrous  oxide  (N 
 2 
 O), 
 hydro?uorocarbons  (HFCs), 
 per?uorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur 
 hexa?uoride (SF 
 6 
 )) 
 Q.480.  Which  of  the  following  is  NOT  one 
 of  the  factors  that  has  contributed 
 towards  localisation  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry in India? 
 SSC CHSL 07/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Dry climate 
 (b) Accessible port facilities 
 (c) Availability of labor 
 (d) Availability of raw cotton 
 Sol.480.(a)  Dry  Climate.  Black  soil  is 
 best  suited  for  the  cultivation  of  the 
 cotton.  Other  factors  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry:  Market,  Climate,  Power 
 Resources.  The  ?rst  modern  cotton  mill 
 in  India  was  started  in  1854  (Bombay). 
 Mumbai  is  the  cottonopolis  of  India. 
 Ahmedabad  (Gujarat)  is  called 
 'Manchester of India'. 
 Q.481.  In  the  context  of  mapping  climate 
 data,  what  term  refers  to  a  line  drawn 
 through  all  points  on  a  map  that  contain 
 the same amount of cloud? 
 SSC CHSL 10/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Isohels  (b) Isocheim 
 (c) Isonephs  (d) Isochalaz 
 Sol.481.(c)  Isonephs.  Isocheim  -  A  line 
 on  a  map  connecting  points  having  the 
 same  average  temperature  in  winter. 
 Isohel  -  A  line  on  a  map  connecting 
 points  having  the  same  duration  of 
 sunshine.  Isochalaz  -  A  line  of  constant 
 frequency of hail storms. 
 Q.482.  What  is  the  phenomenon  called 
 when  rain  fails  to  occur  for  one  or  more 
 weeks  during  the  south-west  monsoon 
 period ? 
 SSC CHSL 14/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Withdrawal of the monsoon 
 (b) Break in the monsoon 
 (c) El Nino 
 (d) Monsoon depression 
 Sol.482.(b)  Break  in  the  monsoon.  The 
 southwest  monsoon  season  -  Rainfall 
 received  from  the  southwest  monsoons 
 is  seasonal  in  character,  which  occurs 
 between  June  and  September.  The 
 North-East  Monsoons  (retreating 
 monsoon)  -  The  months  of  October  and 
 November.  This  monsoon  is  limited  to 
 south  India,  bringing  rain  to  Tamil  Nadu, 
 Puducherry,  Karaikal,  Yanam,  Andhra 
 Pradesh, Kerala, Mahe. 
 Q.483.  According  to  Koeppen's  Scheme, 
 which  type  of  climate  is  denoted  by  'Cwg' 
 in India? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Monsoon with dry winter 
 (b) Semi-arid steppe climate 
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 (c) Polar type 
 (d) Monsoon with dry summer 
 Sol.483.(a)  Monsoon  with  dry  winter  -  It 
 is  mostly  found  in  the  Ganga  Plain, 
 eastern  Rajasthan,  Assam,  and  the 
 Malwa  Plateau.  Amw  (Monsoon  type 
 with  a  short  dry  winter  season):  This 
 climate  is  found  in  the  western  coastal 
 region,  south  of  Mumbai.  List  of  climatic 
 groups  and  their  characteristics 
 according  to  Koeppen:  A  -  Tropical,  B  - 
 Dry  Climates,  C  -  Warm  Temperate,  D  - 
 Cold  Snow  Forest  Climates,  E  -  Cold 
 Climates, H - Highland. 
 Q.484.  Which  of  the  following  is 
 incorrectly matched? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) Montane climate - Uttar Pradesh, 
 Bihar and Jharkhand 
 (b) Tropical monsoon climate - The 
 Western Ghats, the Malabar Coast 
 And Southern Assam 
 (c) Tropical semi-arid (steppe) climate - 
 Karnataka, central Maharashtra, some 
 parts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra 
 Pradesh 
 (d) Hot desserts, arid climate - rajasthan 
 and some parts of Gujarat 
 Sol.484.(a)  Montane  climate  -  Found  in 
 Assam,  Nagaland,  Mizoram,  Meghalaya, 
 Manipur,  Arunachal  Pradesh,  Higher  hills 
 of Tamil Nadu. 
 Q.485  .  Where  does  the  Bay  of  Bengal 
 Monsoon  Branch  and  Arabian  Sea 
 Branch merge? 
 SSC CGL 20/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Southern Part of Peninsular 
 (b) Coromandel Coast 
 (c) North Western Part of Ganga Plains 
 (d) North of Deccan Plateau 
 Sol.485.(c)  North  Western  Part  of  Ganga 
 Plains  (The  Punjab  and  adjoining 
 Himalayas)  .  South  West  Monsoon 
 Season  -  June  to  mid  September.  It  is 
 also  known  as  a  hot-wet  season  .  Tamil 
 Nadu,  the  rain  shadow  area  of  the 
 western  ghats,  receives  a  small  amount 
 of  its  annual  rainfall  from  the  southwest 
 monsoon.  North-East  Monsoon  : 
 (October  to  December)  Coromandel  and 
 Rayalaseema  receive  the  majority  of  their 
 rainfall. 
 Q.486.  The  centre  of  a  cyclone  is  a  calm 
 area. It is called the_______of the storm. 
 SSC CGL 24/07/2023( 4th shift) 
 (a) base  (b) focal point 
 (c) eye  (d) trigger point 
 Sol.486.(c)  Eye.  The  eye  of  a  storm  is 
 usually  circular  and  typically  25-40  miles 
 in  diameter.  It  is  surrounded  by  an 
 eyewall,  where  the  most  severe  weather 
 of a cyclone occurs. 
 Q.487.  In  how  many  agro-climatic  zones 
 has Tamil Nadu been classi?ed? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023( 3rd  shift) 
 (a) 3  (b) 9  (c) 7  (d) 5 
 Sol.487.(c)  7  (  North  Eastern  zone,  North 
 Western  zone,  Western  zone,  Cauvery 
 delta  zone,  Southern  zone,  High  rainfall 
 zone,  Hill  and  high  altitude  zone).  India 
 has  15  main  agro-climatic  regions  as 
 Western  Himalayan,  Lower  Gangetic 
 Plain,  Eastern  Plateau  and  hill.  The 
 Climate  of  TamilNadu  is  generally 
 tropical  and  features  hot  temperatures 
 over  the  year  except  during  the  monsoon 
 seasons. 
 Q.488.  According  to  the  traditional  Indian 
 seasons,  which  of  the  following  seasons 
 falls  in  the  months  of  November  - 
 December? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023( 4th shift) 
 (a) Autumn  (b) Shishir 
 (c) Pre-Winter  (d) spring 
 Sol.488.(c)  Pre-Winter.  Seasons  Name  in 
 India:-  Spring:  March  -  April  (Chaitra  - 
 Vaishakh),  Summer:  May  -  June  (Jyestha 
 -  Ashadha),  Monsoon:  July  -  August 
 (Shravan  -  Bhadrapada),  Autumn: 
 September  -  October  (Asvina  -  Kritika), 
 Pre-Winter:  November  -  December 
 (Agrahayana  -  Paush),  Winter:  December 
 - February (Magh - Falgun). 
 Q.489.  Select  the  correct  statement  from 
 the given options. 
 SSC CGL 26/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) There is very little temperature 
 difference between day and night in 
 the coastal areas of Kerala. 
 (b) There is very little temperature 
 difference between day and night 
 In Rajasthan. 
 (c) There is extreme cold in southern 
 India during winter season 
 (d) There is plenty of rain observed in 
 central India throughout the year. 
 Sol.489.(a)  The  coastal  areas  experience 
 a  phenomenon  known  as  the  maritime 
 effect  or  coastal  effect,  which  is 
 responsible  for  the  minimal  temperature 
 difference  between  day  and  night. 
 Factors  contributing  to  this  phenomenon 
 -  Water's  High  Speci?c  Heat  (means  it 
 can  absorb  and  store  large  amounts  of 
 heat  energy  without  a  signi?cant 
 increase  in  temperature),  Moderating 
 In?uence  of  the  Ocean,  Sea  Breezes, 
 Land's Lower Heat Capacity. 
 Q.490.  What  would  happen  if  the 
 difference  in  pressure  in  Tahiti  was 
 negative? 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) Above average late monsoon 
 (b) Drought 
 (c) Below average and late monsoon 
 (d) Above average and early monsoon 
 Sol.490.(c)  The  difference  in  pressure 
 over  Tahiti  (Paci?c  Ocean)  and  Darwin  in 
 Northern  Australia  (Indian  Ocean)  is 
 computed  to  predict  the  intensity  of  the 
 monsoons.  Factors  Affecting  Monsoon  - 
 The  shift  of  the  position  of  Inter  Tropical 
 Convergence  Zone  (ITCZ);  The  presence 
 of  the  high-pressure  area,  east  of 
 Madagascar;  Heating  of  The  Tibetan 
 plateau  in  summers;  The  movement  of 
 the  jet  streams;  Southern  Oscillation  (SO) 
 -  Change  of  pressure  between  south 
 Paci?c Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean. 
 Q.491.  What  type  of  climate  occurs 
 along  the  west  coast  of  continents  in 
 subtropical  latitudes  between  30°-40° 
 latitudes,  covering  Central  California, 
 Central  Chile  along  the  coast  in  South 
 East and South Western Australia? 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) Subtropical steppe climate 
 (b) Humid subtropical climate 
 (c) Mediterranean climate 
 (d) Marine west coast climate 
 Sol.491.(c)  Mediterranean  climate. 
 Types  of  Climates:  Tropical  (India,  Brazil) 
 -  It  is  a  hot  and  humid  zone,  where  the 
 average  temperatures  are  greater  than 
 64°F  (18°C)  year-round  and  more  than  59 
 inches  of  precipitation  each  year.  Dry 
 (West  Africa,  The  Andes)  -  These  climate 
 zones  are  so  dry  because  moisture  is 
 rapidly  evaporating  from  the  air  and  there 
 is  very  little  precipitation.  Temperate 
 (Middle  East,  Canada)  -  In  this  zone,  there 
 are  typically  warm  and  humid  summers 
 with  thunderstorms  and  mild  winters. 
 Continental  (China,  Iran)  -  These  regions 
 have  warm  to  cool  summers  and  very 
 cold  winters.  Polar  (Denmark,  Norway, 
 Finland)  -  In  this  zone,  it’s  extremely  cold. 
 Even  in  summer,  the  temperatures  here 
 never go higher than 50°F (10°C). 
 Q.492.  What  is  the  average  temperature 
 usually in the hills of the western ghats? 
 Matric Level 30/06/2023 (Shift - 3) 
 (a) Above 35°C  (b) Below 15°C 
 (c) Below 25°C  (d) Above 25°C 
 Sol.492.(c)  Below  25°C.  Western  Ghats  - 
 These  are  also  known  as  the  Sahyadri 
 Hills.  It  covers  six  states  -  Gujarat, 
 Maharashtra,  Goa,  Karnataka,  Tamil 
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 Pinnacle  Geography 
 Nadu,  and  Kerala.  It  is  designated  as  a 
 UNESCO  World  Heritage  Site  (2012). 
 Endangered  Species  to  Western  Ghats: 
 Lion  tailed-macaque,  Nilgiri  tahr,  Nilgiri 
 langur.  Passes  in  Western  Ghats:  Thal 
 Ghat  Pass  (Kasara  Ghat),  Bhor  Ghat 
 Pass,  Palakkad  Gap  (Pal  Ghat),  Amba 
 Ghat  Pass,  Naneghat  Pass,  Amboli  Ghat 
 Pass. 
 Q.493.  Which  winds  are  also  known  by 
 the name of 'Roaring Forties'? 
 SSC MTS 11/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Polar easterlies    (b) westerly winds 
 (c) Polar winds           (d) Trade winds 
 Sol.493.(b)  Westerly  Wind  .  The  polar 
 easterlies  are  one  of  the  ?ve  primary 
 wind  zones,  known  as  wind  belts,  that 
 make  up  our  atmosphere's  circulatory 
 system.  Polar  winds  begin  near  the 
 North  and  South  Poles.  The  trade  winds 
 are  air  currents  closer  to  Earth's  surface 
 that  blow  from  east  to  west  near  the 
 equator. 
 Q.494.  Which  among  the  following  wind 
 is  associated  with  extreme  cold  and 
 dryness? 
 SSC MTS 03/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Monsoon Winds   (b) Westerlies 
 (c) Trade Winds  (d) Polar Easterlies 
 Sol.494.(d)  Polar  Easterlies  .  They 
 emanate  from  the  polar  highs,  areas  of 
 high  pressure  around  the  North  and 
 South  Poles.  They  ?ow  to  low-pressure 
 areas  in  sub-polar  regions.  Easterlies 
 (blow  from  the  east)  -  It  is  the  name  of 
 the  permanent  winds  that  come  from  the 
 direction  of  their  origin.  Monsoon  Winds  - 
 They  are  caused  when  the  air  over  land 
 gets  heated  and  rises,  causing  winds  to 
 blow  from  the  ocean  toward  land. 
 Westerlies  -  Prevailing  winds  from  the 
 west  toward  the  east  in  the  middle 
 latitudes.  Trade  Winds  -  The  permanent 
 east-to-west  prevailing  winds  that  ?ow  in 
 the Earth's equatorial region. 
 Q.495.  ENSO  is  the  phenomenon  related 
 to  pressure  conditions.  What  is  the  full 
 form of ENSO ? 
 SSC MTS 12/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) El Nina Southern Occasions 
 (b) El Nino Southern Oscillation 
 (c) El Nino South Occasion 
 (d) El Nina South Oscillations 
 Sol.495.(b)  ENSO  is  an  irregular  periodic 
 variation  in  winds  and  sea  surface 
 temperatures  over  the  tropical  eastern 
 Paci?c  Ocean,  affecting  the  climate  of 
 much of the tropics and subtropics. 
 Q.496.  Seasonal reversal in the wind 
 direction during a year refers to  . 
 SSC MTS 17/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Monsoon  (b) Emission 
 (c) Breeze  (d) Climate 
 Sol.496.(a)  Monsoon  is  derived  from  the 
 Arabic  word  ‘mawsim’  which  means 
 season.  It  travels  from  the  sea  to  the 
 land  in  summers  and  from  land  to  the 
 sea  during  winters.  Branches  of 
 monsoon:  Arabian  Sea  branch  (South  - 
 west  Monsoon)  -  Monsoon  winds 
 originate  over  the  Arabian  Sea.  Bay  of 
 Bengal  branch  -  originate  over  the  bay  of 
 bengal.  Climate  -  Long-term  pattern  of 
 weather  in  a  particular  area.  Breeze  - 
 Wind  that  blows  from  high  to  low 
 -pressure zones. 
 Q.497.  The  weather  pattern  formed  on 
 the  basis  of  weather  data  collected  for  a 
 place over a long period of time, say 25 
 years, is called ____________ of that place. 
 SSC MTS 14/06/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ecology  (b) climate 
 (c) Landforms  (d) environment 
 Sol.497.(b)  Climate.  It  is  determined  by 
 factors  such  as  the  latitude,  altitude,  and 
 proximity  to  the  ocean.  Environment  is 
 the  surroundings  of  an  organism  or 
 population,  including  the  physical  factors 
 and  the  living  things  with  which  it 
 interacts. 
 Q.498.  The  summer  months  experience 
 __________ in the northern part of India. 
 SSC MTS 15/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) rising air pressure 
 (b) falling air pressure 
 (c) decreasing temperature 
 (d) heavy rain 
 Sol.498.(b)  Falling  air  pressure.  An 
 elongated  low-pressure  area  develops  in 
 the  region  extending  from  the  Thar 
 Desert  in  the  northwest  to  Patna  and 
 Chotanagpur  plateau  in  the  east  and 
 southeast  towards  the  end  of  May. 
 Circulation  of  air  begins  to  set  in  around 
 this  trough.  InterTropical  Convergence 
 Zone  (ITCZ)  -  Low  pressure  region 
 around which the southeast trade winds 
 and the northeast trade winds converge. 
 Q.499.  The  day  to  day  condition  of  the 
 atmosphere  at  a  place  with  respect  to 
 the  temperature,  humidity,  rainfall,  wind 
 speed etc. is called _______ at that place. 
 SSC MTS 16/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) climate  (b) weather 
 (c) environment  (d) ecology 
 Sol.499.(b)  Weather.  Climate  -  It  is  the 
 long-term  average  of  weather  conditions, 
 including  temperature,  humidity, 
 precipitation,  wind  patterns,  and  other 
 atmospheric  elements,  in  a  particular 
 region  over  an  extended  period,  typically 
 30 years or more. 
 Q.500  .  Which  of  the  following  pressure 
 belts is known as the horse latitude? 
 SSC CHSL 13/03/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Equatorial Low Pressure 
 (b) Sub - Polar Low Pressure 
 (c) High Pressure 
 (d) Sub - Tropical High Pressure 
 Sol.500.(d)  Subtropical  high  pressure 
 belts  (Horse  latitude)  extend  30°  N  and 
 30°  S.  It  is  formed  because  the  warm  air 
 rising  from  the  equator  moves  towards 
 the  tropics  in  both  hemispheres. 
 Equatorial  Low  -  Pressure  belt  extends 
 from  0  to  5°  North  and  South.  Subpolar 
 low  pressure  belt  extends  around 
 latitudes  60°  to  70°  North  and  South. 
 High  Pressure  belts  are  located  at  70°- 
 90°  North  and  South  latitudes.  There  are 
 majorly  seven  Pressure  Belts  on  the 
 surface  of  Earth  i.e.,  the  Equatorial  Low, 
 two  Subtropical  Highs,  two  Subpolar 
 Lows, and two Polar Highs. 
 Q.501.  When  the  grains  of  sand  are  very 
 ?ne  and  light  ,  the  wind  can  carry  it  over  a 
 very  long  distance  .  When  such  sand  is 
 deposited in large areas, it is called_____. 
 SSC CHSL 13/03/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) loess  (b) moraines 
 (c) mushroom  (d) stacks 
 Sol.501.(a)  Loess.  It  is  a  clastic, 
 predominantly  silt-sized  sediment  that  is 
 formed  by  the  accumulation  of  wind 
 -blown dust. 
 Q.502.  Following  statements  are  made 
 regarding global warming. 
 A.  Global  warming  is  the  long-term 
 heating  of  Earth's  surface  observed  since 
 the  pre-  industrial  period  due  to  human 
 activities,  primarily  fossil  fuel  burning, 
 which  increases  heat-trapping 
 greenhouse gas levels in Earth's 
 atmosphere. 
 B.  Global  warming  causes  climate 
 change,  which  poses  a  serious  threat  to 
 life  on  Earth  in  the  forms  of  widespread 
 ?ooding and extreme weather. 
 Which of these statements are correct? 
 SSC CGL Tier II  06/03/2023 
 (a) Only B         (b) Only A 
 (c) Both A & B (d) Both A & B are incorrect 
 Sol.502.(c)  Both  A  &  B.  Global  warming  : 
 Gradual  increase  in  the  earth’s 
 temperature  generally  due  to  the 
 greenhouse  effect  caused  by  increased 
 levels  of  Carbon  dioxide  (CO 
 2 
 ),  Methane 
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 Pinnacle  Geography 
 (CH 
 4 
 ),  Nitrous  oxide  (N 
 2 
 O).  Industrial 
 gases  :  Hydro?uorocarbons  (HFCs), 
 Per?uorocarbons  (PFCs),  Sulfur 
 hexa?uoride  (SF 
 6 
 ),  Nitrogen  tri?uoride 
 (NF 
 3 
 ). 
 Q.503.  Consider  the  following 
 statements  about  the  main  reasons  for 
 the  excessive  cold  in  north  India  during 
 the  cold  weather  season  and  identify 
 which of the statements are correct. 
 1.  States  like  Punjab,  Haryana  and 
 Rajasthan,  being  far  away  from  the 
 moderating  in?uence  of  sea,  experience 
 continental climate. 
 2.  The  snowfall  in  the  nearby  Himalayan 
 ranges creates a cold wave situation. 
 3.  Around  February,  the  cold  winds 
 coming  from  the  Caspian  Sea  and 
 Turkmenistan  bring  a  cold  wave  along 
 with  frost  and  fog  over  the  northwestern 
 parts of India. 
 SSC CGL Tier II  07/03/2023 
 (a) 1 and 2 only  (b) 2 and 3 only 
 (c) 1, 2 and 3  (d) 1 and 3 only 
 Sol.503.(c)  1,  2  and  3.  Coastal  areas 
 have  moderate  temperatures  because 
 the  land  absorbs  and  radiates  heat  much 
 faster  than  sea.  So,  during  the  day  cool 
 air  from  the  sea  rushes  towards  the  land 
 and  during  the  night  cool  air  from  the 
 land rushes towards the sea. 
 Q.504.  Low  annual  range  of  temperature 
 and  high  annual  rainfall  are 
 characteristics of a _________. 
 SSC CGL 07/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mediterranean climate 
 (b) temperate climate 
 (c) tropical humid climate 
 (d) cold climate 
 Sol.504.(c)  Tropical  Humid  Climate:  Low 
 range  of  temperature,  Rainfall  exceeds 
 evapotranspiration  for  at  least  270  days 
 in  a  year,  between  Tropic  of  Cancer  and 
 Capricorn.  Mediterranean  climate  (hot 
 dry  summers  and  humid,  cool  winters), 
 Temperate  climates  (moderate  rainfall, 
 mild  to  warm  summers,  and  cold 
 winters),  Cold  climate  (the  mean 
 temperature  of  the  warmest  month  is 
 below 10°C). 
 Q.505.  Around  the  time  of  its  arrival,  the 
 normal  rainfall  increases  suddenly  and 
 continues  constantly  for  several  days. 
 This  is  known  as  the  ______  of  the 
 monsoon,  and  can  be  distinguished  from 
 the pre-monsoon showers. 
 SSC CPO 09/11/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) opening          (b) burst 
 (c) thrust              (d) Retreating monsoon 
 Sol.505.(b)  Burst.  It  is  a  sudden  change 
 from  hot  and  dry  to  humid  and  humid 
 weather,  characterized  by  rainfall.  The 
 burst  of  monsoon  is  ?rst  observed  over 
 the  Western  Ghats  of  Kerala,  the  coastal 
 state  of  India,  thus  making  the  region  the 
 ?rst  state  in  India  to  receive  rainfall  from 
 the south-west monsoon. 
 Q.506.  Which  of  the  following  codes 
 signify  the  Cold  Climate  with  Dry  Winters 
 according to Koeppen? 
 SSC CPO 09/11/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) EF  (b) Df  (c) ET  (d) Dw 
 Sol.506.(d)  Dw.  Koeppen  recognised  six 
 major  climatic  groups  based  on 
 seasonal  precipitation  and  temperature 
 patterns.  The  six  main  groups  are  A 
 (tropical),  B  (arid),  C  (temperate),  D 
 (continental), E (polar) and H (highland). 
 Q.507.  The  cold  snow  forest  climate  is 
 found  largely  in  the  continental  region  in 
 the  Northern  Hemisphere 
 between________northern  latitudes  in 
 Europe, Asia and North America 
 SSC CPO 11/11/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) 40°- 70°  (b) 30°- 50° 
 (c) 80°- 110°  (d) 15°- 20° 
 Sol.507.(a)  40°-70°.  India  has  a  tropical 
 climate  because  of  the  Himalayan 
 mountain. 
 Q.508.  In  early  November,  the  low 
 Pressure  conditions  shift  over  the  Bay  of 
 Bengal.  This  transfer  is  related  to 
 cyclonic low pressure, which originates 
 over ________. 
 SSC MTS 13/07/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) Andaman Sea     (b) Sea of   Japan 
 (c) Caspian Sea       (d) Paci?c Ocean 
 Sol.508.(a)  Andaman  Sea  (Burma  sea  in 
 Thai)  is  a  body  of  water  to  the  southeast 
 of  the  Bay  of  Bengal,  south  of  Myanmar, 
 west  of  Thailand  and  east  of  the 
 Andaman  Islands;  it  is  a  part  of  the 
 Indian Ocean. 
 Q.509.  ________  zone  is  generally  de?ned 
 as  an  environment  with  moderate  rainfall 
 throughout  the  year  or  parts  of  the  year, 
 with  sporadic  dry,  mild  to  hot  summers 
 and cool to cold winters. 
 SSC CHSL 01/06/2022(Evening) 
 (a) Temperate  (b) Tropical 
 (c) Dry  (d) Continental 
 Sol.509.(a)  Temperate.  Zones  are 
 divided  according  to  latitude  .  A 
 temperate  zone  is  an  area  or  region 
 between  the  Tropic  of  Cancer  and  the 
 arctic  circle  or  between  the  Tropic  of 
 Capricorn  and  the  antarctic  circle.  The 
 tropical  (Torrid  Zone),  lies  near  the 
 Equator  and  extends  to  the  Tropic  of 
 Cancer  in  the  north  and  the  Tropic  of 
 Capricorn in the south. 
 Q.510.  Which  climate  zone  has  an 
 average  temperature  of  over  64°F  (18°C) 
 throughout  the  year  and  more  than  59 
 inches of rainfall each year? 
 SSC CHSL 02/06/2022(Afternoon) 
 (a) Tropical zone      (b) Temperate zone 
 (c) Dry zone               (d) Continental zone 
 Sol.510.(a)  Tropical  Zone.  The  tropics 
 are  regions  of  the  Earth  that  lie  roughly  in 
 the  middle  of  the  globe.  The  temperature 
 remains  high  throughout  the  year.  There 
 is no marked winter season. 
 Q.511.  What  type  of  climate  do  the  two 
 island  regions  of  India,  Lakshadweep  and 
 Andaman  and  Nicobar  Islands 
 experience? 
 SSC CHSL 06/06/2022(Morning) 
 (a) Humid subtropical climate 
 (b) Hot semi-arid climate 
 (c) Tropical warm climate 
 (d) Subtropical highland climate 
 Sol.511.(c)  Tropical  warm  climates  with 
 average  temperatures  ranging  between 
 27°  C  –  32°  C.  Lakshadweep  (an 
 archipelago  of  36  islands  in  the  Arabian 
 Sea). Hot semi-arid climate -  Thar 
 Desert  . 
 Q.512.  What  type  of  precipitation  is 
 common  at  the  equatorial  depression  in 
 the  Congo  Basin,  the  Amazon  Basin,  and 
 the islands of South-east Asia? 
 SSC CHSL 07/06/2022(Morning) 
 (a) Conventional precipitation 
 (b) Monsoonal precipitation 
 (c) Orographic precipitation 
 (d) Frontal precipitation 
 Sol.512.(a)  Conventional  precipitation 
 occurs  when  the  energy  of  the  sun  (or 
 insolation)  heats  the  earth's  surface  and 
 causes  water  to  evaporate,  changing  to 
 water  vapor.  Most  of  India's  rainfall  is 
 conventional.  It  is  prevalent  in  equatorial 
 regions.  Orographic  precipitation  occurs 
 when  a  topographic  barrier  like  a 
 mountain  blocks  the  path  of  a  movement 
 of  air  horizontally.  Frontal  precipitation 
 occurs  along  the  zone  of  contact 
 between a warm and cool air mass. 
 Q.513.  According  to  Köppen's  climate 
 classi?cation  scheme,  dry  climates  are 
 subdivided  using  the  capital  letter  S  for 
 semi-arid  regions  or  steppe  and  W  for 
 ________ region. 
 SSC CHSL 09/06/2022(Evening) 
 (a) highland  (b) desert 
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 Pinnacle  Geography 
 Sol.473.(c)  Arunachal  Pradesh.  Koeppen 
 identi?ed  a  close  relationship  between 
 the  distribution  of  vegetation  and 
 climate.  He  recognised  ?ve  major 
 climatic  groups,  four  of  them  are  based 
 on  temperature  and  one  on  precipitation. 
 The  capital  letters  :  A,  C,  D,  and  E 
 delineate  humid  climates  and  B  dry 
 climates.  The  small  letters  a,  b,  c,  and  d 
 are  used  to  indicate  the  degree  of 
 temperature  severity.  The  dry  seasons 
 are  indicated  by  the  letters  f,  m,  w,  and  s, 
 where  f  indicates  no  dry  season,  m  - 
 monsoon  climate,  w  -  winter  dry  season, 
 and s - Summer dry season. 
 Q.474.  Which  of  the  following  locations 
 experiences  the  lowest  amount  of  rainfall 
 during the monsoon season ? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Kerala  (b) Assam 
 (c) Leh  (d) Meghalaya 
 Sol.474.(c)  Leh  is  located  in  the  rain 
 shadow  region  of  the  Himalayas,  which 
 means  that  the  mountains  block  the 
 monsoon  winds  from  reaching  this 
 region.  India  mainly  receives  Monsoon 
 rainfall  between  June  and  September. 
 The  average  annual  rainfall  in  India  - 
 about  125  cm.  Mawsynram  (Meghalaya) 
 in  the  Khasi  hills  receives  the  highest 
 rainfall  in  a  year.  Lowest  rainfall  - 
 Jaisalmer (Rajasthan). 
 Q.475.  In  which  of  the  following  states  of 
 India  the  'Loo'  wind  does  NOT  blow 
 during the summer season? 
 SSC MTS 01/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Punjab  (b) Rajasthan 
 (c) Goa  (d) Haryana 
 Sol.475.(c)  Goa.  Loo  -  These  are  hot  and 
 dry  winds,  which  blow  very  strongly  over 
 the  northern  plains  of  India  and  Pakistan 
 in  the  months  of  May  and  June.  Their 
 direction  is  usually  from  west  to  east. 
 Their  temperature  varies  from  45°C  to 
 50°C.  Hot  and  dry  winds  in  other  regions 
 and  their  names  :  Western  North  America 
 -  Chinook,  parts  of  the  Mediterranean 
 area  -  Sirocco,  northern  slopes  of  the 
 Alps - Foehn. 
 Q.476.  What  is  the  usual  term  used  to 
 describe the climate of India? 
 SSC MTS 04/09/2023 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Polar climate  (b) Tropical monsoon 
 (c) Desert climate  (d) Arid climate 
 Sol.476.(b)  Tropical  monsoon  .  A 
 monsoon  is  a  seasonal  change  in  the 
 direction  of  the  prevailing,  or  strongest, 
 winds  of  a  region.  It  always  blows  from 
 cold  to  warm  regions.  The  Indian 
 Meteorological  Department  (IMD) 
 designates  four  o?cial  seasons:  Winter 
 (December  to  early  April);  Summer  or 
 pre-monsoon  (April  to  June);  Monsoon  or 
 rainy  (June  to  September)  and 
 Post-monsoon (October to December). 
 Q.477.  What is 'Mahawat' in India? 
 SSC MTS 06/09/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Cold waves during the winter season 
 (b) Cloud burst during the monsoon 
 season 
 (c) Cyclonic rainfall during the winter 
 season 
 (d) Hot and dry winds during the summer 
 season 
 Sol.477.(c)  Mahawat  is  the  total  amount 
 of  rainfall  in  the  cold  weather  season, 
 that  is  the  winter  season  which  is  caused 
 by  the  western  cyclonic  disturbances  in 
 the  north  and  north  -western  part  of 
 India. 
 Q.478.  According  to  the  Koppen 
 classi?cation,  which  letter  code 
 represents  a  tropical  climate  with  dry 
 winter  seasons  found  in  large  parts  of 
 peninsular  India  south  of  the  Tropic  of 
 Cancer? 
 SSC CHSL 03/08/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) BWk   (b) Aw   (c) CWh  (d) Dw 
 Sol.478.(b)  Aw.  Koppen  Classi?cation:  It 
 was  developed  by  Wladimir  Peter 
 Koeppen  in  1884.  The  ?ve  main  groups 
 are  A  (tropical),  B  (dry  climates),  C  (warm 
 temperate),  D  (continental),  and  E  (polar). 
 The  seasons  of  dryness  are  indicated  by 
 the  small  letters:  f  (no  dry  season),  m 
 (monsoon  climate),  w  (winter  dry 
 season)  and  s  (summer  dry  season). 
 Climatic  Regions  of  India:  Amw,  As,  Aw, 
 BShw, BWhw, Cwg, Dfc, Et, E. 
 Q.479.  The  target  for  the  ?rst 
 commitment  period  of  the  Kyoto 
 Protocol  is  to  reduce  emissions  of 
 greenhouse  gasses  by  5.2%  from  1990 
 levels? 
 SSC CHSL 04/08/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) 6  (b) 10  (c) 8  (d) 7 
 Sol.479.(a)  6.  Kyoto  Protocol:  It  was 
 adopted  on  11  December  1997  and 
 entered  into  force  on  16  February  2005.  It 
 was  adopted  in  Kyoto,  Japan.  It  was  the 
 result  of  the  Rio-1992  and  the  United 
 Nations  Framework  Convention  on 
 Climate  Change  (UNFCCC).  Kyoto 
 Protocol  cover  emissions  of  the  six  main 
 greenhouse  gases  (Carbon  dioxide  (CO 
 2 
 ), 
 methane  (CH 
 4 
 ),  nitrous  oxide  (N 
 2 
 O), 
 hydro?uorocarbons  (HFCs), 
 per?uorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur 
 hexa?uoride (SF 
 6 
 )) 
 Q.480.  Which  of  the  following  is  NOT  one 
 of  the  factors  that  has  contributed 
 towards  localisation  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry in India? 
 SSC CHSL 07/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Dry climate 
 (b) Accessible port facilities 
 (c) Availability of labor 
 (d) Availability of raw cotton 
 Sol.480.(a)  Dry  Climate.  Black  soil  is 
 best  suited  for  the  cultivation  of  the 
 cotton.  Other  factors  of  the  cotton  textile 
 industry:  Market,  Climate,  Power 
 Resources.  The  ?rst  modern  cotton  mill 
 in  India  was  started  in  1854  (Bombay). 
 Mumbai  is  the  cottonopolis  of  India. 
 Ahmedabad  (Gujarat)  is  called 
 'Manchester of India'. 
 Q.481.  In  the  context  of  mapping  climate 
 data,  what  term  refers  to  a  line  drawn 
 through  all  points  on  a  map  that  contain 
 the same amount of cloud? 
 SSC CHSL 10/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Isohels  (b) Isocheim 
 (c) Isonephs  (d) Isochalaz 
 Sol.481.(c)  Isonephs.  Isocheim  -  A  line 
 on  a  map  connecting  points  having  the 
 same  average  temperature  in  winter. 
 Isohel  -  A  line  on  a  map  connecting 
 points  having  the  same  duration  of 
 sunshine.  Isochalaz  -  A  line  of  constant 
 frequency of hail storms. 
 Q.482.  What  is  the  phenomenon  called 
 when  rain  fails  to  occur  for  one  or  more 
 weeks  during  the  south-west  monsoon 
 period ? 
 SSC CHSL 14/08/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Withdrawal of the monsoon 
 (b) Break in the monsoon 
 (c) El Nino 
 (d) Monsoon depression 
 Sol.482.(b)  Break  in  the  monsoon.  The 
 southwest  monsoon  season  -  Rainfall 
 received  from  the  southwest  monsoons 
 is  seasonal  in  character,  which  occurs 
 between  June  and  September.  The 
 North-East  Monsoons  (retreating 
 monsoon)  -  The  months  of  October  and 
 November.  This  monsoon  is  limited  to 
 south  India,  bringing  rain  to  Tamil  Nadu, 
 Puducherry,  Karaikal,  Yanam,  Andhra 
 Pradesh, Kerala, Mahe. 
 Q.483.  According  to  Koeppen's  Scheme, 
 which  type  of  climate  is  denoted  by  'Cwg' 
 in India? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Monsoon with dry winter 
 (b) Semi-arid steppe climate 
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 (c) Polar type 
 (d) Monsoon with dry summer 
 Sol.483.(a)  Monsoon  with  dry  winter  -  It 
 is  mostly  found  in  the  Ganga  Plain, 
 eastern  Rajasthan,  Assam,  and  the 
 Malwa  Plateau.  Amw  (Monsoon  type 
 with  a  short  dry  winter  season):  This 
 climate  is  found  in  the  western  coastal 
 region,  south  of  Mumbai.  List  of  climatic 
 groups  and  their  characteristics 
 according  to  Koeppen:  A  -  Tropical,  B  - 
 Dry  Climates,  C  -  Warm  Temperate,  D  - 
 Cold  Snow  Forest  Climates,  E  -  Cold 
 Climates, H - Highland. 
 Q.484.  Which  of  the  following  is 
 incorrectly matched? 
 SSC CGL 18/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) Montane climate - Uttar Pradesh, 
 Bihar and Jharkhand 
 (b) Tropical monsoon climate - The 
 Western Ghats, the Malabar Coast 
 And Southern Assam 
 (c) Tropical semi-arid (steppe) climate - 
 Karnataka, central Maharashtra, some 
 parts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra 
 Pradesh 
 (d) Hot desserts, arid climate - rajasthan 
 and some parts of Gujarat 
 Sol.484.(a)  Montane  climate  -  Found  in 
 Assam,  Nagaland,  Mizoram,  Meghalaya, 
 Manipur,  Arunachal  Pradesh,  Higher  hills 
 of Tamil Nadu. 
 Q.485  .  Where  does  the  Bay  of  Bengal 
 Monsoon  Branch  and  Arabian  Sea 
 Branch merge? 
 SSC CGL 20/07/2023 (2nd shift) 
 (a) Southern Part of Peninsular 
 (b) Coromandel Coast 
 (c) North Western Part of Ganga Plains 
 (d) North of Deccan Plateau 
 Sol.485.(c)  North  Western  Part  of  Ganga 
 Plains  (The  Punjab  and  adjoining 
 Himalayas)  .  South  West  Monsoon 
 Season  -  June  to  mid  September.  It  is 
 also  known  as  a  hot-wet  season  .  Tamil 
 Nadu,  the  rain  shadow  area  of  the 
 western  ghats,  receives  a  small  amount 
 of  its  annual  rainfall  from  the  southwest 
 monsoon.  North-East  Monsoon  : 
 (October  to  December)  Coromandel  and 
 Rayalaseema  receive  the  majority  of  their 
 rainfall. 
 Q.486.  The  centre  of  a  cyclone  is  a  calm 
 area. It is called the_______of the storm. 
 SSC CGL 24/07/2023( 4th shift) 
 (a) base  (b) focal point 
 (c) eye  (d) trigger point 
 Sol.486.(c)  Eye.  The  eye  of  a  storm  is 
 usually  circular  and  typically  25-40  miles 
 in  diameter.  It  is  surrounded  by  an 
 eyewall,  where  the  most  severe  weather 
 of a cyclone occurs. 
 Q.487.  In  how  many  agro-climatic  zones 
 has Tamil Nadu been classi?ed? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023( 3rd  shift) 
 (a) 3  (b) 9  (c) 7  (d) 5 
 Sol.487.(c)  7  (  North  Eastern  zone,  North 
 Western  zone,  Western  zone,  Cauvery 
 delta  zone,  Southern  zone,  High  rainfall 
 zone,  Hill  and  high  altitude  zone).  India 
 has  15  main  agro-climatic  regions  as 
 Western  Himalayan,  Lower  Gangetic 
 Plain,  Eastern  Plateau  and  hill.  The 
 Climate  of  TamilNadu  is  generally 
 tropical  and  features  hot  temperatures 
 over  the  year  except  during  the  monsoon 
 seasons. 
 Q.488.  According  to  the  traditional  Indian 
 seasons,  which  of  the  following  seasons 
 falls  in  the  months  of  November  - 
 December? 
 SSC CGL 25/07/2023( 4th shift) 
 (a) Autumn  (b) Shishir 
 (c) Pre-Winter  (d) spring 
 Sol.488.(c)  Pre-Winter.  Seasons  Name  in 
 India:-  Spring:  March  -  April  (Chaitra  - 
 Vaishakh),  Summer:  May  -  June  (Jyestha 
 -  Ashadha),  Monsoon:  July  -  August 
 (Shravan  -  Bhadrapada),  Autumn: 
 September  -  October  (Asvina  -  Kritika), 
 Pre-Winter:  November  -  December 
 (Agrahayana  -  Paush),  Winter:  December 
 - February (Magh - Falgun). 
 Q.489.  Select  the  correct  statement  from 
 the given options. 
 SSC CGL 26/07/2023 (4th shift) 
 (a) There is very little temperature 
 difference between day and night in 
 the coastal areas of Kerala. 
 (b) There is very little temperature 
 difference between day and night 
 In Rajasthan. 
 (c) There is extreme cold in southern 
 India during winter season 
 (d) There is plenty of rain observed in 
 central India throughout the year. 
 Sol.489.(a)  The  coastal  areas  experience 
 a  phenomenon  known  as  the  maritime 
 effect  or  coastal  effect,  which  is 
 responsible  for  the  minimal  temperature 
 difference  between  day  and  night. 
 Factors  contributing  to  this  phenomenon 
 -  Water's  High  Speci?c  Heat  (means  it 
 can  absorb  and  store  large  amounts  of 
 heat  energy  without  a  signi?cant 
 increase  in  temperature),  Moderating 
 In?uence  of  the  Ocean,  Sea  Breezes, 
 Land's Lower Heat Capacity. 
 Q.490.  What  would  happen  if  the 
 difference  in  pressure  in  Tahiti  was 
 negative? 
 SSC CGL 27/07/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) Above average late monsoon 
 (b) Drought 
 (c) Below average and late monsoon 
 (d) Above average and early monsoon 
 Sol.490.(c)  The  difference  in  pressure 
 over  Tahiti  (Paci?c  Ocean)  and  Darwin  in 
 Northern  Australia  (Indian  Ocean)  is 
 computed  to  predict  the  intensity  of  the 
 monsoons.  Factors  Affecting  Monsoon  - 
 The  shift  of  the  position  of  Inter  Tropical 
 Convergence  Zone  (ITCZ);  The  presence 
 of  the  high-pressure  area,  east  of 
 Madagascar;  Heating  of  The  Tibetan 
 plateau  in  summers;  The  movement  of 
 the  jet  streams;  Southern  Oscillation  (SO) 
 -  Change  of  pressure  between  south 
 Paci?c Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean. 
 Q.491.  What  type  of  climate  occurs 
 along  the  west  coast  of  continents  in 
 subtropical  latitudes  between  30°-40° 
 latitudes,  covering  Central  California, 
 Central  Chile  along  the  coast  in  South 
 East and South Western Australia? 
 Matric Level 28/06/2023 (Shift - 4) 
 (a) Subtropical steppe climate 
 (b) Humid subtropical climate 
 (c) Mediterranean climate 
 (d) Marine west coast climate 
 Sol.491.(c)  Mediterranean  climate. 
 Types  of  Climates:  Tropical  (India,  Brazil) 
 -  It  is  a  hot  and  humid  zone,  where  the 
 average  temperatures  are  greater  than 
 64°F  (18°C)  year-round  and  more  than  59 
 inches  of  precipitation  each  year.  Dry 
 (West  Africa,  The  Andes)  -  These  climate 
 zones  are  so  dry  because  moisture  is 
 rapidly  evaporating  from  the  air  and  there 
 is  very  little  precipitation.  Temperate 
 (Middle  East,  Canada)  -  In  this  zone,  there 
 are  typically  warm  and  humid  summers 
 with  thunderstorms  and  mild  winters. 
 Continental  (China,  Iran)  -  These  regions 
 have  warm  to  cool  summers  and  very 
 cold  winters.  Polar  (Denmark,  Norway, 
 Finland)  -  In  this  zone,  it’s  extremely  cold. 
 Even  in  summer,  the  temperatures  here 
 never go higher than 50°F (10°C). 
 Q.492.  What  is  the  average  temperature 
 usually in the hills of the western ghats? 
 Matric Level 30/06/2023 (Shift - 3) 
 (a) Above 35°C  (b) Below 15°C 
 (c) Below 25°C  (d) Above 25°C 
 Sol.492.(c)  Below  25°C.  Western  Ghats  - 
 These  are  also  known  as  the  Sahyadri 
 Hills.  It  covers  six  states  -  Gujarat, 
 Maharashtra,  Goa,  Karnataka,  Tamil 
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 Pinnacle  Geography 
 Nadu,  and  Kerala.  It  is  designated  as  a 
 UNESCO  World  Heritage  Site  (2012). 
 Endangered  Species  to  Western  Ghats: 
 Lion  tailed-macaque,  Nilgiri  tahr,  Nilgiri 
 langur.  Passes  in  Western  Ghats:  Thal 
 Ghat  Pass  (Kasara  Ghat),  Bhor  Ghat 
 Pass,  Palakkad  Gap  (Pal  Ghat),  Amba 
 Ghat  Pass,  Naneghat  Pass,  Amboli  Ghat 
 Pass. 
 Q.493.  Which  winds  are  also  known  by 
 the name of 'Roaring Forties'? 
 SSC MTS 11/07/2022 (Evening) 
 (a) Polar easterlies    (b) westerly winds 
 (c) Polar winds           (d) Trade winds 
 Sol.493.(b)  Westerly  Wind  .  The  polar 
 easterlies  are  one  of  the  ?ve  primary 
 wind  zones,  known  as  wind  belts,  that 
 make  up  our  atmosphere's  circulatory 
 system.  Polar  winds  begin  near  the 
 North  and  South  Poles.  The  trade  winds 
 are  air  currents  closer  to  Earth's  surface 
 that  blow  from  east  to  west  near  the 
 equator. 
 Q.494.  Which  among  the  following  wind 
 is  associated  with  extreme  cold  and 
 dryness? 
 SSC MTS 03/05/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Monsoon Winds   (b) Westerlies 
 (c) Trade Winds  (d) Polar Easterlies 
 Sol.494.(d)  Polar  Easterlies  .  They 
 emanate  from  the  polar  highs,  areas  of 
 high  pressure  around  the  North  and 
 South  Poles.  They  ?ow  to  low-pressure 
 areas  in  sub-polar  regions.  Easterlies 
 (blow  from  the  east)  -  It  is  the  name  of 
 the  permanent  winds  that  come  from  the 
 direction  of  their  origin.  Monsoon  Winds  - 
 They  are  caused  when  the  air  over  land 
 gets  heated  and  rises,  causing  winds  to 
 blow  from  the  ocean  toward  land. 
 Westerlies  -  Prevailing  winds  from  the 
 west  toward  the  east  in  the  middle 
 latitudes.  Trade  Winds  -  The  permanent 
 east-to-west  prevailing  winds  that  ?ow  in 
 the Earth's equatorial region. 
 Q.495.  ENSO  is  the  phenomenon  related 
 to  pressure  conditions.  What  is  the  full 
 form of ENSO ? 
 SSC MTS 12/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) El Nina Southern Occasions 
 (b) El Nino Southern Oscillation 
 (c) El Nino South Occasion 
 (d) El Nina South Oscillations 
 Sol.495.(b)  ENSO  is  an  irregular  periodic 
 variation  in  winds  and  sea  surface 
 temperatures  over  the  tropical  eastern 
 Paci?c  Ocean,  affecting  the  climate  of 
 much of the tropics and subtropics. 
 Q.496.  Seasonal reversal in the wind 
 direction during a year refers to  . 
 SSC MTS 17/05/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Monsoon  (b) Emission 
 (c) Breeze  (d) Climate 
 Sol.496.(a)  Monsoon  is  derived  from  the 
 Arabic  word  ‘mawsim’  which  means 
 season.  It  travels  from  the  sea  to  the 
 land  in  summers  and  from  land  to  the 
 sea  during  winters.  Branches  of 
 monsoon:  Arabian  Sea  branch  (South  - 
 west  Monsoon)  -  Monsoon  winds 
 originate  over  the  Arabian  Sea.  Bay  of 
 Bengal  branch  -  originate  over  the  bay  of 
 bengal.  Climate  -  Long-term  pattern  of 
 weather  in  a  particular  area.  Breeze  - 
 Wind  that  blows  from  high  to  low 
 -pressure zones. 
 Q.497.  The  weather  pattern  formed  on 
 the  basis  of  weather  data  collected  for  a 
 place over a long period of time, say 25 
 years, is called ____________ of that place. 
 SSC MTS 14/06/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Ecology  (b) climate 
 (c) Landforms  (d) environment 
 Sol.497.(b)  Climate.  It  is  determined  by 
 factors  such  as  the  latitude,  altitude,  and 
 proximity  to  the  ocean.  Environment  is 
 the  surroundings  of  an  organism  or 
 population,  including  the  physical  factors 
 and  the  living  things  with  which  it 
 interacts. 
 Q.498.  The  summer  months  experience 
 __________ in the northern part of India. 
 SSC MTS 15/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) rising air pressure 
 (b) falling air pressure 
 (c) decreasing temperature 
 (d) heavy rain 
 Sol.498.(b)  Falling  air  pressure.  An 
 elongated  low-pressure  area  develops  in 
 the  region  extending  from  the  Thar 
 Desert  in  the  northwest  to  Patna  and 
 Chotanagpur  plateau  in  the  east  and 
 southeast  towards  the  end  of  May. 
 Circulation  of  air  begins  to  set  in  around 
 this  trough.  InterTropical  Convergence 
 Zone  (ITCZ)  -  Low  pressure  region 
 around which the southeast trade winds 
 and the northeast trade winds converge. 
 Q.499.  The  day  to  day  condition  of  the 
 atmosphere  at  a  place  with  respect  to 
 the  temperature,  humidity,  rainfall,  wind 
 speed etc. is called _______ at that place. 
 SSC MTS 16/06/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) climate  (b) weather 
 (c) environment  (d) ecology 
 Sol.499.(b)  Weather.  Climate  -  It  is  the 
 long-term  average  of  weather  conditions, 
 including  temperature,  humidity, 
 precipitation,  wind  patterns,  and  other 
 atmospheric  elements,  in  a  particular 
 region  over  an  extended  period,  typically 
 30 years or more. 
 Q.500  .  Which  of  the  following  pressure 
 belts is known as the horse latitude? 
 SSC CHSL 13/03/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) Equatorial Low Pressure 
 (b) Sub - Polar Low Pressure 
 (c) High Pressure 
 (d) Sub - Tropical High Pressure 
 Sol.500.(d)  Subtropical  high  pressure 
 belts  (Horse  latitude)  extend  30°  N  and 
 30°  S.  It  is  formed  because  the  warm  air 
 rising  from  the  equator  moves  towards 
 the  tropics  in  both  hemispheres. 
 Equatorial  Low  -  Pressure  belt  extends 
 from  0  to  5°  North  and  South.  Subpolar 
 low  pressure  belt  extends  around 
 latitudes  60°  to  70°  North  and  South. 
 High  Pressure  belts  are  located  at  70°- 
 90°  North  and  South  latitudes.  There  are 
 majorly  seven  Pressure  Belts  on  the 
 surface  of  Earth  i.e.,  the  Equatorial  Low, 
 two  Subtropical  Highs,  two  Subpolar 
 Lows, and two Polar Highs. 
 Q.501.  When  the  grains  of  sand  are  very 
 ?ne  and  light  ,  the  wind  can  carry  it  over  a 
 very  long  distance  .  When  such  sand  is 
 deposited in large areas, it is called_____. 
 SSC CHSL 13/03/2023 (2nd Shift) 
 (a) loess  (b) moraines 
 (c) mushroom  (d) stacks 
 Sol.501.(a)  Loess.  It  is  a  clastic, 
 predominantly  silt-sized  sediment  that  is 
 formed  by  the  accumulation  of  wind 
 -blown dust. 
 Q.502.  Following  statements  are  made 
 regarding global warming. 
 A.  Global  warming  is  the  long-term 
 heating  of  Earth's  surface  observed  since 
 the  pre-  industrial  period  due  to  human 
 activities,  primarily  fossil  fuel  burning, 
 which  increases  heat-trapping 
 greenhouse gas levels in Earth's 
 atmosphere. 
 B.  Global  warming  causes  climate 
 change,  which  poses  a  serious  threat  to 
 life  on  Earth  in  the  forms  of  widespread 
 ?ooding and extreme weather. 
 Which of these statements are correct? 
 SSC CGL Tier II  06/03/2023 
 (a) Only B         (b) Only A 
 (c) Both A & B (d) Both A & B are incorrect 
 Sol.502.(c)  Both  A  &  B.  Global  warming  : 
 Gradual  increase  in  the  earth’s 
 temperature  generally  due  to  the 
 greenhouse  effect  caused  by  increased 
 levels  of  Carbon  dioxide  (CO 
 2 
 ),  Methane 
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 (CH 
 4 
 ),  Nitrous  oxide  (N 
 2 
 O).  Industrial 
 gases  :  Hydro?uorocarbons  (HFCs), 
 Per?uorocarbons  (PFCs),  Sulfur 
 hexa?uoride  (SF 
 6 
 ),  Nitrogen  tri?uoride 
 (NF 
 3 
 ). 
 Q.503.  Consider  the  following 
 statements  about  the  main  reasons  for 
 the  excessive  cold  in  north  India  during 
 the  cold  weather  season  and  identify 
 which of the statements are correct. 
 1.  States  like  Punjab,  Haryana  and 
 Rajasthan,  being  far  away  from  the 
 moderating  in?uence  of  sea,  experience 
 continental climate. 
 2.  The  snowfall  in  the  nearby  Himalayan 
 ranges creates a cold wave situation. 
 3.  Around  February,  the  cold  winds 
 coming  from  the  Caspian  Sea  and 
 Turkmenistan  bring  a  cold  wave  along 
 with  frost  and  fog  over  the  northwestern 
 parts of India. 
 SSC CGL Tier II  07/03/2023 
 (a) 1 and 2 only  (b) 2 and 3 only 
 (c) 1, 2 and 3  (d) 1 and 3 only 
 Sol.503.(c)  1,  2  and  3.  Coastal  areas 
 have  moderate  temperatures  because 
 the  land  absorbs  and  radiates  heat  much 
 faster  than  sea.  So,  during  the  day  cool 
 air  from  the  sea  rushes  towards  the  land 
 and  during  the  night  cool  air  from  the 
 land rushes towards the sea. 
 Q.504.  Low  annual  range  of  temperature 
 and  high  annual  rainfall  are 
 characteristics of a _________. 
 SSC CGL 07/12/2022 (3rd Shift) 
 (a) Mediterranean climate 
 (b) temperate climate 
 (c) tropical humid climate 
 (d) cold climate 
 Sol.504.(c)  Tropical  Humid  Climate:  Low 
 range  of  temperature,  Rainfall  exceeds 
 evapotranspiration  for  at  least  270  days 
 in  a  year,  between  Tropic  of  Cancer  and 
 Capricorn.  Mediterranean  climate  (hot 
 dry  summers  and  humid,  cool  winters), 
 Temperate  climates  (moderate  rainfall, 
 mild  to  warm  summers,  and  cold 
 winters),  Cold  climate  (the  mean 
 temperature  of  the  warmest  month  is 
 below 10°C). 
 Q.505.  Around  the  time  of  its  arrival,  the 
 normal  rainfall  increases  suddenly  and 
 continues  constantly  for  several  days. 
 This  is  known  as  the  ______  of  the 
 monsoon,  and  can  be  distinguished  from 
 the pre-monsoon showers. 
 SSC CPO 09/11/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) opening          (b) burst 
 (c) thrust              (d) Retreating monsoon 
 Sol.505.(b)  Burst.  It  is  a  sudden  change 
 from  hot  and  dry  to  humid  and  humid 
 weather,  characterized  by  rainfall.  The 
 burst  of  monsoon  is  ?rst  observed  over 
 the  Western  Ghats  of  Kerala,  the  coastal 
 state  of  India,  thus  making  the  region  the 
 ?rst  state  in  India  to  receive  rainfall  from 
 the south-west monsoon. 
 Q.506.  Which  of  the  following  codes 
 signify  the  Cold  Climate  with  Dry  Winters 
 according to Koeppen? 
 SSC CPO 09/11/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) EF  (b) Df  (c) ET  (d) Dw 
 Sol.506.(d)  Dw.  Koeppen  recognised  six 
 major  climatic  groups  based  on 
 seasonal  precipitation  and  temperature 
 patterns.  The  six  main  groups  are  A 
 (tropical),  B  (arid),  C  (temperate),  D 
 (continental), E (polar) and H (highland). 
 Q.507.  The  cold  snow  forest  climate  is 
 found  largely  in  the  continental  region  in 
 the  Northern  Hemisphere 
 between________northern  latitudes  in 
 Europe, Asia and North America 
 SSC CPO 11/11/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) 40°- 70°  (b) 30°- 50° 
 (c) 80°- 110°  (d) 15°- 20° 
 Sol.507.(a)  40°-70°.  India  has  a  tropical 
 climate  because  of  the  Himalayan 
 mountain. 
 Q.508.  In  early  November,  the  low 
 Pressure  conditions  shift  over  the  Bay  of 
 Bengal.  This  transfer  is  related  to 
 cyclonic low pressure, which originates 
 over ________. 
 SSC MTS 13/07/2022 (Morning) 
 (a) Andaman Sea     (b) Sea of   Japan 
 (c) Caspian Sea       (d) Paci?c Ocean 
 Sol.508.(a)  Andaman  Sea  (Burma  sea  in 
 Thai)  is  a  body  of  water  to  the  southeast 
 of  the  Bay  of  Bengal,  south  of  Myanmar, 
 west  of  Thailand  and  east  of  the 
 Andaman  Islands;  it  is  a  part  of  the 
 Indian Ocean. 
 Q.509.  ________  zone  is  generally  de?ned 
 as  an  environment  with  moderate  rainfall 
 throughout  the  year  or  parts  of  the  year, 
 with  sporadic  dry,  mild  to  hot  summers 
 and cool to cold winters. 
 SSC CHSL 01/06/2022(Evening) 
 (a) Temperate  (b) Tropical 
 (c) Dry  (d) Continental 
 Sol.509.(a)  Temperate.  Zones  are 
 divided  according  to  latitude  .  A 
 temperate  zone  is  an  area  or  region 
 between  the  Tropic  of  Cancer  and  the 
 arctic  circle  or  between  the  Tropic  of 
 Capricorn  and  the  antarctic  circle.  The 
 tropical  (Torrid  Zone),  lies  near  the 
 Equator  and  extends  to  the  Tropic  of 
 Cancer  in  the  north  and  the  Tropic  of 
 Capricorn in the south. 
 Q.510.  Which  climate  zone  has  an 
 average  temperature  of  over  64°F  (18°C) 
 throughout  the  year  and  more  than  59 
 inches of rainfall each year? 
 SSC CHSL 02/06/2022(Afternoon) 
 (a) Tropical zone      (b) Temperate zone 
 (c) Dry zone               (d) Continental zone 
 Sol.510.(a)  Tropical  Zone.  The  tropics 
 are  regions  of  the  Earth  that  lie  roughly  in 
 the  middle  of  the  globe.  The  temperature 
 remains  high  throughout  the  year.  There 
 is no marked winter season. 
 Q.511.  What  type  of  climate  do  the  two 
 island  regions  of  India,  Lakshadweep  and 
 Andaman  and  Nicobar  Islands 
 experience? 
 SSC CHSL 06/06/2022(Morning) 
 (a) Humid subtropical climate 
 (b) Hot semi-arid climate 
 (c) Tropical warm climate 
 (d) Subtropical highland climate 
 Sol.511.(c)  Tropical  warm  climates  with 
 average  temperatures  ranging  between 
 27°  C  –  32°  C.  Lakshadweep  (an 
 archipelago  of  36  islands  in  the  Arabian 
 Sea). Hot semi-arid climate -  Thar 
 Desert  . 
 Q.512.  What  type  of  precipitation  is 
 common  at  the  equatorial  depression  in 
 the  Congo  Basin,  the  Amazon  Basin,  and 
 the islands of South-east Asia? 
 SSC CHSL 07/06/2022(Morning) 
 (a) Conventional precipitation 
 (b) Monsoonal precipitation 
 (c) Orographic precipitation 
 (d) Frontal precipitation 
 Sol.512.(a)  Conventional  precipitation 
 occurs  when  the  energy  of  the  sun  (or 
 insolation)  heats  the  earth's  surface  and 
 causes  water  to  evaporate,  changing  to 
 water  vapor.  Most  of  India's  rainfall  is 
 conventional.  It  is  prevalent  in  equatorial 
 regions.  Orographic  precipitation  occurs 
 when  a  topographic  barrier  like  a 
 mountain  blocks  the  path  of  a  movement 
 of  air  horizontally.  Frontal  precipitation 
 occurs  along  the  zone  of  contact 
 between a warm and cool air mass. 
 Q.513.  According  to  Köppen's  climate 
 classi?cation  scheme,  dry  climates  are 
 subdivided  using  the  capital  letter  S  for 
 semi-arid  regions  or  steppe  and  W  for 
 ________ region. 
 SSC CHSL 09/06/2022(Evening) 
 (a) highland  (b) desert 
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 (c) winter dry  (d) wet 
 Sol.513.(b)  desert.  The  seasons  of 
 dryness  are  indicated  by  the  small  letters 
 :  f,  m,  w  and  s,  where  f  corresponds  to  no 
 dry  season,  m  -  Monsoon  climate,  w- 
 winter  dry  season  and  s  -  Summer  dry 
 season. 
 Q.514.  __  is  concerned  with  constructing 
 records  of  past  climates  and  climatic 
 events  by  analysis  of  tree  growth 
 characteristics, especially growth rings. 
 SSC CGL 12/04/2022(Afternoon) 
 (a) Bioclimatology 
 (b) Historical- climatology 
 (c) Geo climatology 
 (d) Dendroclimatology 
 Sol.514.(d)  Dendroclimatology  . 
 Bioclimatology  (biometeorology)  is  the 
 study  of  the  relationships  between 
 climate  (weather)  and  living  organisms. 
 Historical  climatology  is  the  study  of 
 historical  changes  in  climate  and  their 
 effect  on  civilization  from  the  emergence 
 of  hominids  to  the  present  day.  Geo 
 climatology  is  the  study  of  climate  which 
 de?nes how it changes over time. 
 Industries 
 Q.515.  Which  of  the  following  is  the  only 
 vertically-integrated,  primary  copper 
 producer in India ? 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Sterlite Industries 
 (b) Jhagadia Copper Limited 
 (c) Hindalco Industries (Birla Copper) 
 (d) Hindustan Copper Limited 
 Sol.515.(d)  Hindustan  Copper  Limited  .  It 
 is  a  public  sector  undertaking  under  the 
 Ministry  of  Mines.  The  company  was 
 incorporated  on  9th  November  1967, 
 under  the  Companies  Act,  1956. 
 Headquarter  -  Kolkata.  Important  Copper 
 Project  of  HCL  -  Malanjkhand  Copper 
 Project  (Madhya  Pradesh),  Taloja  Copper 
 Project  (Maharashtra),  Gujarat  Copper 
 Project (Jhagadia, Gujarat). 
 Q.516.  At  which  of  the  following  places 
 was  the  shipbuilding  industry  started  in 
 1941? 
 SSC Stenographer 12/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Damodar  (b) Vishakhapatnam 
 (c) Eluru  (d) Kurnool 
 Sol.516.(b)  Visakhapatnam.  Hindustan 
 Shipyard  Limited  (Visakhapatnam)  :  It 
 was  set  up  by  Scindia  Steam  Navigation 
 Company  and  the  ?rst  ship  was  launched 
 in  1948.  It  was  taken  over  by  the 
 Government  in  1952  and  was  renamed 
 as  Hindustan  Shipyard  Ltd.  In  1962,  the 
 shipyard  became  a  central  public  sector 
 enterprise.  Cochin  Shipyard  Limited 
 (Kochi)  -  Incorporated  in  1972  as  a 
 company fully owned by the Government. 
 Q.517.  When  was  the  cement  industry  in 
 India totally decontrolled ? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Morning) 
 (a) 1989   (b) 1991   (c) 1980   (d) 1982 
 Sol.517.(a)  1989.  The  Indian  cement 
 industry  is  the  largest  cement  producing 
 country  in  the  world,  next  only  to  China. 
 The  ?rst  cement  company  became 
 operational  in  Porbandar,  Gujarat  with  a 
 capacity  of  10,000  tons  in  1914.  The 
 industry  decelerated  in  1991.  Types  of 
 cement  manufacturing  process:  Wet 
 Process,  Dry  Process.  Satna  in  Madhya 
 Pradesh  is  known  as  the  cement  city  of 
 India. 
 Q.518.  At  which  of  the  following  places 
 did  the  Indian  Iron  and  Steel  Company 
 set up its ?rst factory? 
 SSC Stenographer 13/10/2023 (Evening) 
 (a) Damodar  (b) Hirapur 
 (c) Haripur  (d) Raniganj 
 Sol.518.(b)  Hirapur  (now  Burnpur),  West 
 Bengal  (Established  in  1922).  Indian  Iron 
 and  Steel  Company  (IISCO)  -  A  steel  plant 
 that  is  a  part  of  the  Steel  Authority  of 
 India  Limited  (SAIL),  Established  in  1918 
 as  an  Indian  Iron  and  Steel  Company 
 under  the  ?agship  of  the  Martin  Burn 
 group. 
 Q.519.  Which  company  has  been  given 
 the  responsibility  of  construction, 
 operation  and  maintenance  of  the 
 Hazira-Vijaipur-  Jagdishpur  (HVJ) 
 pipeline project? 
 SSC CPO 03/10/2023 (Afternoon) 
 (a) Oil and Natural Gas Corporation 
 (ONGC) 
 (b) Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) 
 (c) TATA Petrodyne Limited (TPL) 
 (d) Gas Authority of India (GAIL) 
 Sol.519.(d)  Gas  Authority  of  India  (GAIL) 
 -  It  is  a  central  public  sector  undertaking 
 under  the  ownership  of  the  Ministry  of 
 Petroleum  and  Natural  Gas,  Government 
 of  India.  Founded  -  1984.  Headquarters  - 
 GAIL  Bhawan  (New  Delhi).  Subsidiaries  - 
 Indraprastha  Gas  Limited,  Petronet  LNG, 
 Mahanagar Gas Limited. 
 Q.520.  The  Kolar  region  of  Karnataka  is 
 famous  for  which  mineral  from  the 
 following ? 
 SSC MTS 14/09/2023 (1st Shift) 
 (a) Coal  (b) Gold 
 (c) Petroleum  (d) Copper 
 Sol.520.(b)  Gold.  Kolar  -  Golden  City  of 
 India.  It  is  popularly  known  as  the  land  of 
 Silk,  Milk,  Mango,  Gold.  Other  Gold  mines 
 -  Hutti  Gold  Mines  (karnataka),  Kolar 
 Gold  Fields  (karnataka),  Lava  Gold  Mines 
 (Jharkhand),  Sonbhadra  Mine  (Uttar 
 pradesh),  Parasi  (Jharkhand),  Dadam 
 (Haryana). 
 Q.521.  Which  state  in  India  has  the 
 highest  number  of  aluminium  smelting 
 plants? 
 SSC CHSL 02/08/2023 (1st shift) 
 (a) Odisha  (b) Tamil Nadu 
 (c) Maharashtra  (d) Uttar Pradesh 
 Sol.521.(a)  Odisha.  Aluminum  smelting 
 plants  -  Korba,  Alupuram,  Renukoot, 
 Mettur,  Hirakud,  Angul,  Jharsuguda  and 
 Faridabad.  Aluminium  Companies  in 
 India  -  Hindustan  Aluminium  Company 
 (Mumbai,  Maharashtra),  Vedanta  Limited 
 (Jharsuguda,  Odisha),  Sacheta  Metals 
 (Mumbai, Maharashtra). 
 Q.522.  Which  of  the  following  regions  of 
 India  has  the  maximum  concentration  of 
 iron and steel industries? 
 SSC CHSL 02/08/2023 (3rd shift) 
 (a) Western Ghats 
 (b) Deccan Plateau 
 (c) Chhota Nagpur plateau 
 (d) Indo- Gangetic plains 
 Sol.522.(c)  Chhota  Nagpur  plateau  in 
 eastern  India  covers  Jharkhand,  Odisha, 
 West  Bengal,  Bihar  and  Chhattisgarh.  It  is 
 primarily  composed  of  Archaeon  rocks 
 of  granite  and  gneiss.  Deccan  Plateau  - 
 Triangular,  surrounded  by  three  mountain 
 ranges.  It  extends  over  Indian  states 
 such  as  -  Telangana,  Maharashtra, 
 Andhra  Pradesh,  Karnataka,  Kerala  and 
 Tamil  Nadu.  Western  Ghats  -  Covers  six 
 states:  Kerala,  Tamil  Nadu,  Karnataka, 
 Goa,  Maharashtra  and  Gujarat.  Indo 
 Gangetic  Plain  -  Located  between  the 
 Peninsular Plateau and the Himalayas. 
 Q.523.  Which  of  the  following  industries 
 is its own major consumer in India? 
 SSC CHSL 03/08/2023 (1st shift) 
 (a) Iron and steel  (b) Aviation 
 (c) Automobile  (d) Chemical 
 Sol.523.(d)  Chemical.  India  is  the  6th 
 largest  producer  of  chemicals  in  the 
 world  and  3rd  in  Asia.  Also  the 
 fourth-largest  producer  of  agrochemicals 
 after  the  United  States,  Japan  and  China. 
 Second-largest  manufacturer  and 
 exporter  of  dyes  of  the  world's 
 production  after  China.  Iron  and  steel  - 
 India  is  the  largest  producer  of  sponge 
 iron  in  the  world  and  the  3rd  largest 
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