Maharashtra Industries | Maharashtra State PSC (MPSC): Preparation - MPSC (Maharastra) PDF Download

 Page 1


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
In this chapter we will learn about the location of industries in Maharashtra. The 
industrial regions of Maharashtra have also been discussed in the following 
chapter. Moreover the state’s recent development in industrial sector has 
also been taken into consideration. The distribution of industries, its 
problems and solutions are also discussed. In addition to all these, the 
transport and communication in Maharashtra and the need for formation of 
Mumbai Metropolitan Region is also studied. 
SUBJECT DISCUSSION 
It is known that economic development of any state is directly linked 
with the stage of industrial development. Before independence, Maharashtra 
was industrially less developed. But with five year planning policies of 
independent India from 1960’s which emphasized development in the field 
of agriculture, industry, energy and water sectors facilitated Maharashtra 
to become leading industrial state contributing 13% of national industrial 
output and employing 64.14% of the people in agriculture and allied 
activities in India. Almost 46% of the GSDP is contributed by industry. 
The resultant fact therefore is, Mumbai’ the state capital is also a financial 
capital of the country with concentration of tertiary, administrative, defense and 
few industrial activities. Mumbai was once known as an industrial city due 
to concentration of textiles, light engineering, chemicals and pharmaceutical 
etc. Industrial development in the state was largely concentrated in and around 
the peripheral areas of Mumbai. But with passage of time, changing policies 
and technology the land-use and land-value also changes. Same is true of 
Mumbai as well. Industries in and around Mumbai are cotton textiles, 
chemicals, refineries, machinery, automobiles, construction, electrical, 
transport and metallurgy. These industries also provide employment to a 
considerable number of people. 
Agro-industries are well developed in Maharashtra. Sugarcane being 
major crop in the state it produces about one fourth of the total sugar 
production of India. Major sugar mills are located at Nasik, Pune, 
Ahmadnagar, Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur and Sholapur. Pharmaceuticals, 
Page 2


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
In this chapter we will learn about the location of industries in Maharashtra. The 
industrial regions of Maharashtra have also been discussed in the following 
chapter. Moreover the state’s recent development in industrial sector has 
also been taken into consideration. The distribution of industries, its 
problems and solutions are also discussed. In addition to all these, the 
transport and communication in Maharashtra and the need for formation of 
Mumbai Metropolitan Region is also studied. 
SUBJECT DISCUSSION 
It is known that economic development of any state is directly linked 
with the stage of industrial development. Before independence, Maharashtra 
was industrially less developed. But with five year planning policies of 
independent India from 1960’s which emphasized development in the field 
of agriculture, industry, energy and water sectors facilitated Maharashtra 
to become leading industrial state contributing 13% of national industrial 
output and employing 64.14% of the people in agriculture and allied 
activities in India. Almost 46% of the GSDP is contributed by industry. 
The resultant fact therefore is, Mumbai’ the state capital is also a financial 
capital of the country with concentration of tertiary, administrative, defense and 
few industrial activities. Mumbai was once known as an industrial city due 
to concentration of textiles, light engineering, chemicals and pharmaceutical 
etc. Industrial development in the state was largely concentrated in and around 
the peripheral areas of Mumbai. But with passage of time, changing policies 
and technology the land-use and land-value also changes. Same is true of 
Mumbai as well. Industries in and around Mumbai are cotton textiles, 
chemicals, refineries, machinery, automobiles, construction, electrical, 
transport and metallurgy. These industries also provide employment to a 
considerable number of people. 
Agro-industries are well developed in Maharashtra. Sugarcane being 
major crop in the state it produces about one fourth of the total sugar 
production of India. Major sugar mills are located at Nasik, Pune, 
Ahmadnagar, Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur and Sholapur. Pharmaceuticals, 
  
 
 
 
 
petrochemicals, heavy chemicals, electronics, automobiles, engineering, food 
processing, and plastics are some of the major industries of the state. Small 
scale industries have also come up in a big way in the state. 
Maharashtra also has got good rail and road connectivity with all the 
other regions of India. The Central Railway and the Western Railway 
zones of the Indian Railways are headquartered in Mumbai, at Chhatrapati 
Shivaji Terminus and Churchgate respectively. Until 1960’s trams existed 
in Mumbai. The State has 5,983 km rail length running between 4 railways. 
Spreading across 267,452 kilometers, the road network of Maharashtra is 
the largest in the country. The six neighbouring states of Maharashtra are 
connected via 17 National Highways. Maharashtra also has a huge state 
highway network with a total length of 3688 kilometres. As of March 2010, 
97.5 per cent of the villages in the state were connected by roads that can 
withstand all weather conditions. In April 2002, India got its first fully 
operational access controlled toll road, the Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-
Pune Expressway connecting the city ‘Pune’ which is educational and 
industrial hub to Mumbai city through Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-Pune 
Expressway. 
INDUSTRIAL REGIONS OF MAHARASHTRA 
 Introduction 
? Maharashtra has been in the forefront in sustaining industrial growth 
and in creating environment conductive to industrial development. 
? Friendly industrial policies, excellent infrastructure and a strong and 
productive human resource base have made it a favoured destination for 
manufacturing, export and financial service sectors. 
? Maharashtra being India's leading industrial state contributes 13% of 
national industrial output. 
? It is found that 64.14% of the people are employed in agriculture and 
allied activities. Almost 46% of the Gross State Domestic Product 
(GSDP) is contributed by industry. 
? Maharashtra’s gross state domestic product (GSDP) accounted for 12.98 
per cent of India’s gross domestic product (GDP) in 2014- 15, the 
highest among all states. 
? The principal industrial zone in Maharashtra is the MumbaiThane-
Pune zone belt. This zone accounts for about 60% of the state’s 
output. 
? Efforts are being made to promote other industrial areas like, Nagpur, 
Nashik, Aurangabad, Sholapur, Jalgaon, Raigad, Amravati, and 
Ratnagiri by building necessary infrastructure and creating an 
environment conducive to industrial development. 
Page 3


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
In this chapter we will learn about the location of industries in Maharashtra. The 
industrial regions of Maharashtra have also been discussed in the following 
chapter. Moreover the state’s recent development in industrial sector has 
also been taken into consideration. The distribution of industries, its 
problems and solutions are also discussed. In addition to all these, the 
transport and communication in Maharashtra and the need for formation of 
Mumbai Metropolitan Region is also studied. 
SUBJECT DISCUSSION 
It is known that economic development of any state is directly linked 
with the stage of industrial development. Before independence, Maharashtra 
was industrially less developed. But with five year planning policies of 
independent India from 1960’s which emphasized development in the field 
of agriculture, industry, energy and water sectors facilitated Maharashtra 
to become leading industrial state contributing 13% of national industrial 
output and employing 64.14% of the people in agriculture and allied 
activities in India. Almost 46% of the GSDP is contributed by industry. 
The resultant fact therefore is, Mumbai’ the state capital is also a financial 
capital of the country with concentration of tertiary, administrative, defense and 
few industrial activities. Mumbai was once known as an industrial city due 
to concentration of textiles, light engineering, chemicals and pharmaceutical 
etc. Industrial development in the state was largely concentrated in and around 
the peripheral areas of Mumbai. But with passage of time, changing policies 
and technology the land-use and land-value also changes. Same is true of 
Mumbai as well. Industries in and around Mumbai are cotton textiles, 
chemicals, refineries, machinery, automobiles, construction, electrical, 
transport and metallurgy. These industries also provide employment to a 
considerable number of people. 
Agro-industries are well developed in Maharashtra. Sugarcane being 
major crop in the state it produces about one fourth of the total sugar 
production of India. Major sugar mills are located at Nasik, Pune, 
Ahmadnagar, Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur and Sholapur. Pharmaceuticals, 
  
 
 
 
 
petrochemicals, heavy chemicals, electronics, automobiles, engineering, food 
processing, and plastics are some of the major industries of the state. Small 
scale industries have also come up in a big way in the state. 
Maharashtra also has got good rail and road connectivity with all the 
other regions of India. The Central Railway and the Western Railway 
zones of the Indian Railways are headquartered in Mumbai, at Chhatrapati 
Shivaji Terminus and Churchgate respectively. Until 1960’s trams existed 
in Mumbai. The State has 5,983 km rail length running between 4 railways. 
Spreading across 267,452 kilometers, the road network of Maharashtra is 
the largest in the country. The six neighbouring states of Maharashtra are 
connected via 17 National Highways. Maharashtra also has a huge state 
highway network with a total length of 3688 kilometres. As of March 2010, 
97.5 per cent of the villages in the state were connected by roads that can 
withstand all weather conditions. In April 2002, India got its first fully 
operational access controlled toll road, the Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-
Pune Expressway connecting the city ‘Pune’ which is educational and 
industrial hub to Mumbai city through Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-Pune 
Expressway. 
INDUSTRIAL REGIONS OF MAHARASHTRA 
 Introduction 
? Maharashtra has been in the forefront in sustaining industrial growth 
and in creating environment conductive to industrial development. 
? Friendly industrial policies, excellent infrastructure and a strong and 
productive human resource base have made it a favoured destination for 
manufacturing, export and financial service sectors. 
? Maharashtra being India's leading industrial state contributes 13% of 
national industrial output. 
? It is found that 64.14% of the people are employed in agriculture and 
allied activities. Almost 46% of the Gross State Domestic Product 
(GSDP) is contributed by industry. 
? Maharashtra’s gross state domestic product (GSDP) accounted for 12.98 
per cent of India’s gross domestic product (GDP) in 2014- 15, the 
highest among all states. 
? The principal industrial zone in Maharashtra is the MumbaiThane-
Pune zone belt. This zone accounts for about 60% of the state’s 
output. 
? Efforts are being made to promote other industrial areas like, Nagpur, 
Nashik, Aurangabad, Sholapur, Jalgaon, Raigad, Amravati, and 
Ratnagiri by building necessary infrastructure and creating an 
environment conducive to industrial development. 
 
 
Maharashtra Industries: 
Industrial Regions of 
Maharashtra, Recent 
Developments In Industrial 
Sector, Development of 
Transport and Communication 
in Maharashtra, 
Mumbai Metropolitan Region 
 
Industrial Regions: Industrial regions of Maharashtra are mainly 
concentrated in the prosperous agricultural regions, mining areas of 
mineralized zones and along the main transport arterial routes. Based on 
these aspects major industries of Maharashtra are concentrated and 
developed in the following industrial regions: 
a) M umbai-Thane industrial region. 
b) Pune-Pimpri- Chinchwad industrial region 
c) Aurangabad-Jalna industrial region 
d) Nagpur industrial region 
e) Nasik industrial region 
f) Kolhapur industrial region 
g) Sholapur industrial region 
a) Mumbai-Thane-Raigad Industrial Region: This is the largest 
industrial region of Maharashtra. 
? Industrial centres of this region are Thane, Ghatkopar, Bhandup, 
Mulund, Kurla, Ulhasnagar, Ambernath, Kalyan, and Bhiwandi – 
Nizampur - Chembur, Vashi, Panvel, Navi Mumbai, Dahanu and 
Tarapur. 
? Major industries found here are Electrical and electronics, automobile, 
oil refineries, Soap, Handlooms, Fertilizers, Rubber, Plastic, Glass, 
Chemicals, Textiles, and Film industry 
? Main reasons for the development of industries in this region 
are as follows: 
i) This region owes its origin to the British rule in India. 
ii) Mumbai developed as major international port during British 
period. Mumbai was connected to the rest of Maharashtra and India 
through roads and railways which helped in the import of finished 
products and export of the raw material. These  infrastructures 
of Mumbai have helped in the development of industries in and around 
Mumbai at a later stage. 
iii) Industrial development in Mumbai started during the Second World 
War. In this period the export of Mumbai port was stopped due to 
war. 
iv) Mumbai is known to have settled skilled workers from the historical 
times during the era of King Bhimdev with Mahikavati at Mahim as 
his capital. The king brought skilled workers from Surat, Desh, Konkan, 
Andhra and Karnataka. Even today the trend continues to cover entire 
India as well as across the country to receive skilled and unskilled 
labour force to this region.