Page 1
IMPORTANCE OF LOCATION IN PENINSULAR INDIA
Kerala, the southern most state of India occupies a unique position on the
map of the country.With the southernmost extremity at Parassala about 56 kms.
up from the lands end of India, it stretches along the shores of Arabian Sea for a
distance of about 580 kms with Karnataka State on the North and Northeast
and Tamil Nadu State on the East and South.The breadth of the State varies
from 32 kms in the extreme North and South to over 120 kms. in the middle.It is
hemmed between the mighty Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.Kerala State
lies between 8
o
.17’ 30” and 12
o
47’ 40” north latitudes and 74º 51’ and 77
o
24’
47” east longitudes.The State is bounded on the North and Northeast by South
Kanara, Kudagu and Mysore districts of Karnataka State,on the East by Nilgiris,
Coimbatore, Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts of Tamil Nadu,
on the south by Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu and on the west by the
Arabian sea.The area of the State is 38,863 sq.kms.Kerala ranks seventeenth in
area among the 22 States of India.The area of the State works out to 1.19% of
the total area of the country.
According to the 1981 census, Kerala has a population of 25, 403, 217
persons of whom 12,487,981 are males and 12,915,256 females.The population
of the State is 3.71% of the population of India. One out of every 27 Indians and
7
Page 2
IMPORTANCE OF LOCATION IN PENINSULAR INDIA
Kerala, the southern most state of India occupies a unique position on the
map of the country.With the southernmost extremity at Parassala about 56 kms.
up from the lands end of India, it stretches along the shores of Arabian Sea for a
distance of about 580 kms with Karnataka State on the North and Northeast
and Tamil Nadu State on the East and South.The breadth of the State varies
from 32 kms in the extreme North and South to over 120 kms. in the middle.It is
hemmed between the mighty Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.Kerala State
lies between 8
o
.17’ 30” and 12
o
47’ 40” north latitudes and 74º 51’ and 77
o
24’
47” east longitudes.The State is bounded on the North and Northeast by South
Kanara, Kudagu and Mysore districts of Karnataka State,on the East by Nilgiris,
Coimbatore, Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts of Tamil Nadu,
on the south by Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu and on the west by the
Arabian sea.The area of the State is 38,863 sq.kms.Kerala ranks seventeenth in
area among the 22 States of India.The area of the State works out to 1.19% of
the total area of the country.
According to the 1981 census, Kerala has a population of 25, 403, 217
persons of whom 12,487,981 are males and 12,915,256 females.The population
of the State is 3.71% of the population of India. One out of every 27 Indians and
7
one out of every 173 humans in the world is a Keralite. Considering the size of
the population the position of Kerala is twelfth among the 22 States in India.
The geographical position of Kerala as the narrow strip of land hemmed in
between the Western Ghats on the one side and the Arabian Sea on the other
has considerably influenced the course of its history.The State has from the
dawn of history enjoyed a kind of insularity, which has given it welcome
immunity from the political convulsions, which shook Northern India.Kerala
seldom felt the impact of the many foreign invasions that took place in the
northern part of India from across the border. It took longer time for Aryanism,
Buddhism and Jainism from the north to penetrate into Kerala than into the
other parts of Peninsular India. Kerala was also able to evolve its own way of life
and social institutions unhampered by excessive interference from outside. This
factor has helped the growth of peculiar social institutions like the
Marumakkathayam or the matrilineal system of inheritance, polyandry, etc., in
Kerala.Even Brahmins and Muslims who as a rule follow everywhere the
Makkathayam or patrilineal system of inheritance have Marumakkathayis
among them in Kerala, viz., the Nambudiris of Payyannur Gramam and the
Mappilas of North Malabar, Kerala could also evolve its own distinctive styles of
art and architecture which are in many respects different from those inother
parts of India. Such arts as Chakiar Kuthu, Kathakali, Mohini Attam and Ottam
Tullal developed in Kerala in an atmosphere of splendid isolation.
Kerala’s contacts with the Roman Empire and other foreign countries had
started from the ancient times itself.These contacts were mainly centred on
trading activities and cultural contacts.The remains of Teak wook found at
Mohanjo daro and the Harappan seals found at south India have made some
historians to assume that Kerala had maintained trade relations with the
Harappans through sea.The same type of arguments have been put forward by
some historians to assume that Kerala had maintained trade relations with
Egypt and Sumeria in the ancient times on the basis of some of the material
remains found there.However, the existence of Roman trade with Kerala during
the ancient period has been proved beyond doubt. Similarly, Kerala had
8
Page 3
IMPORTANCE OF LOCATION IN PENINSULAR INDIA
Kerala, the southern most state of India occupies a unique position on the
map of the country.With the southernmost extremity at Parassala about 56 kms.
up from the lands end of India, it stretches along the shores of Arabian Sea for a
distance of about 580 kms with Karnataka State on the North and Northeast
and Tamil Nadu State on the East and South.The breadth of the State varies
from 32 kms in the extreme North and South to over 120 kms. in the middle.It is
hemmed between the mighty Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.Kerala State
lies between 8
o
.17’ 30” and 12
o
47’ 40” north latitudes and 74º 51’ and 77
o
24’
47” east longitudes.The State is bounded on the North and Northeast by South
Kanara, Kudagu and Mysore districts of Karnataka State,on the East by Nilgiris,
Coimbatore, Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts of Tamil Nadu,
on the south by Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu and on the west by the
Arabian sea.The area of the State is 38,863 sq.kms.Kerala ranks seventeenth in
area among the 22 States of India.The area of the State works out to 1.19% of
the total area of the country.
According to the 1981 census, Kerala has a population of 25, 403, 217
persons of whom 12,487,981 are males and 12,915,256 females.The population
of the State is 3.71% of the population of India. One out of every 27 Indians and
7
one out of every 173 humans in the world is a Keralite. Considering the size of
the population the position of Kerala is twelfth among the 22 States in India.
The geographical position of Kerala as the narrow strip of land hemmed in
between the Western Ghats on the one side and the Arabian Sea on the other
has considerably influenced the course of its history.The State has from the
dawn of history enjoyed a kind of insularity, which has given it welcome
immunity from the political convulsions, which shook Northern India.Kerala
seldom felt the impact of the many foreign invasions that took place in the
northern part of India from across the border. It took longer time for Aryanism,
Buddhism and Jainism from the north to penetrate into Kerala than into the
other parts of Peninsular India. Kerala was also able to evolve its own way of life
and social institutions unhampered by excessive interference from outside. This
factor has helped the growth of peculiar social institutions like the
Marumakkathayam or the matrilineal system of inheritance, polyandry, etc., in
Kerala.Even Brahmins and Muslims who as a rule follow everywhere the
Makkathayam or patrilineal system of inheritance have Marumakkathayis
among them in Kerala, viz., the Nambudiris of Payyannur Gramam and the
Mappilas of North Malabar, Kerala could also evolve its own distinctive styles of
art and architecture which are in many respects different from those inother
parts of India. Such arts as Chakiar Kuthu, Kathakali, Mohini Attam and Ottam
Tullal developed in Kerala in an atmosphere of splendid isolation.
Kerala’s contacts with the Roman Empire and other foreign countries had
started from the ancient times itself.These contacts were mainly centred on
trading activities and cultural contacts.The remains of Teak wook found at
Mohanjo daro and the Harappan seals found at south India have made some
historians to assume that Kerala had maintained trade relations with the
Harappans through sea.The same type of arguments have been put forward by
some historians to assume that Kerala had maintained trade relations with
Egypt and Sumeria in the ancient times on the basis of some of the material
remains found there.However, the existence of Roman trade with Kerala during
the ancient period has been proved beyond doubt. Similarly, Kerala had
8
maintained trade relations with China, Burma, and Malaya etc. from the 1
st
century A.D. onwards Kautilya’s ‘Arthasastra’ also mentions about the trading
activities of north India with Kerala during the Mauryan period.
Kerala maintained better relations with the outside world than with that
of the rest of the country from the very early period.This paved way for the early
emergence of the foreign culture to Kerala than the other parts of India.The
Keralites had shown much tolerance to receive the ideas and people from the
outside world from the ancient period onwards.The overseas trade and cultural
contacts helped for the arrival of Jewish, emigrants to Kerala in the ancient
period itself.The Christians arrived in Kerala in a much earlier period from the
Middle East, which had trade contacts with this land.The popular tradition of
Kerala Christians about St. Thomas’s arrival has to be identified with these
migrations.The Arab travelers and traders had visited the Kerala coast in a
much earlier period.The arrival of Islam to Kerala happened through these Arab
contacts and the spread of Islam in Kerala can be identified with the legend
related with the last Perumal’s conversion to Islam.All these religions arrived in
Kerala at various times became the integral part of Kerala in the course of
time.They all were assimilated to the Kerala society.
Though Kerala maintained its political isolation from north India, it
accepted the cultural and religious contributions of the north and assimilated
them with the Kerala tradition and made a separate subculture. The cultural
traditions of the north took more time to reach Kerala but once they arrived they
were assimilated to the indigenous culture and paved way for the growth of a
common cultural synthesis.The Vedic religion, Buddhism and Jainism arrived
Kerala from north India. It is assumed that Jainism and Buddhism had reached
Kerala through the trade relations with the best of the country and from
Karnataka.The Jaina ‘Basadis’ of Wayanad and the Jains centres at
Trikkanamatilakam and Kallil are the living examples of the spread of Jainism in
Kerala.The Buddhist influence on the cultural tradition of Kerala society is still
visible.
9
Page 4
IMPORTANCE OF LOCATION IN PENINSULAR INDIA
Kerala, the southern most state of India occupies a unique position on the
map of the country.With the southernmost extremity at Parassala about 56 kms.
up from the lands end of India, it stretches along the shores of Arabian Sea for a
distance of about 580 kms with Karnataka State on the North and Northeast
and Tamil Nadu State on the East and South.The breadth of the State varies
from 32 kms in the extreme North and South to over 120 kms. in the middle.It is
hemmed between the mighty Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.Kerala State
lies between 8
o
.17’ 30” and 12
o
47’ 40” north latitudes and 74º 51’ and 77
o
24’
47” east longitudes.The State is bounded on the North and Northeast by South
Kanara, Kudagu and Mysore districts of Karnataka State,on the East by Nilgiris,
Coimbatore, Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts of Tamil Nadu,
on the south by Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu and on the west by the
Arabian sea.The area of the State is 38,863 sq.kms.Kerala ranks seventeenth in
area among the 22 States of India.The area of the State works out to 1.19% of
the total area of the country.
According to the 1981 census, Kerala has a population of 25, 403, 217
persons of whom 12,487,981 are males and 12,915,256 females.The population
of the State is 3.71% of the population of India. One out of every 27 Indians and
7
one out of every 173 humans in the world is a Keralite. Considering the size of
the population the position of Kerala is twelfth among the 22 States in India.
The geographical position of Kerala as the narrow strip of land hemmed in
between the Western Ghats on the one side and the Arabian Sea on the other
has considerably influenced the course of its history.The State has from the
dawn of history enjoyed a kind of insularity, which has given it welcome
immunity from the political convulsions, which shook Northern India.Kerala
seldom felt the impact of the many foreign invasions that took place in the
northern part of India from across the border. It took longer time for Aryanism,
Buddhism and Jainism from the north to penetrate into Kerala than into the
other parts of Peninsular India. Kerala was also able to evolve its own way of life
and social institutions unhampered by excessive interference from outside. This
factor has helped the growth of peculiar social institutions like the
Marumakkathayam or the matrilineal system of inheritance, polyandry, etc., in
Kerala.Even Brahmins and Muslims who as a rule follow everywhere the
Makkathayam or patrilineal system of inheritance have Marumakkathayis
among them in Kerala, viz., the Nambudiris of Payyannur Gramam and the
Mappilas of North Malabar, Kerala could also evolve its own distinctive styles of
art and architecture which are in many respects different from those inother
parts of India. Such arts as Chakiar Kuthu, Kathakali, Mohini Attam and Ottam
Tullal developed in Kerala in an atmosphere of splendid isolation.
Kerala’s contacts with the Roman Empire and other foreign countries had
started from the ancient times itself.These contacts were mainly centred on
trading activities and cultural contacts.The remains of Teak wook found at
Mohanjo daro and the Harappan seals found at south India have made some
historians to assume that Kerala had maintained trade relations with the
Harappans through sea.The same type of arguments have been put forward by
some historians to assume that Kerala had maintained trade relations with
Egypt and Sumeria in the ancient times on the basis of some of the material
remains found there.However, the existence of Roman trade with Kerala during
the ancient period has been proved beyond doubt. Similarly, Kerala had
8
maintained trade relations with China, Burma, and Malaya etc. from the 1
st
century A.D. onwards Kautilya’s ‘Arthasastra’ also mentions about the trading
activities of north India with Kerala during the Mauryan period.
Kerala maintained better relations with the outside world than with that
of the rest of the country from the very early period.This paved way for the early
emergence of the foreign culture to Kerala than the other parts of India.The
Keralites had shown much tolerance to receive the ideas and people from the
outside world from the ancient period onwards.The overseas trade and cultural
contacts helped for the arrival of Jewish, emigrants to Kerala in the ancient
period itself.The Christians arrived in Kerala in a much earlier period from the
Middle East, which had trade contacts with this land.The popular tradition of
Kerala Christians about St. Thomas’s arrival has to be identified with these
migrations.The Arab travelers and traders had visited the Kerala coast in a
much earlier period.The arrival of Islam to Kerala happened through these Arab
contacts and the spread of Islam in Kerala can be identified with the legend
related with the last Perumal’s conversion to Islam.All these religions arrived in
Kerala at various times became the integral part of Kerala in the course of
time.They all were assimilated to the Kerala society.
Though Kerala maintained its political isolation from north India, it
accepted the cultural and religious contributions of the north and assimilated
them with the Kerala tradition and made a separate subculture. The cultural
traditions of the north took more time to reach Kerala but once they arrived they
were assimilated to the indigenous culture and paved way for the growth of a
common cultural synthesis.The Vedic religion, Buddhism and Jainism arrived
Kerala from north India. It is assumed that Jainism and Buddhism had reached
Kerala through the trade relations with the best of the country and from
Karnataka.The Jaina ‘Basadis’ of Wayanad and the Jains centres at
Trikkanamatilakam and Kallil are the living examples of the spread of Jainism in
Kerala.The Buddhist influence on the cultural tradition of Kerala society is still
visible.
9
The Chinese traders arrived Kerala in the ancient period had also
contributed for the growth of the social and economic conditions of the people of
this state.The Chinese Ware and the Fishing Nets seen in Kerala even today is
the result of the Chinese influence.The Europeans who arrived in Kerala in the
modern times made deep inroads into the total life style of the people and
transformed the individual and the society as a whole in the realm of social,
cultural, economic and political outlook.
The isolation of Kerala from the rest of the country has, however, had its
limitations.The geographical barrier did not stand in the way of the great Advaita
philosopher Sankaracharya (788820 AD.).Undertaking his triumphant itinerary
in North India for the propagation of the Vedanta philosophy even in such a
remote age as the 9
th
century AD.The great pilgrim centres situated on either
side of the Ghats have been visited by devotees in there thousands even from
time immemorial, unmindful of the hazards of geography. Kerala has also always
come within the scheme of conquests of the various powers that held sway in
the neighbouring Tamil and Kannada areas.The Chalukyas, the Cholas, the
Pandyas and the Rashtrakutas invaded Kerala several times in the ancient
period while in the later period the rulers of Vijayanagar and Mysore carried out
aggressive raids into its territory. Ravi Varma Kulasekhara (12991314), the
Venad king, carried his victorious arms up to Kanchipuram and crowned himself
as the Emperor of South India on the banks of the Vegavati.The Bednore or
Ikkeri Nayaks of South Canara exercised their sway over the HosdurgKasaragod
area of North Kerala for sometime in the 17
th
and 18
th
centuries.The historic
forts at Hosdurg, Bekal, Kalnad and Kumbla stand even today as memorials to
their rule.
. It was Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan who attacked Kerala in the 18
th
century
and brought a large portion under the Mysorean domination.However, the
political integration of Kerala with the rest of the country was brought about by
the British Malabar under Company’s direct rule and Cochin and Travancore
through the subsidiary rule.We get references about Keralaputra from the 2
nd
and 13
th
Rock Edicts of Asoka.According to the Asokan inscriptions the Mauryan
10
Page 5
IMPORTANCE OF LOCATION IN PENINSULAR INDIA
Kerala, the southern most state of India occupies a unique position on the
map of the country.With the southernmost extremity at Parassala about 56 kms.
up from the lands end of India, it stretches along the shores of Arabian Sea for a
distance of about 580 kms with Karnataka State on the North and Northeast
and Tamil Nadu State on the East and South.The breadth of the State varies
from 32 kms in the extreme North and South to over 120 kms. in the middle.It is
hemmed between the mighty Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.Kerala State
lies between 8
o
.17’ 30” and 12
o
47’ 40” north latitudes and 74º 51’ and 77
o
24’
47” east longitudes.The State is bounded on the North and Northeast by South
Kanara, Kudagu and Mysore districts of Karnataka State,on the East by Nilgiris,
Coimbatore, Madurai, Ramanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts of Tamil Nadu,
on the south by Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu and on the west by the
Arabian sea.The area of the State is 38,863 sq.kms.Kerala ranks seventeenth in
area among the 22 States of India.The area of the State works out to 1.19% of
the total area of the country.
According to the 1981 census, Kerala has a population of 25, 403, 217
persons of whom 12,487,981 are males and 12,915,256 females.The population
of the State is 3.71% of the population of India. One out of every 27 Indians and
7
one out of every 173 humans in the world is a Keralite. Considering the size of
the population the position of Kerala is twelfth among the 22 States in India.
The geographical position of Kerala as the narrow strip of land hemmed in
between the Western Ghats on the one side and the Arabian Sea on the other
has considerably influenced the course of its history.The State has from the
dawn of history enjoyed a kind of insularity, which has given it welcome
immunity from the political convulsions, which shook Northern India.Kerala
seldom felt the impact of the many foreign invasions that took place in the
northern part of India from across the border. It took longer time for Aryanism,
Buddhism and Jainism from the north to penetrate into Kerala than into the
other parts of Peninsular India. Kerala was also able to evolve its own way of life
and social institutions unhampered by excessive interference from outside. This
factor has helped the growth of peculiar social institutions like the
Marumakkathayam or the matrilineal system of inheritance, polyandry, etc., in
Kerala.Even Brahmins and Muslims who as a rule follow everywhere the
Makkathayam or patrilineal system of inheritance have Marumakkathayis
among them in Kerala, viz., the Nambudiris of Payyannur Gramam and the
Mappilas of North Malabar, Kerala could also evolve its own distinctive styles of
art and architecture which are in many respects different from those inother
parts of India. Such arts as Chakiar Kuthu, Kathakali, Mohini Attam and Ottam
Tullal developed in Kerala in an atmosphere of splendid isolation.
Kerala’s contacts with the Roman Empire and other foreign countries had
started from the ancient times itself.These contacts were mainly centred on
trading activities and cultural contacts.The remains of Teak wook found at
Mohanjo daro and the Harappan seals found at south India have made some
historians to assume that Kerala had maintained trade relations with the
Harappans through sea.The same type of arguments have been put forward by
some historians to assume that Kerala had maintained trade relations with
Egypt and Sumeria in the ancient times on the basis of some of the material
remains found there.However, the existence of Roman trade with Kerala during
the ancient period has been proved beyond doubt. Similarly, Kerala had
8
maintained trade relations with China, Burma, and Malaya etc. from the 1
st
century A.D. onwards Kautilya’s ‘Arthasastra’ also mentions about the trading
activities of north India with Kerala during the Mauryan period.
Kerala maintained better relations with the outside world than with that
of the rest of the country from the very early period.This paved way for the early
emergence of the foreign culture to Kerala than the other parts of India.The
Keralites had shown much tolerance to receive the ideas and people from the
outside world from the ancient period onwards.The overseas trade and cultural
contacts helped for the arrival of Jewish, emigrants to Kerala in the ancient
period itself.The Christians arrived in Kerala in a much earlier period from the
Middle East, which had trade contacts with this land.The popular tradition of
Kerala Christians about St. Thomas’s arrival has to be identified with these
migrations.The Arab travelers and traders had visited the Kerala coast in a
much earlier period.The arrival of Islam to Kerala happened through these Arab
contacts and the spread of Islam in Kerala can be identified with the legend
related with the last Perumal’s conversion to Islam.All these religions arrived in
Kerala at various times became the integral part of Kerala in the course of
time.They all were assimilated to the Kerala society.
Though Kerala maintained its political isolation from north India, it
accepted the cultural and religious contributions of the north and assimilated
them with the Kerala tradition and made a separate subculture. The cultural
traditions of the north took more time to reach Kerala but once they arrived they
were assimilated to the indigenous culture and paved way for the growth of a
common cultural synthesis.The Vedic religion, Buddhism and Jainism arrived
Kerala from north India. It is assumed that Jainism and Buddhism had reached
Kerala through the trade relations with the best of the country and from
Karnataka.The Jaina ‘Basadis’ of Wayanad and the Jains centres at
Trikkanamatilakam and Kallil are the living examples of the spread of Jainism in
Kerala.The Buddhist influence on the cultural tradition of Kerala society is still
visible.
9
The Chinese traders arrived Kerala in the ancient period had also
contributed for the growth of the social and economic conditions of the people of
this state.The Chinese Ware and the Fishing Nets seen in Kerala even today is
the result of the Chinese influence.The Europeans who arrived in Kerala in the
modern times made deep inroads into the total life style of the people and
transformed the individual and the society as a whole in the realm of social,
cultural, economic and political outlook.
The isolation of Kerala from the rest of the country has, however, had its
limitations.The geographical barrier did not stand in the way of the great Advaita
philosopher Sankaracharya (788820 AD.).Undertaking his triumphant itinerary
in North India for the propagation of the Vedanta philosophy even in such a
remote age as the 9
th
century AD.The great pilgrim centres situated on either
side of the Ghats have been visited by devotees in there thousands even from
time immemorial, unmindful of the hazards of geography. Kerala has also always
come within the scheme of conquests of the various powers that held sway in
the neighbouring Tamil and Kannada areas.The Chalukyas, the Cholas, the
Pandyas and the Rashtrakutas invaded Kerala several times in the ancient
period while in the later period the rulers of Vijayanagar and Mysore carried out
aggressive raids into its territory. Ravi Varma Kulasekhara (12991314), the
Venad king, carried his victorious arms up to Kanchipuram and crowned himself
as the Emperor of South India on the banks of the Vegavati.The Bednore or
Ikkeri Nayaks of South Canara exercised their sway over the HosdurgKasaragod
area of North Kerala for sometime in the 17
th
and 18
th
centuries.The historic
forts at Hosdurg, Bekal, Kalnad and Kumbla stand even today as memorials to
their rule.
. It was Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan who attacked Kerala in the 18
th
century
and brought a large portion under the Mysorean domination.However, the
political integration of Kerala with the rest of the country was brought about by
the British Malabar under Company’s direct rule and Cochin and Travancore
through the subsidiary rule.We get references about Keralaputra from the 2
nd
and 13
th
Rock Edicts of Asoka.According to the Asokan inscriptions the Mauryan
10
empire had maintained friendly relations with the southern kingdoms including
Kerala. Historians like K.A.N. Sastri (A History of South India) and Raghava
Iyangar (Some Aspects of Kerala and Tamil Culture) believe that Bindusara, the
Mauryan emperor had attacked some parts of Kerala prior to Asoka. But there
are no authentic evidences to prove this statement.
The evolution of the language and culture of Kerala has also been
influenced by contacts with the Tamil and Kannada regions.The southern dialect
of Malayalam shows traces of Tamil influence while the northern dialect bears
evidence of Kannada influence.The customs and manners of the people in the
extreme south and north of the State show traces of influence from the adjoining
Tamil and Kannada districts.The influence of the pallava, Chalukya and
Vijayanagar styles may be seen in the temple architecture and sculpture of
Kerala.The Tamil influence is perceptible in the High Ranges and some of the
adjoining areas in Kottayam district. Several temples dedicated to Madurai
Minakshi may be seen here.The Minachil taluk has itself derived its name from
Goddess minakshi, popularly called minachi in Tamil Nadu. In fact, Kerala
history embraces within its scope a study of the relations of Kerala with such
InterState border districts of Kanyakumari, Tirunelveli, Madurai, Coimbatore,
Coorg, Mysore and South Canara in their proper historical perspective.
From the ancient time onwards itself Kerala turned out to be the meeting
place of various Indian and Foreign cultures and in the course of time Kerala
culture emerged from this intermixture of various cultures.All the cultural
traditions that had arrived in Kerala through the ages were assimilated to the
common tradition resulting into a subculture from the synthesis of various
cultures. Kerala also showed the tolerance to accept all the religions that had
reached from various parts of the world and allowed them to settle down.All
these religions and cultures have undoubtedly contributed for the growth of the
cultural tradition of Kerala.
MIGRATIONS AND PATTERNS OF SETTLEMENTS.
Migrations of various groups of people into Kerala had started from the
period of Megalithic culture.They came one after the other and so they do not
11
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