Class 12 History: CBSE Marking Scheme (2024-25) | History Class 12 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

 Page 1


1                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
HISTORY (027) 
Class XII 2024-25 
MARKING SCHEME  
Time Allowed: 3hrs                                                                                                   Maximum Marks:80  
                                                       SECTION – A                                                     21x1=21 
                                          OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS                                                      
1. ANS- C- It witnessed the flourishing collection of ancient Tamil literature. 
 
1 
 
2. A. ANS-B-Satvahana  
B.  
1 
 
3. ANS-A- Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)is the correct explanation of (A) 1 
 
4. ANS-C-I&II 1 
 
5.  ANS-    D.   a- (ii)       b- (iii)     c- (i)      d-   (iv) 1 
 
6.  ANS-D -Rudradaman 1 
7. ANS-A- Ajanta Cave Paintings 
 
NOTE: The following question is only for the visually impaired candidate in lieu of 
Q7 
 
ANS- B-Maharashtra 
1 
 
 
1 
 
 
8.  ANS-B-Fluency in multiple languages and a broad intellectual curiosity. 1 
 
9.  ANS- B. Andal was a woman Nayanar, she incorporated the prevailing caste 
system in the society. 
1 
 
 
10.  ANS- D. An imperial decree granting land or privileges to a sacred organization. 
 
1 
 
11. ANS- D.    a-(ii)      b-  (i)    c-  (iv)       d-  (iii) 
 
1 
 
12.  ANS-B- The opening of the new world through voyages. 
 
1 
 
13. ANS- B-By providing information on administrative and cultural traditions. 1 
 
14.  ANS- B- The dominance of state-controlled resources and limitations on private 
property. 
 
1 
 
15.  ANS-B- India's cotton production increased while the United States experienced a 
decline. 
 
1 
 
16.  ANS-B- Due to the displacement of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah and taluqdars 
 
1 
 
17.  ANS- D. I, IV,III & II  1 
 
18.  ANS-  B-Freedom to cultivate the crops of their choice 1 
 
19  ANS-A-USA 1 
 
20 ANSWER- A. Nana Sahib 1 
Page 2


1                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
HISTORY (027) 
Class XII 2024-25 
MARKING SCHEME  
Time Allowed: 3hrs                                                                                                   Maximum Marks:80  
                                                       SECTION – A                                                     21x1=21 
                                          OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS                                                      
1. ANS- C- It witnessed the flourishing collection of ancient Tamil literature. 
 
1 
 
2. A. ANS-B-Satvahana  
B.  
1 
 
3. ANS-A- Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)is the correct explanation of (A) 1 
 
4. ANS-C-I&II 1 
 
5.  ANS-    D.   a- (ii)       b- (iii)     c- (i)      d-   (iv) 1 
 
6.  ANS-D -Rudradaman 1 
7. ANS-A- Ajanta Cave Paintings 
 
NOTE: The following question is only for the visually impaired candidate in lieu of 
Q7 
 
ANS- B-Maharashtra 
1 
 
 
1 
 
 
8.  ANS-B-Fluency in multiple languages and a broad intellectual curiosity. 1 
 
9.  ANS- B. Andal was a woman Nayanar, she incorporated the prevailing caste 
system in the society. 
1 
 
 
10.  ANS- D. An imperial decree granting land or privileges to a sacred organization. 
 
1 
 
11. ANS- D.    a-(ii)      b-  (i)    c-  (iv)       d-  (iii) 
 
1 
 
12.  ANS-B- The opening of the new world through voyages. 
 
1 
 
13. ANS- B-By providing information on administrative and cultural traditions. 1 
 
14.  ANS- B- The dominance of state-controlled resources and limitations on private 
property. 
 
1 
 
15.  ANS-B- India's cotton production increased while the United States experienced a 
decline. 
 
1 
 
16.  ANS-B- Due to the displacement of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah and taluqdars 
 
1 
 
17.  ANS- D. I, IV,III & II  1 
 
18.  ANS-  B-Freedom to cultivate the crops of their choice 1 
 
19  ANS-A-USA 1 
 
20 ANSWER- A. Nana Sahib 1 
2                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
  
21.  ANS-B -Democracy, equality, and justice 1 
 SECTION B 
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS                     
6 x 3 =18 
 
22 A. Every house was connected to the street drains. 
i. The main channels were made of bricks set in mortar were covered with loose 
bricks that could be removed for cleaning. 
ii. In some cases, limestone was used for the covers.  
iii. House drains first emptied into a sump or cesspit into which solid matter settled 
while wastewater flowed out into the street drains. 
iv. Very long drainage channels were provided at intervals with sumps for cleaning. 
v. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
 
 
                                                         OR 
B.   
i. Historians have called the Harappans script as enigmatic. 
ii. They have found that Harappan inscriptions are short, the longest containing 
about 26 signs. 
iii. Although the script remains un deciphered to date, it was evidently not 
alphabetical but syllable. 
iv. It has just too many signs –somewhere between 375 and 400. 
v. The script was written from right to left as some seals show a wider spacing on 
the right and cramping on the left, as if the engraver began working from the 
right and then ran out of space.  
vi. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
23 i.The Mahabharata incorporates stories, customs, and beliefs from various 
regions of the Indian subcontinent, reflecting the multicultural aspects of ancient 
Indian society where different communities coexisted and interacted. 
 
ii.Variations in social practices, such as marriage and rituals, as depicted in the 
Mahabharata, highlight the dynamic nature of Indian society like polyandry, 
polygamy, exogamy, endogamy, etc. 
 
iii.The epic illustrates the ongoing exchange between diverse communities, 
including Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras, as well as interactions 
with tribal groups and other cultures. Ex – Hidimba, mlechchas, etc 
 
iv.These interactions enriched Indian society through the exchange of ideas and 
cultural practices. 
v.The Mahabharata portrays conflicts and consensus among different social 
groups and ideologies.  
vi.Communities adapted the epic to their cultural contexts, leading to diverse 
versions and interpretations. Like V S Suthankar’s preparation of critical edition.  
vii.Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained.                                            
3 
 
 
24 A. 
i. Bhakti and Sufi poets composed their verses in vernacular languages. 
ii. This helped in the standardization and development of various regional 
languages such as Hindi, Bengali, Punjabi, Urdu, and others. 
3 
 
 
 
Page 3


1                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
HISTORY (027) 
Class XII 2024-25 
MARKING SCHEME  
Time Allowed: 3hrs                                                                                                   Maximum Marks:80  
                                                       SECTION – A                                                     21x1=21 
                                          OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS                                                      
1. ANS- C- It witnessed the flourishing collection of ancient Tamil literature. 
 
1 
 
2. A. ANS-B-Satvahana  
B.  
1 
 
3. ANS-A- Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)is the correct explanation of (A) 1 
 
4. ANS-C-I&II 1 
 
5.  ANS-    D.   a- (ii)       b- (iii)     c- (i)      d-   (iv) 1 
 
6.  ANS-D -Rudradaman 1 
7. ANS-A- Ajanta Cave Paintings 
 
NOTE: The following question is only for the visually impaired candidate in lieu of 
Q7 
 
ANS- B-Maharashtra 
1 
 
 
1 
 
 
8.  ANS-B-Fluency in multiple languages and a broad intellectual curiosity. 1 
 
9.  ANS- B. Andal was a woman Nayanar, she incorporated the prevailing caste 
system in the society. 
1 
 
 
10.  ANS- D. An imperial decree granting land or privileges to a sacred organization. 
 
1 
 
11. ANS- D.    a-(ii)      b-  (i)    c-  (iv)       d-  (iii) 
 
1 
 
12.  ANS-B- The opening of the new world through voyages. 
 
1 
 
13. ANS- B-By providing information on administrative and cultural traditions. 1 
 
14.  ANS- B- The dominance of state-controlled resources and limitations on private 
property. 
 
1 
 
15.  ANS-B- India's cotton production increased while the United States experienced a 
decline. 
 
1 
 
16.  ANS-B- Due to the displacement of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah and taluqdars 
 
1 
 
17.  ANS- D. I, IV,III & II  1 
 
18.  ANS-  B-Freedom to cultivate the crops of their choice 1 
 
19  ANS-A-USA 1 
 
20 ANSWER- A. Nana Sahib 1 
2                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
  
21.  ANS-B -Democracy, equality, and justice 1 
 SECTION B 
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS                     
6 x 3 =18 
 
22 A. Every house was connected to the street drains. 
i. The main channels were made of bricks set in mortar were covered with loose 
bricks that could be removed for cleaning. 
ii. In some cases, limestone was used for the covers.  
iii. House drains first emptied into a sump or cesspit into which solid matter settled 
while wastewater flowed out into the street drains. 
iv. Very long drainage channels were provided at intervals with sumps for cleaning. 
v. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
 
 
                                                         OR 
B.   
i. Historians have called the Harappans script as enigmatic. 
ii. They have found that Harappan inscriptions are short, the longest containing 
about 26 signs. 
iii. Although the script remains un deciphered to date, it was evidently not 
alphabetical but syllable. 
iv. It has just too many signs –somewhere between 375 and 400. 
v. The script was written from right to left as some seals show a wider spacing on 
the right and cramping on the left, as if the engraver began working from the 
right and then ran out of space.  
vi. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
23 i.The Mahabharata incorporates stories, customs, and beliefs from various 
regions of the Indian subcontinent, reflecting the multicultural aspects of ancient 
Indian society where different communities coexisted and interacted. 
 
ii.Variations in social practices, such as marriage and rituals, as depicted in the 
Mahabharata, highlight the dynamic nature of Indian society like polyandry, 
polygamy, exogamy, endogamy, etc. 
 
iii.The epic illustrates the ongoing exchange between diverse communities, 
including Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras, as well as interactions 
with tribal groups and other cultures. Ex – Hidimba, mlechchas, etc 
 
iv.These interactions enriched Indian society through the exchange of ideas and 
cultural practices. 
v.The Mahabharata portrays conflicts and consensus among different social 
groups and ideologies.  
vi.Communities adapted the epic to their cultural contexts, leading to diverse 
versions and interpretations. Like V S Suthankar’s preparation of critical edition.  
vii.Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained.                                            
3 
 
 
24 A. 
i. Bhakti and Sufi poets composed their verses in vernacular languages. 
ii. This helped in the standardization and development of various regional 
languages such as Hindi, Bengali, Punjabi, Urdu, and others. 
3 
 
 
 
3                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
iii. Both Bhakti and Sufi movements emphasized the universality of love, devotion, 
and spiritual experience, transcending linguistic, cultural, and religious 
boundaries.  
iv. Nayanar Alvars , Tamil Bhakti Tradition composed hymns praising Lord Shiva in 
Tamil. Their poems,  Tevaram, and Naliyaradivyaprabhandham are revered for 
their devotional fervor and literary excellence. 
v. Sufi Poetry, wrote verses expressing the depths of mystical love and spiritual 
longing.  
vi. the Chishtis, particularly in Delhi, embraced the use of local languages like 
Hindavi to communicate with the common people, fostering a deeper 
connection with the masses. 
vii. Sufi saints like Baba Farid expressed their spiritual insights through verses 
composed in the local language, some of which were included in the Guru 
Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhism. 
viii. Others, like Malik Muhammad Jayasi, utilized local languages to create 
allegorical love stories such as the Padmavat, symbolizing the journey of the 
soul towards divine love. 
ix. In Bijapur, Karnataka, Chishti Sufis crafted short poems in Dakhani. 
x. The lingayat vachanas of Kannada and the abhangs of Marathi saints from 
Pandharpur. 
xi. Guru Nanak Dev, Sikhism, composed hymns known as "Shabads" that are 
included in the Guru Granth Sahib. His verses convey messages of universal 
love, equality, and devotion to the divine. 
xii. Kabir, a mystic poet and saint, challenged social norms and religious dogmas 
through his verses in sant bhasha 
xiii. Mirabai composed bhajans and poems expressing her unconditional love and 
longing for the divine.  
xiv. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
 
 
 
 
                                                                   OR  
B.  
i. The poems of Appar, Sambandar and Sundarar form the Tevaram, a collection 
that was compiled and classified in the tenth century on the basis of the music 
of the songs. 
ii. These kings introduced the singing of Tamil Shaiva hymns in the temples under 
royal patronage, taking the initiative to collect and organise them into a text 
(Tevaram). 
iii. Sufi’s ziyarat is the use of music and dance including mystical chants performed 
by specially trained musicians or qawwals to evoke divine ecstasy.  
iv. The Sufis remember God either by reciting the zikr (the Divine Names) or 
evoking His Presence through sama‘(literally, “audition”) or performance of 
mystical music. Sama‘ was integral to the Chishtis, and exemplified interaction 
with indigenous 
v. devotional traditions. 
vi. The message of Baba Guru Nanak is spelt out in his hymns and teachings. 
These suggest that he advocated a form of nirguna bhakti. 
vii. The fifth preceptor, Guru Arjan, compiled Baba Guru Nanak’s hymns along with 
those of his four successors and other religious poets like Baba Farid, Ravidas 
(also known as Raidas) and Kabir in the Adi Granth Sahib. These hymns, called 
“gurbani”, are composed in various languages. 
viii. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
 
Page 4


1                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
HISTORY (027) 
Class XII 2024-25 
MARKING SCHEME  
Time Allowed: 3hrs                                                                                                   Maximum Marks:80  
                                                       SECTION – A                                                     21x1=21 
                                          OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS                                                      
1. ANS- C- It witnessed the flourishing collection of ancient Tamil literature. 
 
1 
 
2. A. ANS-B-Satvahana  
B.  
1 
 
3. ANS-A- Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)is the correct explanation of (A) 1 
 
4. ANS-C-I&II 1 
 
5.  ANS-    D.   a- (ii)       b- (iii)     c- (i)      d-   (iv) 1 
 
6.  ANS-D -Rudradaman 1 
7. ANS-A- Ajanta Cave Paintings 
 
NOTE: The following question is only for the visually impaired candidate in lieu of 
Q7 
 
ANS- B-Maharashtra 
1 
 
 
1 
 
 
8.  ANS-B-Fluency in multiple languages and a broad intellectual curiosity. 1 
 
9.  ANS- B. Andal was a woman Nayanar, she incorporated the prevailing caste 
system in the society. 
1 
 
 
10.  ANS- D. An imperial decree granting land or privileges to a sacred organization. 
 
1 
 
11. ANS- D.    a-(ii)      b-  (i)    c-  (iv)       d-  (iii) 
 
1 
 
12.  ANS-B- The opening of the new world through voyages. 
 
1 
 
13. ANS- B-By providing information on administrative and cultural traditions. 1 
 
14.  ANS- B- The dominance of state-controlled resources and limitations on private 
property. 
 
1 
 
15.  ANS-B- India's cotton production increased while the United States experienced a 
decline. 
 
1 
 
16.  ANS-B- Due to the displacement of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah and taluqdars 
 
1 
 
17.  ANS- D. I, IV,III & II  1 
 
18.  ANS-  B-Freedom to cultivate the crops of their choice 1 
 
19  ANS-A-USA 1 
 
20 ANSWER- A. Nana Sahib 1 
2                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
  
21.  ANS-B -Democracy, equality, and justice 1 
 SECTION B 
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS                     
6 x 3 =18 
 
22 A. Every house was connected to the street drains. 
i. The main channels were made of bricks set in mortar were covered with loose 
bricks that could be removed for cleaning. 
ii. In some cases, limestone was used for the covers.  
iii. House drains first emptied into a sump or cesspit into which solid matter settled 
while wastewater flowed out into the street drains. 
iv. Very long drainage channels were provided at intervals with sumps for cleaning. 
v. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
 
 
                                                         OR 
B.   
i. Historians have called the Harappans script as enigmatic. 
ii. They have found that Harappan inscriptions are short, the longest containing 
about 26 signs. 
iii. Although the script remains un deciphered to date, it was evidently not 
alphabetical but syllable. 
iv. It has just too many signs –somewhere between 375 and 400. 
v. The script was written from right to left as some seals show a wider spacing on 
the right and cramping on the left, as if the engraver began working from the 
right and then ran out of space.  
vi. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
23 i.The Mahabharata incorporates stories, customs, and beliefs from various 
regions of the Indian subcontinent, reflecting the multicultural aspects of ancient 
Indian society where different communities coexisted and interacted. 
 
ii.Variations in social practices, such as marriage and rituals, as depicted in the 
Mahabharata, highlight the dynamic nature of Indian society like polyandry, 
polygamy, exogamy, endogamy, etc. 
 
iii.The epic illustrates the ongoing exchange between diverse communities, 
including Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras, as well as interactions 
with tribal groups and other cultures. Ex – Hidimba, mlechchas, etc 
 
iv.These interactions enriched Indian society through the exchange of ideas and 
cultural practices. 
v.The Mahabharata portrays conflicts and consensus among different social 
groups and ideologies.  
vi.Communities adapted the epic to their cultural contexts, leading to diverse 
versions and interpretations. Like V S Suthankar’s preparation of critical edition.  
vii.Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained.                                            
3 
 
 
24 A. 
i. Bhakti and Sufi poets composed their verses in vernacular languages. 
ii. This helped in the standardization and development of various regional 
languages such as Hindi, Bengali, Punjabi, Urdu, and others. 
3 
 
 
 
3                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
iii. Both Bhakti and Sufi movements emphasized the universality of love, devotion, 
and spiritual experience, transcending linguistic, cultural, and religious 
boundaries.  
iv. Nayanar Alvars , Tamil Bhakti Tradition composed hymns praising Lord Shiva in 
Tamil. Their poems,  Tevaram, and Naliyaradivyaprabhandham are revered for 
their devotional fervor and literary excellence. 
v. Sufi Poetry, wrote verses expressing the depths of mystical love and spiritual 
longing.  
vi. the Chishtis, particularly in Delhi, embraced the use of local languages like 
Hindavi to communicate with the common people, fostering a deeper 
connection with the masses. 
vii. Sufi saints like Baba Farid expressed their spiritual insights through verses 
composed in the local language, some of which were included in the Guru 
Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhism. 
viii. Others, like Malik Muhammad Jayasi, utilized local languages to create 
allegorical love stories such as the Padmavat, symbolizing the journey of the 
soul towards divine love. 
ix. In Bijapur, Karnataka, Chishti Sufis crafted short poems in Dakhani. 
x. The lingayat vachanas of Kannada and the abhangs of Marathi saints from 
Pandharpur. 
xi. Guru Nanak Dev, Sikhism, composed hymns known as "Shabads" that are 
included in the Guru Granth Sahib. His verses convey messages of universal 
love, equality, and devotion to the divine. 
xii. Kabir, a mystic poet and saint, challenged social norms and religious dogmas 
through his verses in sant bhasha 
xiii. Mirabai composed bhajans and poems expressing her unconditional love and 
longing for the divine.  
xiv. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
 
 
 
 
                                                                   OR  
B.  
i. The poems of Appar, Sambandar and Sundarar form the Tevaram, a collection 
that was compiled and classified in the tenth century on the basis of the music 
of the songs. 
ii. These kings introduced the singing of Tamil Shaiva hymns in the temples under 
royal patronage, taking the initiative to collect and organise them into a text 
(Tevaram). 
iii. Sufi’s ziyarat is the use of music and dance including mystical chants performed 
by specially trained musicians or qawwals to evoke divine ecstasy.  
iv. The Sufis remember God either by reciting the zikr (the Divine Names) or 
evoking His Presence through sama‘(literally, “audition”) or performance of 
mystical music. Sama‘ was integral to the Chishtis, and exemplified interaction 
with indigenous 
v. devotional traditions. 
vi. The message of Baba Guru Nanak is spelt out in his hymns and teachings. 
These suggest that he advocated a form of nirguna bhakti. 
vii. The fifth preceptor, Guru Arjan, compiled Baba Guru Nanak’s hymns along with 
those of his four successors and other religious poets like Baba Farid, Ravidas 
(also known as Raidas) and Kabir in the Adi Granth Sahib. These hymns, called 
“gurbani”, are composed in various languages. 
viii. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
 
4                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
25. i. There was individual ownership of assets and deep inequities based on caste 
and gender distinctions.  
ii. A group of powerful individuals decided the affairs of the village, exploited the 
weaker sections and had the authority to dispense justice. 
iii. More importantly, a cash nexus had already developed through trade between 
villages and towns. 
iv. In the Mughal heartland too, revenue was assessed and collected in cash. 
Artisans producing for the export market (for example, weavers) received their 
advances or wages in cash, as did producers of commercial products like 
cotton, silk or indigo. 
v. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
3 
 
 
 
26. Describe the aspirations and objectives of the rebels during the Indian 
Rebellion of 1857, as reflected in their proclamations and actions? 
 
i. The proclamations condemned the British for the annexations they had 
carried out and the treaties they had broken. 
ii. Condemned British land revenue settlements. 
iii. Every aspect of British rule was attacked and the firangi accused of 
destroying a way of life that was familiar and cherished.  
iv. The rebels wanted to restore that world. 
v. The proclamations expressed the widespread fear that the British were bent 
on destroying the caste and religions of Hindus and Muslims and converting 
them to Christianity. 
vi. People were urged to come together and fight to save their livelihood, their 
faith, their honour, their identity – a fight which was for the “greater public 
good”. 
vii. The proclamations sought to unify all social groups in the fight against firangi 
raj. 
viii. Azamgarh proclamation  
ix. Sepoy grievances like religious objections to the Enfield rifle cartridges, poor 
service conditions, and racial discrimination by British officers  
x. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
3 
 
27. i. During the late eighteenth century, while many zamindars faced crises, a 
group of affluent peasants, known as jotedars, were consolidating their power 
in rural villages. 
ii. Jotedars, had amassed extensive landholdings, sometimes spanning several 
thousand acres. 
iii. Jotedars wielded significant influence over local trade and moneylending, 
exerting immense control over poorer cultivators in the region. 
iv. A substantial portion of jotedars' land was cultivated through sharecroppers 
(adhiyars or bargadars), who worked the fields with their own tools and 
surrendered half the produce to the jotedars after harvest. 
v. Unlike zamindars who often resided in urban areas, jotedars were situated in 
villages, allowing them direct control over a significant portion of the rural 
population. 
vi. Jotedars fiercely resisted attempts by zamindars to increase village revenue, 
obstructed zamindari officials, mobilized dependent ryots, and deliberately 
delayed revenue payments to zamindars. 
vii. In instances where zamindars' estates were auctioned due to revenue default, 
jotedars frequently became purchasers, further consolidating their authority. 
3 
 
 
 
 
 
Page 5


1                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
HISTORY (027) 
Class XII 2024-25 
MARKING SCHEME  
Time Allowed: 3hrs                                                                                                   Maximum Marks:80  
                                                       SECTION – A                                                     21x1=21 
                                          OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS                                                      
1. ANS- C- It witnessed the flourishing collection of ancient Tamil literature. 
 
1 
 
2. A. ANS-B-Satvahana  
B.  
1 
 
3. ANS-A- Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)is the correct explanation of (A) 1 
 
4. ANS-C-I&II 1 
 
5.  ANS-    D.   a- (ii)       b- (iii)     c- (i)      d-   (iv) 1 
 
6.  ANS-D -Rudradaman 1 
7. ANS-A- Ajanta Cave Paintings 
 
NOTE: The following question is only for the visually impaired candidate in lieu of 
Q7 
 
ANS- B-Maharashtra 
1 
 
 
1 
 
 
8.  ANS-B-Fluency in multiple languages and a broad intellectual curiosity. 1 
 
9.  ANS- B. Andal was a woman Nayanar, she incorporated the prevailing caste 
system in the society. 
1 
 
 
10.  ANS- D. An imperial decree granting land or privileges to a sacred organization. 
 
1 
 
11. ANS- D.    a-(ii)      b-  (i)    c-  (iv)       d-  (iii) 
 
1 
 
12.  ANS-B- The opening of the new world through voyages. 
 
1 
 
13. ANS- B-By providing information on administrative and cultural traditions. 1 
 
14.  ANS- B- The dominance of state-controlled resources and limitations on private 
property. 
 
1 
 
15.  ANS-B- India's cotton production increased while the United States experienced a 
decline. 
 
1 
 
16.  ANS-B- Due to the displacement of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah and taluqdars 
 
1 
 
17.  ANS- D. I, IV,III & II  1 
 
18.  ANS-  B-Freedom to cultivate the crops of their choice 1 
 
19  ANS-A-USA 1 
 
20 ANSWER- A. Nana Sahib 1 
2                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
  
21.  ANS-B -Democracy, equality, and justice 1 
 SECTION B 
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS                     
6 x 3 =18 
 
22 A. Every house was connected to the street drains. 
i. The main channels were made of bricks set in mortar were covered with loose 
bricks that could be removed for cleaning. 
ii. In some cases, limestone was used for the covers.  
iii. House drains first emptied into a sump or cesspit into which solid matter settled 
while wastewater flowed out into the street drains. 
iv. Very long drainage channels were provided at intervals with sumps for cleaning. 
v. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
 
 
                                                         OR 
B.   
i. Historians have called the Harappans script as enigmatic. 
ii. They have found that Harappan inscriptions are short, the longest containing 
about 26 signs. 
iii. Although the script remains un deciphered to date, it was evidently not 
alphabetical but syllable. 
iv. It has just too many signs –somewhere between 375 and 400. 
v. The script was written from right to left as some seals show a wider spacing on 
the right and cramping on the left, as if the engraver began working from the 
right and then ran out of space.  
vi. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
23 i.The Mahabharata incorporates stories, customs, and beliefs from various 
regions of the Indian subcontinent, reflecting the multicultural aspects of ancient 
Indian society where different communities coexisted and interacted. 
 
ii.Variations in social practices, such as marriage and rituals, as depicted in the 
Mahabharata, highlight the dynamic nature of Indian society like polyandry, 
polygamy, exogamy, endogamy, etc. 
 
iii.The epic illustrates the ongoing exchange between diverse communities, 
including Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras, as well as interactions 
with tribal groups and other cultures. Ex – Hidimba, mlechchas, etc 
 
iv.These interactions enriched Indian society through the exchange of ideas and 
cultural practices. 
v.The Mahabharata portrays conflicts and consensus among different social 
groups and ideologies.  
vi.Communities adapted the epic to their cultural contexts, leading to diverse 
versions and interpretations. Like V S Suthankar’s preparation of critical edition.  
vii.Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained.                                            
3 
 
 
24 A. 
i. Bhakti and Sufi poets composed their verses in vernacular languages. 
ii. This helped in the standardization and development of various regional 
languages such as Hindi, Bengali, Punjabi, Urdu, and others. 
3 
 
 
 
3                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
iii. Both Bhakti and Sufi movements emphasized the universality of love, devotion, 
and spiritual experience, transcending linguistic, cultural, and religious 
boundaries.  
iv. Nayanar Alvars , Tamil Bhakti Tradition composed hymns praising Lord Shiva in 
Tamil. Their poems,  Tevaram, and Naliyaradivyaprabhandham are revered for 
their devotional fervor and literary excellence. 
v. Sufi Poetry, wrote verses expressing the depths of mystical love and spiritual 
longing.  
vi. the Chishtis, particularly in Delhi, embraced the use of local languages like 
Hindavi to communicate with the common people, fostering a deeper 
connection with the masses. 
vii. Sufi saints like Baba Farid expressed their spiritual insights through verses 
composed in the local language, some of which were included in the Guru 
Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhism. 
viii. Others, like Malik Muhammad Jayasi, utilized local languages to create 
allegorical love stories such as the Padmavat, symbolizing the journey of the 
soul towards divine love. 
ix. In Bijapur, Karnataka, Chishti Sufis crafted short poems in Dakhani. 
x. The lingayat vachanas of Kannada and the abhangs of Marathi saints from 
Pandharpur. 
xi. Guru Nanak Dev, Sikhism, composed hymns known as "Shabads" that are 
included in the Guru Granth Sahib. His verses convey messages of universal 
love, equality, and devotion to the divine. 
xii. Kabir, a mystic poet and saint, challenged social norms and religious dogmas 
through his verses in sant bhasha 
xiii. Mirabai composed bhajans and poems expressing her unconditional love and 
longing for the divine.  
xiv. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
 
 
 
 
                                                                   OR  
B.  
i. The poems of Appar, Sambandar and Sundarar form the Tevaram, a collection 
that was compiled and classified in the tenth century on the basis of the music 
of the songs. 
ii. These kings introduced the singing of Tamil Shaiva hymns in the temples under 
royal patronage, taking the initiative to collect and organise them into a text 
(Tevaram). 
iii. Sufi’s ziyarat is the use of music and dance including mystical chants performed 
by specially trained musicians or qawwals to evoke divine ecstasy.  
iv. The Sufis remember God either by reciting the zikr (the Divine Names) or 
evoking His Presence through sama‘(literally, “audition”) or performance of 
mystical music. Sama‘ was integral to the Chishtis, and exemplified interaction 
with indigenous 
v. devotional traditions. 
vi. The message of Baba Guru Nanak is spelt out in his hymns and teachings. 
These suggest that he advocated a form of nirguna bhakti. 
vii. The fifth preceptor, Guru Arjan, compiled Baba Guru Nanak’s hymns along with 
those of his four successors and other religious poets like Baba Farid, Ravidas 
(also known as Raidas) and Kabir in the Adi Granth Sahib. These hymns, called 
“gurbani”, are composed in various languages. 
viii. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
 
4                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
25. i. There was individual ownership of assets and deep inequities based on caste 
and gender distinctions.  
ii. A group of powerful individuals decided the affairs of the village, exploited the 
weaker sections and had the authority to dispense justice. 
iii. More importantly, a cash nexus had already developed through trade between 
villages and towns. 
iv. In the Mughal heartland too, revenue was assessed and collected in cash. 
Artisans producing for the export market (for example, weavers) received their 
advances or wages in cash, as did producers of commercial products like 
cotton, silk or indigo. 
v. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
3 
 
 
 
26. Describe the aspirations and objectives of the rebels during the Indian 
Rebellion of 1857, as reflected in their proclamations and actions? 
 
i. The proclamations condemned the British for the annexations they had 
carried out and the treaties they had broken. 
ii. Condemned British land revenue settlements. 
iii. Every aspect of British rule was attacked and the firangi accused of 
destroying a way of life that was familiar and cherished.  
iv. The rebels wanted to restore that world. 
v. The proclamations expressed the widespread fear that the British were bent 
on destroying the caste and religions of Hindus and Muslims and converting 
them to Christianity. 
vi. People were urged to come together and fight to save their livelihood, their 
faith, their honour, their identity – a fight which was for the “greater public 
good”. 
vii. The proclamations sought to unify all social groups in the fight against firangi 
raj. 
viii. Azamgarh proclamation  
ix. Sepoy grievances like religious objections to the Enfield rifle cartridges, poor 
service conditions, and racial discrimination by British officers  
x. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
3 
 
27. i. During the late eighteenth century, while many zamindars faced crises, a 
group of affluent peasants, known as jotedars, were consolidating their power 
in rural villages. 
ii. Jotedars, had amassed extensive landholdings, sometimes spanning several 
thousand acres. 
iii. Jotedars wielded significant influence over local trade and moneylending, 
exerting immense control over poorer cultivators in the region. 
iv. A substantial portion of jotedars' land was cultivated through sharecroppers 
(adhiyars or bargadars), who worked the fields with their own tools and 
surrendered half the produce to the jotedars after harvest. 
v. Unlike zamindars who often resided in urban areas, jotedars were situated in 
villages, allowing them direct control over a significant portion of the rural 
population. 
vi. Jotedars fiercely resisted attempts by zamindars to increase village revenue, 
obstructed zamindari officials, mobilized dependent ryots, and deliberately 
delayed revenue payments to zamindars. 
vii. In instances where zamindars' estates were auctioned due to revenue default, 
jotedars frequently became purchasers, further consolidating their authority. 
3 
 
 
 
 
 
5                                                                                                                                                           MS-HISTORY-2024-25 
 
viii. Jotedars were particularly influential in North Bengal, although similar affluent 
peasants and village headmen were emerging in other parts of Bengal, known 
by different names such as haoladars, gantidars, or mandals. 
ix. The rise of jotedars inevitably weakened zamindari authority, shifting power 
dynamics in rural Bengal. 
x. Any other relevant point 
Any three points to be explained. 
 SECTION -C 
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 
3 x 8 =24 
28.  A.  
i. The emergence of influential thinkers such as Zarathustra in Iran, Kong Zi in 
China, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle in Greece, and Mahavira and Gautama 
Buddha in India marked a period of deep philosophical inquiry into the 
mysteries of existence. 
ii.  Relationship between humans and the cosmic order were discussed. 
iii. New kingdoms and cities were developing, and social and economic life was 
undergoing significant changes in the Ganga valley. 
iv. Prompting these thinkers to also contemplate these societal transformations. 
v. Pre-existing traditions, including the early Vedic tradition as known from the 
Rigveda involved hymns praising deities like Agni, Indra, and Soma, often 
chanted during sacrifices where people prayed for various blessings such as 
cattle, sons and good health. 
vi. Sacrifices were collective affairs, but later some were performed individually 
by household heads for the well-being of their families.  
vii. More elaborate rituals like the rajasuya and ashvamedha were conducted by 
chiefs and kings, with Brahmana priests overseeing the ceremonies. 
viii. The Upanishads reflect a growing curiosity about the meaning of life, the 
possibility of life after death, and other profound existential inquiries.  
ix. These texts delve into metaphysical concepts and explore the nature of 
reality and human consciousness. 
x. Mahavira and the Buddha emphasised individual agency – suggesting that 
men and women could strive to attain liberation from the trials and tribulations 
of worldly existence. 
xi. Any other relevant point 
Any eight points to be explained. 
8 
 
 
 
OR 
 
 
B.  
i. Stupas were constructed at sites considered sacred due to their association 
with the Buddha's life events or relics.  
ii. For example, stupas were built at Bodh Gaya, where the Buddha attained 
enlightenment, and Sarnath, where he delivered his first sermon. 
iii. These sacred sites became centers of pilgrimage for Buddhists, drawing 
devotees from distant regions. 
iv. Stupas often featured carvings, reliefs, or inscriptions depicting scenes from 
the life of the Buddha. 
v.  Stupas contained Jataka tales. 
vi. Sanchi identify it as a scene from 
vii. The Vessantara Jataka stories of the Buddha's past lives, and important 
events in Buddhist history. 
8