PPT: Alcohols & Ethers

 Page 1


Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers
Page 2


Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers
Page 3


Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers
? Alcohols and phenols are formed when a 
hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, aliphatic 
and aromatic respectively, is replaced by –OH 
group.
? An alcohol contains one or more hydroxyl 
(OH) group(s) directly attached to carbon 
atom(s), of an aliphatic system (CH
3
OH) while 
a phenol contains –OH group(s) directly 
attached to carbon atom(s) of an aromatic 
system (C
6
H
5
OH).
Page 4


Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers
? Alcohols and phenols are formed when a 
hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, aliphatic 
and aromatic respectively, is replaced by –OH 
group.
? An alcohol contains one or more hydroxyl 
(OH) group(s) directly attached to carbon 
atom(s), of an aliphatic system (CH
3
OH) while 
a phenol contains –OH group(s) directly 
attached to carbon atom(s) of an aromatic 
system (C
6
H
5
OH).
? The subsitution of a hydrogen atom in a 
hydrocarbon by an alkoxy or aryloxy group 
(R–O/Ar–O) yields another class of compounds 
known as ‘ethers’, for example, CH
3
OCH
3
.
Page 5


Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers
? Alcohols and phenols are formed when a 
hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, aliphatic 
and aromatic respectively, is replaced by –OH 
group.
? An alcohol contains one or more hydroxyl 
(OH) group(s) directly attached to carbon 
atom(s), of an aliphatic system (CH
3
OH) while 
a phenol contains –OH group(s) directly 
attached to carbon atom(s) of an aromatic 
system (C
6
H
5
OH).
? The subsitution of a hydrogen atom in a 
hydrocarbon by an alkoxy or aryloxy group 
(R–O/Ar–O) yields another class of compounds 
known as ‘ethers’, for example, CH
3
OCH
3
.
? Alcohols and phenols may be classified as 
mono–, di–, tri- or polyhydric compounds 
depending on whether they contain 
one, two, three or many hydroxyl groups 
respectively.