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NCERT Textbook: Number Play

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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Number Play

1. What are factors and multiples, and how do I tell them apart?
Ans. Factors are numbers that divide evenly into another number with no remainder, while multiples are numbers obtained by multiplying a number by whole numbers. For example, factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12; multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15. Every number is a factor and multiple of itself.
2. How do I find the greatest common divisor (GCD) and least common multiple (LCM) quickly?
Ans. The GCD is the largest number dividing two or more numbers evenly, while LCM is the smallest number divisible by all given numbers. Use prime factorisation: for GCD, multiply common prime factors; for LCM, multiply all prime factors with highest powers. For instance, GCD(12, 18) = 6 and LCM(12, 18) = 36.
3. Why do some numbers have so many factors while others have only two?
Ans. Numbers with exactly two factors (1 and itself) are prime numbers, while composite numbers have multiple factors. Prime numbers like 7, 11, and 13 are only divisible by 1 and themselves. Composite numbers like 12 and 18 have several divisors due to their prime factorisation, making them highly divisible.
4. How can I use divisibility rules to check if a number is divisible without actually dividing?
Ans. Divisibility rules are quick shortcuts: a number is divisible by 2 if it ends in an even digit, by 3 if the sum of digits is divisible by 3, by 5 if it ends in 0 or 5, and by 10 if it ends in 0. These patterns help solve number play problems efficiently and save time during mental arithmetic calculations.
5. What's the difference between co-prime numbers and twin primes in number patterns?
Ans. Co-prime numbers share no common factors except 1 (like 8 and 9), while twin primes are pairs of prime numbers differing by 2 (like 11 and 13, or 17 and 19). Understanding these relationships helps recognise patterns in number sequences and strengthens problem-solving skills for Class 7 mathematics assessments.
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