Textbook Solutions: Environmental management

 Page 1


Environmental Management 
Exercise 
Q. 1. Reorganize the following food chain. Describe the ecosystem to which it 
belongs. Grasshopper – Snake – Paddy field – Eagle – Frog. 
Answer : Paddy Field-Grasshopper-Frog-Snake-Eagle. 
Explanation: Paddy is cultivated on large scale in various states of South India. Paddy 
fields are frequently attacked by grasshoppers. Similarly, frogs are also present in large 
number in the mud of paddy fields, to feed upon grasshoppers and snakes are also 
present there in to feed upon frogs. 
Q. 2. Explain the statement- ‘we have got this Earth planet on lease from our 
future generations and not as an ancestral property from our ancestors.’ 
Answer : Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature. Hence, 
it is basic responsibility of human being to preserve the nature without disturbing its 
balance. 
It is said that we have got this Earth planet on lease from our future generations and not 
as an ancestral property from our ancestors. Hence, we should not forget to conserve it 
for ourselves and for future generations. 
Q. 3. A. Write short notes. 
 
Environmental Conservation. 
Answer : There is interrelationship between human and environment. Human utilized 
all the natural resources as much as possible. To live a satisfactory life, human kept on 
exploiting the nature as much as possible and this lead to increase in problems. There 
should be large scale participation of the people in environment conservation; 
environmental protection-conservation becomes an effective Public movement. Laws 
enacted about environmental conservation: 
Forest Conservation Act, 1980. The land reserved for forest conservation has been 
prohibited to use for any other purpose by this law. Ex. Permission of central 
government is compulsory for mining activities. Any person who disobeys this law is 
entitled to imprisonment for 15 days. 
Environmental Conservation Act, 1986. 
Purpose of this act is to control the pollution and punish the persons or institutes 
harming the environment. Any person or factory is prohibited by this act from releasing 
the pollutants in atmosphere beyond a permissible limit. The person breaching this rule 
Page 2


Environmental Management 
Exercise 
Q. 1. Reorganize the following food chain. Describe the ecosystem to which it 
belongs. Grasshopper – Snake – Paddy field – Eagle – Frog. 
Answer : Paddy Field-Grasshopper-Frog-Snake-Eagle. 
Explanation: Paddy is cultivated on large scale in various states of South India. Paddy 
fields are frequently attacked by grasshoppers. Similarly, frogs are also present in large 
number in the mud of paddy fields, to feed upon grasshoppers and snakes are also 
present there in to feed upon frogs. 
Q. 2. Explain the statement- ‘we have got this Earth planet on lease from our 
future generations and not as an ancestral property from our ancestors.’ 
Answer : Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature. Hence, 
it is basic responsibility of human being to preserve the nature without disturbing its 
balance. 
It is said that we have got this Earth planet on lease from our future generations and not 
as an ancestral property from our ancestors. Hence, we should not forget to conserve it 
for ourselves and for future generations. 
Q. 3. A. Write short notes. 
 
Environmental Conservation. 
Answer : There is interrelationship between human and environment. Human utilized 
all the natural resources as much as possible. To live a satisfactory life, human kept on 
exploiting the nature as much as possible and this lead to increase in problems. There 
should be large scale participation of the people in environment conservation; 
environmental protection-conservation becomes an effective Public movement. Laws 
enacted about environmental conservation: 
Forest Conservation Act, 1980. The land reserved for forest conservation has been 
prohibited to use for any other purpose by this law. Ex. Permission of central 
government is compulsory for mining activities. Any person who disobeys this law is 
entitled to imprisonment for 15 days. 
Environmental Conservation Act, 1986. 
Purpose of this act is to control the pollution and punish the persons or institutes 
harming the environment. Any person or factory is prohibited by this act from releasing 
the pollutants in atmosphere beyond a permissible limit. The person breaching this rule 
is entitled for either five-year imprisonment or fine up to Rs.1 lakh. National Green 
Tribunal has been established in 2010 for effective implementation of environment 
related laws. 
Q. 3. B. Write short notes. 
 
Chipko Movement of Bishnoi. 
Answer : In the 1970s, an organized resistance to the destruction of forests spread 
throughout India and came to be known as the Chipko movement. The name of the 
movement comes from the word 'embrace', as the villagers hugged the trees, and 
prevented the contractors' from felling them. 
The last few centuries many communities in India have helped save nature. One such is 
the Bishnoi community of Rajasthan. The original ’Chipko movement’ was started 
around 260 years back in the early part of the 18th century in Rajasthan by this 
community. A large group of them from 84 villages led by a lady called Amrita Devi laid 
down their lives in an effort to protect the trees from being felled on the orders of the 
Maharaja (King) of Jodhpur. After this incident, the maharaja gave a strong royal decree 
preventing the cutting of trees in all Bishnoi villages. 
Q. 3. C. Write short notes. 
 
Biodiversity. 
Answer : Biodiversity is the richness of living organisms in nature due to presence of 
varieties of organisms, ecosystems and genetic variations within a species. Biodiversity 
occurs at three different levels. 
Genetic Diversity 
Occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is genetic diversity. Ex. 
Each human being is different from other. Possibility of wiping out the species arises if 
there is decrease in the diversity within the species whose members involve in sexual 
reproduction. 
Species Diversity 
Innumerable species of organisms occur in the nature. This is called as species 
diversity. Species diversity includes various types of plants, animals and microbes. 
Ecosystem Diversity 
Many ecosystems are present in a region. Ecosystem is formed through the interaction 
between plants, animals, their habitat and changes in the environment. Each ecosystem 
has its own characteristic animals, plants, microbes and abiotic factors. 
Page 3


Environmental Management 
Exercise 
Q. 1. Reorganize the following food chain. Describe the ecosystem to which it 
belongs. Grasshopper – Snake – Paddy field – Eagle – Frog. 
Answer : Paddy Field-Grasshopper-Frog-Snake-Eagle. 
Explanation: Paddy is cultivated on large scale in various states of South India. Paddy 
fields are frequently attacked by grasshoppers. Similarly, frogs are also present in large 
number in the mud of paddy fields, to feed upon grasshoppers and snakes are also 
present there in to feed upon frogs. 
Q. 2. Explain the statement- ‘we have got this Earth planet on lease from our 
future generations and not as an ancestral property from our ancestors.’ 
Answer : Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature. Hence, 
it is basic responsibility of human being to preserve the nature without disturbing its 
balance. 
It is said that we have got this Earth planet on lease from our future generations and not 
as an ancestral property from our ancestors. Hence, we should not forget to conserve it 
for ourselves and for future generations. 
Q. 3. A. Write short notes. 
 
Environmental Conservation. 
Answer : There is interrelationship between human and environment. Human utilized 
all the natural resources as much as possible. To live a satisfactory life, human kept on 
exploiting the nature as much as possible and this lead to increase in problems. There 
should be large scale participation of the people in environment conservation; 
environmental protection-conservation becomes an effective Public movement. Laws 
enacted about environmental conservation: 
Forest Conservation Act, 1980. The land reserved for forest conservation has been 
prohibited to use for any other purpose by this law. Ex. Permission of central 
government is compulsory for mining activities. Any person who disobeys this law is 
entitled to imprisonment for 15 days. 
Environmental Conservation Act, 1986. 
Purpose of this act is to control the pollution and punish the persons or institutes 
harming the environment. Any person or factory is prohibited by this act from releasing 
the pollutants in atmosphere beyond a permissible limit. The person breaching this rule 
is entitled for either five-year imprisonment or fine up to Rs.1 lakh. National Green 
Tribunal has been established in 2010 for effective implementation of environment 
related laws. 
Q. 3. B. Write short notes. 
 
Chipko Movement of Bishnoi. 
Answer : In the 1970s, an organized resistance to the destruction of forests spread 
throughout India and came to be known as the Chipko movement. The name of the 
movement comes from the word 'embrace', as the villagers hugged the trees, and 
prevented the contractors' from felling them. 
The last few centuries many communities in India have helped save nature. One such is 
the Bishnoi community of Rajasthan. The original ’Chipko movement’ was started 
around 260 years back in the early part of the 18th century in Rajasthan by this 
community. A large group of them from 84 villages led by a lady called Amrita Devi laid 
down their lives in an effort to protect the trees from being felled on the orders of the 
Maharaja (King) of Jodhpur. After this incident, the maharaja gave a strong royal decree 
preventing the cutting of trees in all Bishnoi villages. 
Q. 3. C. Write short notes. 
 
Biodiversity. 
Answer : Biodiversity is the richness of living organisms in nature due to presence of 
varieties of organisms, ecosystems and genetic variations within a species. Biodiversity 
occurs at three different levels. 
Genetic Diversity 
Occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is genetic diversity. Ex. 
Each human being is different from other. Possibility of wiping out the species arises if 
there is decrease in the diversity within the species whose members involve in sexual 
reproduction. 
Species Diversity 
Innumerable species of organisms occur in the nature. This is called as species 
diversity. Species diversity includes various types of plants, animals and microbes. 
Ecosystem Diversity 
Many ecosystems are present in a region. Ecosystem is formed through the interaction 
between plants, animals, their habitat and changes in the environment. Each ecosystem 
has its own characteristic animals, plants, microbes and abiotic factors. 
Q. 3. D. Write short notes. 
 
Sacred Groves. 
Answer : Sacred groves are the forest conserved in the name of god and considered to 
be sacred. These are in fact ‘sanctuaries’ conserved by the society and not by the 
government forest department. As it has been conserved in the name of god, it has 
Special protection. These clusters of thick forests are found not only in Western Ghats 
of India but in the entire country. More than 13000 sacred groves have been reported in 
India. 
Q. 3. E. Write short notes. 
 
Disaster and its management. 
Answer : 1. Destroying a plant is to destroy everything. 
2. Practice afforestation to conserve environment. 
3. Forest is Wealth. 
4. Environmental protection is value education. 
5. Provident use of paper is prevention of deforestation. 
6. To practice the environmental protection is to development of human society. 
7. Pure air, pure water is key to healthy life. 
Q. 4. How will you justify that overcoming the pollution is a powerful way of 
environmental management? 
Answer : Several environmental problems have been arisen due to effect of various 
natural and artificial factors on the Earth. Environmental pollution is one of those main 
factors. Usually, contamination of any material is its pollution. Unnecessary and 
Unacceptable change in the surrounding environment due to natural events or human 
activities is called as environmental pollution. These are Direct or indirect changes in 
physical, chemical and biological properties of air, water and soil which will be harmful 
to human and other living beings is environmental pollution. Various reasons like 
population explosion, fast industrialization, and indiscriminate use of natural resources, 
deforestation, and unplanned urbanization are responsible for environmental pollution. 
Q. 5. Which projects will you run in relation to environmental conservation? How? 
Page 4


Environmental Management 
Exercise 
Q. 1. Reorganize the following food chain. Describe the ecosystem to which it 
belongs. Grasshopper – Snake – Paddy field – Eagle – Frog. 
Answer : Paddy Field-Grasshopper-Frog-Snake-Eagle. 
Explanation: Paddy is cultivated on large scale in various states of South India. Paddy 
fields are frequently attacked by grasshoppers. Similarly, frogs are also present in large 
number in the mud of paddy fields, to feed upon grasshoppers and snakes are also 
present there in to feed upon frogs. 
Q. 2. Explain the statement- ‘we have got this Earth planet on lease from our 
future generations and not as an ancestral property from our ancestors.’ 
Answer : Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature. Hence, 
it is basic responsibility of human being to preserve the nature without disturbing its 
balance. 
It is said that we have got this Earth planet on lease from our future generations and not 
as an ancestral property from our ancestors. Hence, we should not forget to conserve it 
for ourselves and for future generations. 
Q. 3. A. Write short notes. 
 
Environmental Conservation. 
Answer : There is interrelationship between human and environment. Human utilized 
all the natural resources as much as possible. To live a satisfactory life, human kept on 
exploiting the nature as much as possible and this lead to increase in problems. There 
should be large scale participation of the people in environment conservation; 
environmental protection-conservation becomes an effective Public movement. Laws 
enacted about environmental conservation: 
Forest Conservation Act, 1980. The land reserved for forest conservation has been 
prohibited to use for any other purpose by this law. Ex. Permission of central 
government is compulsory for mining activities. Any person who disobeys this law is 
entitled to imprisonment for 15 days. 
Environmental Conservation Act, 1986. 
Purpose of this act is to control the pollution and punish the persons or institutes 
harming the environment. Any person or factory is prohibited by this act from releasing 
the pollutants in atmosphere beyond a permissible limit. The person breaching this rule 
is entitled for either five-year imprisonment or fine up to Rs.1 lakh. National Green 
Tribunal has been established in 2010 for effective implementation of environment 
related laws. 
Q. 3. B. Write short notes. 
 
Chipko Movement of Bishnoi. 
Answer : In the 1970s, an organized resistance to the destruction of forests spread 
throughout India and came to be known as the Chipko movement. The name of the 
movement comes from the word 'embrace', as the villagers hugged the trees, and 
prevented the contractors' from felling them. 
The last few centuries many communities in India have helped save nature. One such is 
the Bishnoi community of Rajasthan. The original ’Chipko movement’ was started 
around 260 years back in the early part of the 18th century in Rajasthan by this 
community. A large group of them from 84 villages led by a lady called Amrita Devi laid 
down their lives in an effort to protect the trees from being felled on the orders of the 
Maharaja (King) of Jodhpur. After this incident, the maharaja gave a strong royal decree 
preventing the cutting of trees in all Bishnoi villages. 
Q. 3. C. Write short notes. 
 
Biodiversity. 
Answer : Biodiversity is the richness of living organisms in nature due to presence of 
varieties of organisms, ecosystems and genetic variations within a species. Biodiversity 
occurs at three different levels. 
Genetic Diversity 
Occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is genetic diversity. Ex. 
Each human being is different from other. Possibility of wiping out the species arises if 
there is decrease in the diversity within the species whose members involve in sexual 
reproduction. 
Species Diversity 
Innumerable species of organisms occur in the nature. This is called as species 
diversity. Species diversity includes various types of plants, animals and microbes. 
Ecosystem Diversity 
Many ecosystems are present in a region. Ecosystem is formed through the interaction 
between plants, animals, their habitat and changes in the environment. Each ecosystem 
has its own characteristic animals, plants, microbes and abiotic factors. 
Q. 3. D. Write short notes. 
 
Sacred Groves. 
Answer : Sacred groves are the forest conserved in the name of god and considered to 
be sacred. These are in fact ‘sanctuaries’ conserved by the society and not by the 
government forest department. As it has been conserved in the name of god, it has 
Special protection. These clusters of thick forests are found not only in Western Ghats 
of India but in the entire country. More than 13000 sacred groves have been reported in 
India. 
Q. 3. E. Write short notes. 
 
Disaster and its management. 
Answer : 1. Destroying a plant is to destroy everything. 
2. Practice afforestation to conserve environment. 
3. Forest is Wealth. 
4. Environmental protection is value education. 
5. Provident use of paper is prevention of deforestation. 
6. To practice the environmental protection is to development of human society. 
7. Pure air, pure water is key to healthy life. 
Q. 4. How will you justify that overcoming the pollution is a powerful way of 
environmental management? 
Answer : Several environmental problems have been arisen due to effect of various 
natural and artificial factors on the Earth. Environmental pollution is one of those main 
factors. Usually, contamination of any material is its pollution. Unnecessary and 
Unacceptable change in the surrounding environment due to natural events or human 
activities is called as environmental pollution. These are Direct or indirect changes in 
physical, chemical and biological properties of air, water and soil which will be harmful 
to human and other living beings is environmental pollution. Various reasons like 
population explosion, fast industrialization, and indiscriminate use of natural resources, 
deforestation, and unplanned urbanization are responsible for environmental pollution. 
Q. 5. Which projects will you run in relation to environmental conservation? How? 
Answer : Several projects are run by people in the society are voluntarily coming 
together to perform this noble work. Many institutes at state, national and international 
level are involved in this work. 
Voluntary Organizations like: Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, CPR 
environment group, New Chennai, Gandhi Peace Foundation, Environment Cell, Delhi, 
Chipko Centre, Tehri Garhwal, Centre for Environment Education, Ahmadabad, Kerala 
Science Literature Council, Trivandrum. Indian Agro Industries Foundation, Pune, 
Vikram Sarabhai Community Science, Centre, Ahmadabad. Green Peace is world’s 
largest organization engaged in environmental activities. More than 25 lakh people from 
26 different countries are members of this organization. 
Conserving the available resources 
Awareness 1. Education 2. Guidance 3. Awareness 4. Imitation 5. Organization 6. 
Participation 
Prevention 1. Preventing possible harms. 2. Designing new plans 3. Factors harmful to 
Environment Preservation 1. Preserving whatever has been leftover. 2. Remedies to 
prevent further loss. 3. Preserving unknown regions. 
Production 1. Revival of harmed factors of environment. 2. Attempting innovation 
Control 3. Preventing the harm. 4. Stopping the harmful activities. 5. Changing the 
mindset. 
Q. 6. A. Answer the following. 
 
Write the factors affecting environment. 
Answer : When some natural factors of environment and some artificial polluted factors 
harm the environment, it creates imbalance between various factors of the environment 
and ultimately affects the existence of biotic factors many environmental problems arise 
due to effect of various natural and artificial factors on the Earth. Environmental 
pollution is one of those main factors. Various reasons like population explosion, fast 
industrialization, and indiscriminate use of natural resources, deforestation, unplanned 
urbanization is responsible for environmental pollution. 
Q. 6. B. Answer the following. 
 
Why does the human beings have important place in environment? 
Answer : Since human existence, there is interrelationship between human and 
environment. Human stepped on the Earth long after formation of Earth. On the Earth, 
human being is superior as compared to other animals with the help of characters like 
intelligence, memory, imaginary ability, etc. Human dominated over the nature they 
Page 5


Environmental Management 
Exercise 
Q. 1. Reorganize the following food chain. Describe the ecosystem to which it 
belongs. Grasshopper – Snake – Paddy field – Eagle – Frog. 
Answer : Paddy Field-Grasshopper-Frog-Snake-Eagle. 
Explanation: Paddy is cultivated on large scale in various states of South India. Paddy 
fields are frequently attacked by grasshoppers. Similarly, frogs are also present in large 
number in the mud of paddy fields, to feed upon grasshoppers and snakes are also 
present there in to feed upon frogs. 
Q. 2. Explain the statement- ‘we have got this Earth planet on lease from our 
future generations and not as an ancestral property from our ancestors.’ 
Answer : Human existence is totally impossible without the existence of nature. Hence, 
it is basic responsibility of human being to preserve the nature without disturbing its 
balance. 
It is said that we have got this Earth planet on lease from our future generations and not 
as an ancestral property from our ancestors. Hence, we should not forget to conserve it 
for ourselves and for future generations. 
Q. 3. A. Write short notes. 
 
Environmental Conservation. 
Answer : There is interrelationship between human and environment. Human utilized 
all the natural resources as much as possible. To live a satisfactory life, human kept on 
exploiting the nature as much as possible and this lead to increase in problems. There 
should be large scale participation of the people in environment conservation; 
environmental protection-conservation becomes an effective Public movement. Laws 
enacted about environmental conservation: 
Forest Conservation Act, 1980. The land reserved for forest conservation has been 
prohibited to use for any other purpose by this law. Ex. Permission of central 
government is compulsory for mining activities. Any person who disobeys this law is 
entitled to imprisonment for 15 days. 
Environmental Conservation Act, 1986. 
Purpose of this act is to control the pollution and punish the persons or institutes 
harming the environment. Any person or factory is prohibited by this act from releasing 
the pollutants in atmosphere beyond a permissible limit. The person breaching this rule 
is entitled for either five-year imprisonment or fine up to Rs.1 lakh. National Green 
Tribunal has been established in 2010 for effective implementation of environment 
related laws. 
Q. 3. B. Write short notes. 
 
Chipko Movement of Bishnoi. 
Answer : In the 1970s, an organized resistance to the destruction of forests spread 
throughout India and came to be known as the Chipko movement. The name of the 
movement comes from the word 'embrace', as the villagers hugged the trees, and 
prevented the contractors' from felling them. 
The last few centuries many communities in India have helped save nature. One such is 
the Bishnoi community of Rajasthan. The original ’Chipko movement’ was started 
around 260 years back in the early part of the 18th century in Rajasthan by this 
community. A large group of them from 84 villages led by a lady called Amrita Devi laid 
down their lives in an effort to protect the trees from being felled on the orders of the 
Maharaja (King) of Jodhpur. After this incident, the maharaja gave a strong royal decree 
preventing the cutting of trees in all Bishnoi villages. 
Q. 3. C. Write short notes. 
 
Biodiversity. 
Answer : Biodiversity is the richness of living organisms in nature due to presence of 
varieties of organisms, ecosystems and genetic variations within a species. Biodiversity 
occurs at three different levels. 
Genetic Diversity 
Occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is genetic diversity. Ex. 
Each human being is different from other. Possibility of wiping out the species arises if 
there is decrease in the diversity within the species whose members involve in sexual 
reproduction. 
Species Diversity 
Innumerable species of organisms occur in the nature. This is called as species 
diversity. Species diversity includes various types of plants, animals and microbes. 
Ecosystem Diversity 
Many ecosystems are present in a region. Ecosystem is formed through the interaction 
between plants, animals, their habitat and changes in the environment. Each ecosystem 
has its own characteristic animals, plants, microbes and abiotic factors. 
Q. 3. D. Write short notes. 
 
Sacred Groves. 
Answer : Sacred groves are the forest conserved in the name of god and considered to 
be sacred. These are in fact ‘sanctuaries’ conserved by the society and not by the 
government forest department. As it has been conserved in the name of god, it has 
Special protection. These clusters of thick forests are found not only in Western Ghats 
of India but in the entire country. More than 13000 sacred groves have been reported in 
India. 
Q. 3. E. Write short notes. 
 
Disaster and its management. 
Answer : 1. Destroying a plant is to destroy everything. 
2. Practice afforestation to conserve environment. 
3. Forest is Wealth. 
4. Environmental protection is value education. 
5. Provident use of paper is prevention of deforestation. 
6. To practice the environmental protection is to development of human society. 
7. Pure air, pure water is key to healthy life. 
Q. 4. How will you justify that overcoming the pollution is a powerful way of 
environmental management? 
Answer : Several environmental problems have been arisen due to effect of various 
natural and artificial factors on the Earth. Environmental pollution is one of those main 
factors. Usually, contamination of any material is its pollution. Unnecessary and 
Unacceptable change in the surrounding environment due to natural events or human 
activities is called as environmental pollution. These are Direct or indirect changes in 
physical, chemical and biological properties of air, water and soil which will be harmful 
to human and other living beings is environmental pollution. Various reasons like 
population explosion, fast industrialization, and indiscriminate use of natural resources, 
deforestation, and unplanned urbanization are responsible for environmental pollution. 
Q. 5. Which projects will you run in relation to environmental conservation? How? 
Answer : Several projects are run by people in the society are voluntarily coming 
together to perform this noble work. Many institutes at state, national and international 
level are involved in this work. 
Voluntary Organizations like: Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, CPR 
environment group, New Chennai, Gandhi Peace Foundation, Environment Cell, Delhi, 
Chipko Centre, Tehri Garhwal, Centre for Environment Education, Ahmadabad, Kerala 
Science Literature Council, Trivandrum. Indian Agro Industries Foundation, Pune, 
Vikram Sarabhai Community Science, Centre, Ahmadabad. Green Peace is world’s 
largest organization engaged in environmental activities. More than 25 lakh people from 
26 different countries are members of this organization. 
Conserving the available resources 
Awareness 1. Education 2. Guidance 3. Awareness 4. Imitation 5. Organization 6. 
Participation 
Prevention 1. Preventing possible harms. 2. Designing new plans 3. Factors harmful to 
Environment Preservation 1. Preserving whatever has been leftover. 2. Remedies to 
prevent further loss. 3. Preserving unknown regions. 
Production 1. Revival of harmed factors of environment. 2. Attempting innovation 
Control 3. Preventing the harm. 4. Stopping the harmful activities. 5. Changing the 
mindset. 
Q. 6. A. Answer the following. 
 
Write the factors affecting environment. 
Answer : When some natural factors of environment and some artificial polluted factors 
harm the environment, it creates imbalance between various factors of the environment 
and ultimately affects the existence of biotic factors many environmental problems arise 
due to effect of various natural and artificial factors on the Earth. Environmental 
pollution is one of those main factors. Various reasons like population explosion, fast 
industrialization, and indiscriminate use of natural resources, deforestation, unplanned 
urbanization is responsible for environmental pollution. 
Q. 6. B. Answer the following. 
 
Why does the human beings have important place in environment? 
Answer : Since human existence, there is interrelationship between human and 
environment. Human stepped on the Earth long after formation of Earth. On the Earth, 
human being is superior as compared to other animals with the help of characters like 
intelligence, memory, imaginary ability, etc. Human dominated over the nature they 
utilized all the natural resources as much as possible. To live a satisfactory life, human 
kept on exploiting the nature this leads to increase in problems, human have crucial role 
in maintaining the environmental balance. If human has disturbed the environmental 
balance, then human itself only can conserve and improve the quality of nature. Many 
times, general public is unknown that its activities are harmful to environment and 
thereby unknowingly many activities happen. 
Q. 6. C. Answer the following. 
 
Write the types and examples of biodiversity. 
Answer : The richness of living organisms in nature due to presence of varieties of 
organisms, ecosystems and genetic variations within a species is called Biodiversity. 
Biodiversity occurs at three different levels. 
Genetic Diversity 
Occurrence of diversity among the organisms of same species is genetic diversity. Ex. 
Each human being is different from other. Possibility of wiping out the species arises if 
there is decrease in the diversity within the species whose members involve in sexual 
reproduction. 
Species Diversity 
Innumerable species of organisms occur in the nature. This is called as species 
diversity. 
Species diversity includes various types of plants, animals and microbes. 
Ecosystem Diversity 
Ecosystems are present in each region. The interaction between plants, animals, their 
habitat and changes in the environment. Each ecosystem has its own characteristic 
animals, plants, microbes and abiotic factors. 
Ecosystems are also of two types are natural and artificial. 
Q. 6. D. Answer the following. 
 
How the biodiversity can be conserved? 
Answer : Biodiversity can be conserved in following ways – 
1. Protecting the rare species of organisms.