NCERT Textbook: Far and Near

 Page 1


5 5
Chapter Chapter
Far and Near
Identify the appropriate units for measuring each of the following.
We have learnt about measuring length and some standard units we use to 
measure length. In this chapter we will learn some more units of measuring 
distances and the relationships between different units.
Let Us Find
Quantity
Unit of measurement
Metre (m) or centimetre (cm)
Height of India Gate 42
Length of a handkerchief 40
Depth of a well 50
Length of a mobile phone 13
Length of an elephant’s trunk 2
Distance between two buttons
on a shirt
5
Shikha and Sonu are measuring the lengths of saris and stoles in the village 
weaving centre. Find which measures represent the same sari or stole. You 
can take help of the double number line below.
Different Units but Same Measure 
100 cm
1m
___ cm
2 m
400 cm
      ___ m      ___ m      ___ m
500 cm 700 cm
×2
×100
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
Page 2


5 5
Chapter Chapter
Far and Near
Identify the appropriate units for measuring each of the following.
We have learnt about measuring length and some standard units we use to 
measure length. In this chapter we will learn some more units of measuring 
distances and the relationships between different units.
Let Us Find
Quantity
Unit of measurement
Metre (m) or centimetre (cm)
Height of India Gate 42
Length of a handkerchief 40
Depth of a well 50
Length of a mobile phone 13
Length of an elephant’s trunk 2
Distance between two buttons
on a shirt
5
Shikha and Sonu are measuring the lengths of saris and stoles in the village 
weaving centre. Find which measures represent the same sari or stole. You 
can take help of the double number line below.
Different Units but Same Measure 
100 cm
1m
___ cm
2 m
400 cm
      ___ m      ___ m      ___ m
500 cm 700 cm
×2
×100
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
1.  Ritika is comparing the lengths of different rods. Compare them using 
<, =, > signs.
(a) 456 cm ____ 5 m
(b) 55 cm + 200 cm ____ 200 cm + 54 cm
(c) 6 m 5 cm ___ 6 m 50 cm
(d) 2 m 150 cm ___ 3 m 50 cm
(e) 238 cm ____ 138 cm + 1 m
2. World’s tallest statue
(a) What is the difference between the height of the tallest statue in 
the world and the Statue 
of Liberty?
(b) Identify the statues 
whose heights have the 
least difference.
(c) Identify the statues 
whose heights have the 
largest difference.
(d) The height of which 
statue will be equal to the  
height of the Statue of 
Unity, if it is doubled?
Let Us Compare
204 cm 5 metre 40 cm
540 cm 2 metre 204 cm
750 cm 2 metre 4 cm
240 cm 2 metre 40 cm
404 cm 6 metre 150 cm
58
Some of World’s Tallest Statues
182 m
Statue of 
Unity, India
108 m
Guanyin of 
Nanshan, China
91 m
The Motherland 
Calls, Russia
128 m
Spring Temple
Buddha, China
93 m
Statue of 
Liberty, USA
38 m
Christ the 
Redeemer, 
Brazil
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   58 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   58 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
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Page 3


5 5
Chapter Chapter
Far and Near
Identify the appropriate units for measuring each of the following.
We have learnt about measuring length and some standard units we use to 
measure length. In this chapter we will learn some more units of measuring 
distances and the relationships between different units.
Let Us Find
Quantity
Unit of measurement
Metre (m) or centimetre (cm)
Height of India Gate 42
Length of a handkerchief 40
Depth of a well 50
Length of a mobile phone 13
Length of an elephant’s trunk 2
Distance between two buttons
on a shirt
5
Shikha and Sonu are measuring the lengths of saris and stoles in the village 
weaving centre. Find which measures represent the same sari or stole. You 
can take help of the double number line below.
Different Units but Same Measure 
100 cm
1m
___ cm
2 m
400 cm
      ___ m      ___ m      ___ m
500 cm 700 cm
×2
×100
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
1.  Ritika is comparing the lengths of different rods. Compare them using 
<, =, > signs.
(a) 456 cm ____ 5 m
(b) 55 cm + 200 cm ____ 200 cm + 54 cm
(c) 6 m 5 cm ___ 6 m 50 cm
(d) 2 m 150 cm ___ 3 m 50 cm
(e) 238 cm ____ 138 cm + 1 m
2. World’s tallest statue
(a) What is the difference between the height of the tallest statue in 
the world and the Statue 
of Liberty?
(b) Identify the statues 
whose heights have the 
least difference.
(c) Identify the statues 
whose heights have the 
largest difference.
(d) The height of which 
statue will be equal to the  
height of the Statue of 
Unity, if it is doubled?
Let Us Compare
204 cm 5 metre 40 cm
540 cm 2 metre 204 cm
750 cm 2 metre 4 cm
240 cm 2 metre 40 cm
404 cm 6 metre 150 cm
58
Some of World’s Tallest Statues
182 m
Statue of 
Unity, India
108 m
Guanyin of 
Nanshan, China
91 m
The Motherland 
Calls, Russia
128 m
Spring Temple
Buddha, China
93 m
Statue of 
Liberty, USA
38 m
Christ the 
Redeemer, 
Brazil
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   58 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   58 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
Measure 100 m and 200 m on your school playground, or any other place 
in and around your school, using a Long Tape. Mark these points and 
draw a straight line. Walk on the lines and count the number of steps. Use 
this relationship between the number of steps taken and distance walked 
to find distances around you for at least 3 locations. Wherever possible, 
walk and find the number of steps. Otherwise, find the distance and estimate 
the number of steps.
Let Us Do
Long Tape 
Rodometer —
measuring wheel
Ran g e??n de r
Laser Distance 
Meter
When we walk 1,000 m, we say 
we have walked 1 km.
1,000 m = 1 km
Kilo stands for thousand. 
This unit is used to measure 
long distances.
(a) Identify and write the locations that are the nearest and the farthest 
from your home.
 Nearest location _______________________________________________________.
 Farthest location ______________________________________________________.
(b) Write the distances obtained above in increasing order.
 _______________,  _________________,  _________________, __________________.
(c) Name a location that is equal to or more than 1,000 m from your home.
Let Us Explore              
Measuring Long Distances 
Here are some ways in which you can measure long distances.
Length of rope
Number of ropes 
needed to make 1 km
1,000 m 1
100 m
10 m
200 m
500 m
250 m
59
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   59 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   59 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
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Page 4


5 5
Chapter Chapter
Far and Near
Identify the appropriate units for measuring each of the following.
We have learnt about measuring length and some standard units we use to 
measure length. In this chapter we will learn some more units of measuring 
distances and the relationships between different units.
Let Us Find
Quantity
Unit of measurement
Metre (m) or centimetre (cm)
Height of India Gate 42
Length of a handkerchief 40
Depth of a well 50
Length of a mobile phone 13
Length of an elephant’s trunk 2
Distance between two buttons
on a shirt
5
Shikha and Sonu are measuring the lengths of saris and stoles in the village 
weaving centre. Find which measures represent the same sari or stole. You 
can take help of the double number line below.
Different Units but Same Measure 
100 cm
1m
___ cm
2 m
400 cm
      ___ m      ___ m      ___ m
500 cm 700 cm
×2
×100
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
1.  Ritika is comparing the lengths of different rods. Compare them using 
<, =, > signs.
(a) 456 cm ____ 5 m
(b) 55 cm + 200 cm ____ 200 cm + 54 cm
(c) 6 m 5 cm ___ 6 m 50 cm
(d) 2 m 150 cm ___ 3 m 50 cm
(e) 238 cm ____ 138 cm + 1 m
2. World’s tallest statue
(a) What is the difference between the height of the tallest statue in 
the world and the Statue 
of Liberty?
(b) Identify the statues 
whose heights have the 
least difference.
(c) Identify the statues 
whose heights have the 
largest difference.
(d) The height of which 
statue will be equal to the  
height of the Statue of 
Unity, if it is doubled?
Let Us Compare
204 cm 5 metre 40 cm
540 cm 2 metre 204 cm
750 cm 2 metre 4 cm
240 cm 2 metre 40 cm
404 cm 6 metre 150 cm
58
Some of World’s Tallest Statues
182 m
Statue of 
Unity, India
108 m
Guanyin of 
Nanshan, China
91 m
The Motherland 
Calls, Russia
128 m
Spring Temple
Buddha, China
93 m
Statue of 
Liberty, USA
38 m
Christ the 
Redeemer, 
Brazil
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   58 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   58 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
Measure 100 m and 200 m on your school playground, or any other place 
in and around your school, using a Long Tape. Mark these points and 
draw a straight line. Walk on the lines and count the number of steps. Use 
this relationship between the number of steps taken and distance walked 
to find distances around you for at least 3 locations. Wherever possible, 
walk and find the number of steps. Otherwise, find the distance and estimate 
the number of steps.
Let Us Do
Long Tape 
Rodometer —
measuring wheel
Ran g e??n de r
Laser Distance 
Meter
When we walk 1,000 m, we say 
we have walked 1 km.
1,000 m = 1 km
Kilo stands for thousand. 
This unit is used to measure 
long distances.
(a) Identify and write the locations that are the nearest and the farthest 
from your home.
 Nearest location _______________________________________________________.
 Farthest location ______________________________________________________.
(b) Write the distances obtained above in increasing order.
 _______________,  _________________,  _________________, __________________.
(c) Name a location that is equal to or more than 1,000 m from your home.
Let Us Explore              
Measuring Long Distances 
Here are some ways in which you can measure long distances.
Length of rope
Number of ropes 
needed to make 1 km
1,000 m 1
100 m
10 m
200 m
500 m
250 m
59
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   59 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   59 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
Kilometre Race 
Sheena and Jennifer are helping to organise a 3-km race. Help them with 
the arrangements for the race. 
1. Water stations are to be arranged after every 500 m. How many water 
stations must be set up? At what positions from the starting point will 
these water stations be placed?
2. Children need to stand at an interval of 300 m to direct the runners. 
How many children are needed? At what positions from the starting 
point will the children be standing?
3. Red and blue flags are to be placed alternately at every 50 m. 
How many red and blue flags are needed till the finish line?
Let Us Do
Longest Train Journey 
The longest train journey in India is by The Vivek Express which runs from 
Dibrugarh in Assam to Kanniyakumari in Tamil Nadu. Look at the stations 
on the route shown in the table below and answer the questions.
Station number Name of the station
Distance from
Dibrugarh
9 Dimapur 306 km
14 Guwahati 556 km
22 Jalpaiguri Road 983 km
34 Bhubaneswar 2,007 km
40 Visakhapatnam 2,450 km
45 Vijayawada JN 2,800 km
55 Coimbatore JN 3,675 km
65 Kanniyakumari 4,187 km
60
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Page 5


5 5
Chapter Chapter
Far and Near
Identify the appropriate units for measuring each of the following.
We have learnt about measuring length and some standard units we use to 
measure length. In this chapter we will learn some more units of measuring 
distances and the relationships between different units.
Let Us Find
Quantity
Unit of measurement
Metre (m) or centimetre (cm)
Height of India Gate 42
Length of a handkerchief 40
Depth of a well 50
Length of a mobile phone 13
Length of an elephant’s trunk 2
Distance between two buttons
on a shirt
5
Shikha and Sonu are measuring the lengths of saris and stoles in the village 
weaving centre. Find which measures represent the same sari or stole. You 
can take help of the double number line below.
Different Units but Same Measure 
100 cm
1m
___ cm
2 m
400 cm
      ___ m      ___ m      ___ m
500 cm 700 cm
×2
×100
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   57 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
1.  Ritika is comparing the lengths of different rods. Compare them using 
<, =, > signs.
(a) 456 cm ____ 5 m
(b) 55 cm + 200 cm ____ 200 cm + 54 cm
(c) 6 m 5 cm ___ 6 m 50 cm
(d) 2 m 150 cm ___ 3 m 50 cm
(e) 238 cm ____ 138 cm + 1 m
2. World’s tallest statue
(a) What is the difference between the height of the tallest statue in 
the world and the Statue 
of Liberty?
(b) Identify the statues 
whose heights have the 
least difference.
(c) Identify the statues 
whose heights have the 
largest difference.
(d) The height of which 
statue will be equal to the  
height of the Statue of 
Unity, if it is doubled?
Let Us Compare
204 cm 5 metre 40 cm
540 cm 2 metre 204 cm
750 cm 2 metre 4 cm
240 cm 2 metre 40 cm
404 cm 6 metre 150 cm
58
Some of World’s Tallest Statues
182 m
Statue of 
Unity, India
108 m
Guanyin of 
Nanshan, China
91 m
The Motherland 
Calls, Russia
128 m
Spring Temple
Buddha, China
93 m
Statue of 
Liberty, USA
38 m
Christ the 
Redeemer, 
Brazil
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   58 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   58 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
Measure 100 m and 200 m on your school playground, or any other place 
in and around your school, using a Long Tape. Mark these points and 
draw a straight line. Walk on the lines and count the number of steps. Use 
this relationship between the number of steps taken and distance walked 
to find distances around you for at least 3 locations. Wherever possible, 
walk and find the number of steps. Otherwise, find the distance and estimate 
the number of steps.
Let Us Do
Long Tape 
Rodometer —
measuring wheel
Ran g e??n de r
Laser Distance 
Meter
When we walk 1,000 m, we say 
we have walked 1 km.
1,000 m = 1 km
Kilo stands for thousand. 
This unit is used to measure 
long distances.
(a) Identify and write the locations that are the nearest and the farthest 
from your home.
 Nearest location _______________________________________________________.
 Farthest location ______________________________________________________.
(b) Write the distances obtained above in increasing order.
 _______________,  _________________,  _________________, __________________.
(c) Name a location that is equal to or more than 1,000 m from your home.
Let Us Explore              
Measuring Long Distances 
Here are some ways in which you can measure long distances.
Length of rope
Number of ropes 
needed to make 1 km
1,000 m 1
100 m
10 m
200 m
500 m
250 m
59
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   59 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   59 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
Kilometre Race 
Sheena and Jennifer are helping to organise a 3-km race. Help them with 
the arrangements for the race. 
1. Water stations are to be arranged after every 500 m. How many water 
stations must be set up? At what positions from the starting point will 
these water stations be placed?
2. Children need to stand at an interval of 300 m to direct the runners. 
How many children are needed? At what positions from the starting 
point will the children be standing?
3. Red and blue flags are to be placed alternately at every 50 m. 
How many red and blue flags are needed till the finish line?
Let Us Do
Longest Train Journey 
The longest train journey in India is by The Vivek Express which runs from 
Dibrugarh in Assam to Kanniyakumari in Tamil Nadu. Look at the stations 
on the route shown in the table below and answer the questions.
Station number Name of the station
Distance from
Dibrugarh
9 Dimapur 306 km
14 Guwahati 556 km
22 Jalpaiguri Road 983 km
34 Bhubaneswar 2,007 km
40 Visakhapatnam 2,450 km
45 Vijayawada JN 2,800 km
55 Coimbatore JN 3,675 km
65 Kanniyakumari 4,187 km
60
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   60 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   60 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:42 PM
Reprint 2026-27
1. The total length of the route from Dibrugarh to Kanniyakumari is 
_______________ km.
2. The distance between Vijayawada and Jalpaiguri road is _______________. 
3. Distance between Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam is _______________. 
4. Which two stations are farther apart — Guwahati and Dimapur 
or Bhubaneswar and Jalpaiguri Road?
5. What is the distance between Guwahati and Coimbatore JN?
One centimetre is divided into ten equal parts. Each part is called 
1 millimetre (mm).
1 cm = 10 mm
These small marks between any two centimetre marks help us measure the 
smaller lengths. Thus, it adds to the precision in measurement.
1 cm = 10 mm
How can we measure small things like the 
ones shown here?
Measure the lines in the design 
and write their measurements in 
cm and mm.
Let Us Explore
The World of Small Things
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Let Us Measure 
sprout small screws nail
Let us look at the scale. Do you notice the small marks between 1 cm and 
2 cm? Count how many marks are there between 1 cm and 2 cm?
61
Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   61 Chapter-5 Far and Near.indd   61 7/2/2025   3:33:43 PM 7/2/2025   3:33:43 PM
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