Infographics: Sources, Acquisition & Classification of Data

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Sources, Acquisition & 
Classification of Data
Data is the foundation for information and insights. Understanding its 
sourcing, acquisition, and classification is crucial for rigorous analysis. 
What is Data?
Quantitative or qualitative 
values representing variables4
numbers, images, words, facts, 
or ideas that require 
interpretation to derive 
meaning.
Purpose & Utility
Forms the foundation for 
generating actionable 
information and insights, 
supporting evidence-based 
decision-making across various 
fields.
Importance
Raw data lacks inherent meaning until processed through statistical 
analysis and research methodologies to transform into actionable 
information.
Sources of Data
Primary Data
Information collected firsthand by 
researchers directly from the 
source to address specific 
research objectives.
Methods of Collection:
Surveys: Questionnaires via 
face-to-face, telephone, 
online, or mailed formats
Experiments: Controlled 
studies manipulating variables
Observations: Systematic 
recording in natural settings
Interviews: Structured or 
semi-structured discussions
Advantages:
Direct relevance to research 
objectives
Full control over collection 
methods
Ensures authenticity and 
accuracy
Customisable to research 
needs
Secondary Data
Previously collected information 
published or produced for other 
purposes by external sources or 
organisations.
Common Sources:
Government Publications: 
Census, economic reports, 
statistics
Academic Journals: Peer-
reviewed research articles
Industry Reports: Market 
research and surveys
Databases: Online repositories 
and warehouses
Archival Records: Historical 
documents and datasets
Advantages:
Cost-effective and time-saving
Comprehensive coverage of 
topics
Enables longitudinal analysis
Facilitates comparative studies