NCERT Textbook: Chunauti Himalaya ki | Hindi Class 5 PDF Download

 Page 1


140 140
tks”khyk ikl ls vkxs pydj
tokgjyky ekrk;u igq¡ps rks ogk¡
osQ uo;qod oqQyh us crk;k] ¶'kkc]
lkeus ml cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ igkM+ osQ
ihNs vejukFk dh xqiQk gSA¸
¶ysfdu] 'kkc] jkLrk cgqr
Vs<+k gSA¸ fd'ku us oqQyh dh
ckr dkVhA ¶cgqr p<+kbZ gSA vkSj
'kkc] nwj Hkh gSA¸
¶fdruh nwj\¸ tokgjyky
us iwNkA
¶vkB ehy] 'kkc]¸ oqQyh us
tYnh ls mÙkj fn;kA
¶cl! rc rks T
+
k:j pysaxsA¸ tokgjyky us vius ppsjs HkkbZ dh vksj iz'ulwpd
n`f"V MkyhA nksuksa d'ehj ?kweus fudys Fks vkSj tksT
+
khyk ikl ls gksdj yík[kh
bykosQ dh vksj pys vk, FksA vc vejukFk tkus esa D;k vkifÙk gks ldrh Fkh\
fiQj tokgjyky jkLrs dh eqf'dyksa osQ ckjs esa lqudj lI
+
kQj osQ fy, vkSj Hkh
mRlqd gks x,A
¶dkSu&dkSu pysxk gekjs lkFk\¸ tokgjyky us tkuuk pkgkA
rqjar fd'ku cksyk] ¶'kkc eSa pyw¡xkA HksM+sa pjkus esjh csVh pyh tk,xhA¸
vxys fnu lqcg rM+osQ rS;kj gksdj tokgjyky ckgj vk x,A vkdk'k esa
jkf=k dh dkfyek ij izkr% dh ykfyek iSQyrh tk jgh FkhA frCcrh iBkj dk
n`'; fujkyk FkkA nwj&nwj rd ouLifr&jfgr mtkM+ pêð kuh bykdk fn[kkbZ ns jgk
FkkA mnkl] iQhosQ] cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ pêðkuh igkM+ lqcg dh igyh fdj.kksa dk Li'kZ
ikdj rkt dh Hkk¡fr ped mBsA nwj ls NksVs&NksVs Xysf'k;j ,sls yxrs] ekuks
18
pqukSrh fgeky; dh pqukSrh fgeky; dh
140
Page 2


140 140
tks”khyk ikl ls vkxs pydj
tokgjyky ekrk;u igq¡ps rks ogk¡
osQ uo;qod oqQyh us crk;k] ¶'kkc]
lkeus ml cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ igkM+ osQ
ihNs vejukFk dh xqiQk gSA¸
¶ysfdu] 'kkc] jkLrk cgqr
Vs<+k gSA¸ fd'ku us oqQyh dh
ckr dkVhA ¶cgqr p<+kbZ gSA vkSj
'kkc] nwj Hkh gSA¸
¶fdruh nwj\¸ tokgjyky
us iwNkA
¶vkB ehy] 'kkc]¸ oqQyh us
tYnh ls mÙkj fn;kA
¶cl! rc rks T
+
k:j pysaxsA¸ tokgjyky us vius ppsjs HkkbZ dh vksj iz'ulwpd
n`f"V MkyhA nksuksa d'ehj ?kweus fudys Fks vkSj tksT
+
khyk ikl ls gksdj yík[kh
bykosQ dh vksj pys vk, FksA vc vejukFk tkus esa D;k vkifÙk gks ldrh Fkh\
fiQj tokgjyky jkLrs dh eqf'dyksa osQ ckjs esa lqudj lI
+
kQj osQ fy, vkSj Hkh
mRlqd gks x,A
¶dkSu&dkSu pysxk gekjs lkFk\¸ tokgjyky us tkuuk pkgkA
rqjar fd'ku cksyk] ¶'kkc eSa pyw¡xkA HksM+sa pjkus esjh csVh pyh tk,xhA¸
vxys fnu lqcg rM+osQ rS;kj gksdj tokgjyky ckgj vk x,A vkdk'k esa
jkf=k dh dkfyek ij izkr% dh ykfyek iSQyrh tk jgh FkhA frCcrh iBkj dk
n`'; fujkyk FkkA nwj&nwj rd ouLifr&jfgr mtkM+ pêð kuh bykdk fn[kkbZ ns jgk
FkkA mnkl] iQhosQ] cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ pêðkuh igkM+ lqcg dh igyh fdj.kksa dk Li'kZ
ikdj rkt dh Hkk¡fr ped mBsA nwj ls NksVs&NksVs Xysf'k;j ,sls yxrs] ekuks
18
pqukSrh fgeky; dh pqukSrh fgeky; dh
140 141 141
Lokxr djus osQ fy, ikl ljdrs vk jgs gksaA lnZ gok osQ >ksaosQ gfîó;ksa rd
BaMd igq¡pk jgs FksA
tokgj us gFksfy;k¡ vkil esa jxM+dj xje dha vkSj dej esa jLlh yisV dj
pyus dks rS;kj gks x,A fgeky; dh nqxZe ioZrekyk eq¡g mBk, pqukSrh ns jgh
FkhA tokgj bl pqukSrh dks oSQls u Lohdkj djrsA HkkbZ] fd'ku vkSj oqQyh lHkh
jLlh osQ lkFk tqM+s FksA fd'ku xM+sfj;k vc xkbM cu x;kA
cl vkB ehy gh rks ikj djus gSaA tks'k esa vkdj tokgjyky p<+kbZ p<+us
yxsA ;w¡ vkB ehy dh nwjh dksbZ cg
q
r ugha gksrhA ysfdu bu igkM+h jkLrksa ij
vkB dne pyuk nwHkj gks x;kA ,d&,d Mx Hkjus esa dfBukbZ gks jgh FkhA
jkLrk cg
q
r gh ohjku FkkA isM+&ikSèkksa dh gfj;kyh osQ vHkko esa ,d vthc
[kkyhiu&lk eglwl gks jgk FkkA dgha ,d iwQy fn[k tkrk rks vk¡[kksa dks BaMd
fey tkrhA fn[k jgh Fkha fli
+
ZQ iFkjhyh pêðkusa vkSj lI
+
ksQn cI
+
kZQA fiQj Hkh bl
xgjs lUukVs esa cg
q
r lqowQu FkkA ,d vksj lw¡&lw¡ djrh cI
+
kQhZyh gok cnu dks
dkVrh rks nwljh vksj rkT
+
kxh vkSj LiwQ£r Hkh nsrhA
tokgjyky c<+rs tk jgs FksA T;ksa&T;ksa mQij p<+rs x,] R;ksa&R;ksa lk¡l ysus
esa fnDdr gksus yxhA ,d oqQyh dh ukd ls [kwu cgus yxkA tYnh ls
tokgjyky us mldk mipkj fd;kA [kqn mUgsa Hkh duiVh dh ulksa esa ruko
eglwl gks jgk Fkk] yxrk Fkk tSls fnekx esa [kwu p<+ vk;k gksA fiQj Hkh
tokgjyky us vkxs c<+us dk bjknk ugha cnykA
FkksM+h nsj esa cI
+
kZQ iM+us yxhA fiQlyu c<+ xbZ] pyuk Hkh dfBu gks x;kA
,d rjI
+
kQ Fkdku] mQij ls lhèkh p<+kbZA rHkh lkeus ,d cI
+
kQhZyk eSnku u”kj
vk;kA pkjksa vksj fge f'k[kjksa ls f?kjk og eSnku nsorkvksa osQ eqoqQV osQ leku
yx jgk FkkA izo`Qfr dh oSQlh euksgj NVk Fkha vk¡[kksa vkSj eu dks rjksrkT
+
kk dj
xbZA cl ,d >yd fn[kkdj cI
+
kZQ osQ èkq¡èkyosQ esa vks>y gks xbZA
fnu osQ ckjg ctus okys FksA lqcg pkj cts ls os yksx yxkrkj p<+kbZ
dj jgs FksA 'kk;n lksyg gT
+
kkj iQhV dh
m¡QpkbZ ij gksaxs bl oDr --- vejukFk
141
Page 3


140 140
tks”khyk ikl ls vkxs pydj
tokgjyky ekrk;u igq¡ps rks ogk¡
osQ uo;qod oqQyh us crk;k] ¶'kkc]
lkeus ml cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ igkM+ osQ
ihNs vejukFk dh xqiQk gSA¸
¶ysfdu] 'kkc] jkLrk cgqr
Vs<+k gSA¸ fd'ku us oqQyh dh
ckr dkVhA ¶cgqr p<+kbZ gSA vkSj
'kkc] nwj Hkh gSA¸
¶fdruh nwj\¸ tokgjyky
us iwNkA
¶vkB ehy] 'kkc]¸ oqQyh us
tYnh ls mÙkj fn;kA
¶cl! rc rks T
+
k:j pysaxsA¸ tokgjyky us vius ppsjs HkkbZ dh vksj iz'ulwpd
n`f"V MkyhA nksuksa d'ehj ?kweus fudys Fks vkSj tksT
+
khyk ikl ls gksdj yík[kh
bykosQ dh vksj pys vk, FksA vc vejukFk tkus esa D;k vkifÙk gks ldrh Fkh\
fiQj tokgjyky jkLrs dh eqf'dyksa osQ ckjs esa lqudj lI
+
kQj osQ fy, vkSj Hkh
mRlqd gks x,A
¶dkSu&dkSu pysxk gekjs lkFk\¸ tokgjyky us tkuuk pkgkA
rqjar fd'ku cksyk] ¶'kkc eSa pyw¡xkA HksM+sa pjkus esjh csVh pyh tk,xhA¸
vxys fnu lqcg rM+osQ rS;kj gksdj tokgjyky ckgj vk x,A vkdk'k esa
jkf=k dh dkfyek ij izkr% dh ykfyek iSQyrh tk jgh FkhA frCcrh iBkj dk
n`'; fujkyk FkkA nwj&nwj rd ouLifr&jfgr mtkM+ pêð kuh bykdk fn[kkbZ ns jgk
FkkA mnkl] iQhosQ] cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ pêðkuh igkM+ lqcg dh igyh fdj.kksa dk Li'kZ
ikdj rkt dh Hkk¡fr ped mBsA nwj ls NksVs&NksVs Xysf'k;j ,sls yxrs] ekuks
18
pqukSrh fgeky; dh pqukSrh fgeky; dh
140 141 141
Lokxr djus osQ fy, ikl ljdrs vk jgs gksaA lnZ gok osQ >ksaosQ gfîó;ksa rd
BaMd igq¡pk jgs FksA
tokgj us gFksfy;k¡ vkil esa jxM+dj xje dha vkSj dej esa jLlh yisV dj
pyus dks rS;kj gks x,A fgeky; dh nqxZe ioZrekyk eq¡g mBk, pqukSrh ns jgh
FkhA tokgj bl pqukSrh dks oSQls u Lohdkj djrsA HkkbZ] fd'ku vkSj oqQyh lHkh
jLlh osQ lkFk tqM+s FksA fd'ku xM+sfj;k vc xkbM cu x;kA
cl vkB ehy gh rks ikj djus gSaA tks'k esa vkdj tokgjyky p<+kbZ p<+us
yxsA ;w¡ vkB ehy dh nwjh dksbZ cg
q
r ugha gksrhA ysfdu bu igkM+h jkLrksa ij
vkB dne pyuk nwHkj gks x;kA ,d&,d Mx Hkjus esa dfBukbZ gks jgh FkhA
jkLrk cg
q
r gh ohjku FkkA isM+&ikSèkksa dh gfj;kyh osQ vHkko esa ,d vthc
[kkyhiu&lk eglwl gks jgk FkkA dgha ,d iwQy fn[k tkrk rks vk¡[kksa dks BaMd
fey tkrhA fn[k jgh Fkha fli
+
ZQ iFkjhyh pêðkusa vkSj lI
+
ksQn cI
+
kZQA fiQj Hkh bl
xgjs lUukVs esa cg
q
r lqowQu FkkA ,d vksj lw¡&lw¡ djrh cI
+
kQhZyh gok cnu dks
dkVrh rks nwljh vksj rkT
+
kxh vkSj LiwQ£r Hkh nsrhA
tokgjyky c<+rs tk jgs FksA T;ksa&T;ksa mQij p<+rs x,] R;ksa&R;ksa lk¡l ysus
esa fnDdr gksus yxhA ,d oqQyh dh ukd ls [kwu cgus yxkA tYnh ls
tokgjyky us mldk mipkj fd;kA [kqn mUgsa Hkh duiVh dh ulksa esa ruko
eglwl gks jgk Fkk] yxrk Fkk tSls fnekx esa [kwu p<+ vk;k gksA fiQj Hkh
tokgjyky us vkxs c<+us dk bjknk ugha cnykA
FkksM+h nsj esa cI
+
kZQ iM+us yxhA fiQlyu c<+ xbZ] pyuk Hkh dfBu gks x;kA
,d rjI
+
kQ Fkdku] mQij ls lhèkh p<+kbZA rHkh lkeus ,d cI
+
kQhZyk eSnku u”kj
vk;kA pkjksa vksj fge f'k[kjksa ls f?kjk og eSnku nsorkvksa osQ eqoqQV osQ leku
yx jgk FkkA izo`Qfr dh oSQlh euksgj NVk Fkha vk¡[kksa vkSj eu dks rjksrkT
+
kk dj
xbZA cl ,d >yd fn[kkdj cI
+
kZQ osQ èkq¡èkyosQ esa vks>y gks xbZA
fnu osQ ckjg ctus okys FksA lqcg pkj cts ls os yksx yxkrkj p<+kbZ
dj jgs FksA 'kk;n lksyg gT
+
kkj iQhV dh
m¡QpkbZ ij gksaxs bl oDr --- vejukFk
141
142 142
ls Hkh mQijA ij vejukFk dh xqiQk dk nwj&nwj
rd irk ugha FkkA bl ij Hkh tokgjyky dh
pky esa u <hykiu Fkk] u cnu esa lqLrhA
fgeky; us pqukSrh tks nh FkhA fuxZe iFk ikj djus
dk mRlkg mUgsa vkxs [khap jgk FkkA
¶'kkc] ykSV pfy,A okil oSaQi esa ig
q
¡prs&
ig
q
¡prs fnu <y tk,xk]¸ ,d oqQyh us dgkA
¶ysfdu vHkh rks vejukFk ig
q
¡ps ughaA¸ tokgjyky dks ykSVus dk fopkj
ilan ugha vk;kA
¶og rks nwj cI
+
kZQ osQ ml eSnku osQ ikj gS]¸ fd'ku chp esa cksy iM+kA
¶pyks] pyksA p<+kbZ rks ikj dj yh] vc vkèks ehy dk eSnku gh rks ckdh
gS]¸ dgdj tokgjyky us FkosQ g
q
, oqQfy;ksa dks mRlkfgr fd;kA
lkeus likV cI
+
kZQ dk eSnku fn[kkbZ ns jgk FkkA mlosQ ikj nwljh vksj ls uhps
mrjdj xqiQk rd ig
q
¡pk tk ldrk FkkA tokgjyky iqQrhZ ls c<+rs tk jgs FksA
nwj ls eSnku ftruk likV fn[k jgk Fkk vlfy;r esa mruk gh mQcM+&[kkcM+
FkkA rk”kh cI
+
kZQ us m¡Qph&uhph pêðkuksa dks ,d iryh pknj ls <d dj ,d
leku dj fn;k FkkA xgjh [kkb;k¡ Fkha] xîôs cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ g
q
, Fks vkSj xT
+
kc dh
fiQlyu FkhA dHkh iSj fiQlyrk vkSj dHkh cI
+
kZQ esa iSj vanj èk¡lrk tkrk] èk¡lrk
tkrkA cgqr uki&uki dj dne j[kus iM+ jgs FksA ;s rks p<+kbZ ls Hkh eqf'dy
Fkk] ij tokgjyky dks eT
+
kk vk jgk FkkA rHkh tokgjyky us ns[kk lkeus ,d
xgjh [kkbZ eq¡g iQkM+s fuxyus osQ fy, rS;kj FkhA vpkud mudk iSj fiQlykA
os yM+[kM+k, vkSj blls igys fd l¡Hky ik,¡ os [kkbZ esa fxj iM+sA
¶'kkc --- fxj x,!¸ fd'ku ph[kkA
¶tokgj ---!¸ HkkbZ dh iqdkj okfn;ksa dh 'kkafr Hkax dj xbZA os [kkbZ
dh vksj rsT
+
kh ls c<+sA
jLlh ls c¡èks tokgjyky gok esa yVd jgs FksA mI
+
kQ] oSQlk >Vdk yxkA nksuksa
rjI
+
kQ pêðkusa&gh&pêðkusa] uhps xgjh [kkbZA tokgjyky dldj jLlh idM+s Fks]
ogh mudk ,dek=k lgkjk FkkA
Page 4


140 140
tks”khyk ikl ls vkxs pydj
tokgjyky ekrk;u igq¡ps rks ogk¡
osQ uo;qod oqQyh us crk;k] ¶'kkc]
lkeus ml cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ igkM+ osQ
ihNs vejukFk dh xqiQk gSA¸
¶ysfdu] 'kkc] jkLrk cgqr
Vs<+k gSA¸ fd'ku us oqQyh dh
ckr dkVhA ¶cgqr p<+kbZ gSA vkSj
'kkc] nwj Hkh gSA¸
¶fdruh nwj\¸ tokgjyky
us iwNkA
¶vkB ehy] 'kkc]¸ oqQyh us
tYnh ls mÙkj fn;kA
¶cl! rc rks T
+
k:j pysaxsA¸ tokgjyky us vius ppsjs HkkbZ dh vksj iz'ulwpd
n`f"V MkyhA nksuksa d'ehj ?kweus fudys Fks vkSj tksT
+
khyk ikl ls gksdj yík[kh
bykosQ dh vksj pys vk, FksA vc vejukFk tkus esa D;k vkifÙk gks ldrh Fkh\
fiQj tokgjyky jkLrs dh eqf'dyksa osQ ckjs esa lqudj lI
+
kQj osQ fy, vkSj Hkh
mRlqd gks x,A
¶dkSu&dkSu pysxk gekjs lkFk\¸ tokgjyky us tkuuk pkgkA
rqjar fd'ku cksyk] ¶'kkc eSa pyw¡xkA HksM+sa pjkus esjh csVh pyh tk,xhA¸
vxys fnu lqcg rM+osQ rS;kj gksdj tokgjyky ckgj vk x,A vkdk'k esa
jkf=k dh dkfyek ij izkr% dh ykfyek iSQyrh tk jgh FkhA frCcrh iBkj dk
n`'; fujkyk FkkA nwj&nwj rd ouLifr&jfgr mtkM+ pêð kuh bykdk fn[kkbZ ns jgk
FkkA mnkl] iQhosQ] cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ pêðkuh igkM+ lqcg dh igyh fdj.kksa dk Li'kZ
ikdj rkt dh Hkk¡fr ped mBsA nwj ls NksVs&NksVs Xysf'k;j ,sls yxrs] ekuks
18
pqukSrh fgeky; dh pqukSrh fgeky; dh
140 141 141
Lokxr djus osQ fy, ikl ljdrs vk jgs gksaA lnZ gok osQ >ksaosQ gfîó;ksa rd
BaMd igq¡pk jgs FksA
tokgj us gFksfy;k¡ vkil esa jxM+dj xje dha vkSj dej esa jLlh yisV dj
pyus dks rS;kj gks x,A fgeky; dh nqxZe ioZrekyk eq¡g mBk, pqukSrh ns jgh
FkhA tokgj bl pqukSrh dks oSQls u Lohdkj djrsA HkkbZ] fd'ku vkSj oqQyh lHkh
jLlh osQ lkFk tqM+s FksA fd'ku xM+sfj;k vc xkbM cu x;kA
cl vkB ehy gh rks ikj djus gSaA tks'k esa vkdj tokgjyky p<+kbZ p<+us
yxsA ;w¡ vkB ehy dh nwjh dksbZ cg
q
r ugha gksrhA ysfdu bu igkM+h jkLrksa ij
vkB dne pyuk nwHkj gks x;kA ,d&,d Mx Hkjus esa dfBukbZ gks jgh FkhA
jkLrk cg
q
r gh ohjku FkkA isM+&ikSèkksa dh gfj;kyh osQ vHkko esa ,d vthc
[kkyhiu&lk eglwl gks jgk FkkA dgha ,d iwQy fn[k tkrk rks vk¡[kksa dks BaMd
fey tkrhA fn[k jgh Fkha fli
+
ZQ iFkjhyh pêðkusa vkSj lI
+
ksQn cI
+
kZQA fiQj Hkh bl
xgjs lUukVs esa cg
q
r lqowQu FkkA ,d vksj lw¡&lw¡ djrh cI
+
kQhZyh gok cnu dks
dkVrh rks nwljh vksj rkT
+
kxh vkSj LiwQ£r Hkh nsrhA
tokgjyky c<+rs tk jgs FksA T;ksa&T;ksa mQij p<+rs x,] R;ksa&R;ksa lk¡l ysus
esa fnDdr gksus yxhA ,d oqQyh dh ukd ls [kwu cgus yxkA tYnh ls
tokgjyky us mldk mipkj fd;kA [kqn mUgsa Hkh duiVh dh ulksa esa ruko
eglwl gks jgk Fkk] yxrk Fkk tSls fnekx esa [kwu p<+ vk;k gksA fiQj Hkh
tokgjyky us vkxs c<+us dk bjknk ugha cnykA
FkksM+h nsj esa cI
+
kZQ iM+us yxhA fiQlyu c<+ xbZ] pyuk Hkh dfBu gks x;kA
,d rjI
+
kQ Fkdku] mQij ls lhèkh p<+kbZA rHkh lkeus ,d cI
+
kQhZyk eSnku u”kj
vk;kA pkjksa vksj fge f'k[kjksa ls f?kjk og eSnku nsorkvksa osQ eqoqQV osQ leku
yx jgk FkkA izo`Qfr dh oSQlh euksgj NVk Fkha vk¡[kksa vkSj eu dks rjksrkT
+
kk dj
xbZA cl ,d >yd fn[kkdj cI
+
kZQ osQ èkq¡èkyosQ esa vks>y gks xbZA
fnu osQ ckjg ctus okys FksA lqcg pkj cts ls os yksx yxkrkj p<+kbZ
dj jgs FksA 'kk;n lksyg gT
+
kkj iQhV dh
m¡QpkbZ ij gksaxs bl oDr --- vejukFk
141
142 142
ls Hkh mQijA ij vejukFk dh xqiQk dk nwj&nwj
rd irk ugha FkkA bl ij Hkh tokgjyky dh
pky esa u <hykiu Fkk] u cnu esa lqLrhA
fgeky; us pqukSrh tks nh FkhA fuxZe iFk ikj djus
dk mRlkg mUgsa vkxs [khap jgk FkkA
¶'kkc] ykSV pfy,A okil oSaQi esa ig
q
¡prs&
ig
q
¡prs fnu <y tk,xk]¸ ,d oqQyh us dgkA
¶ysfdu vHkh rks vejukFk ig
q
¡ps ughaA¸ tokgjyky dks ykSVus dk fopkj
ilan ugha vk;kA
¶og rks nwj cI
+
kZQ osQ ml eSnku osQ ikj gS]¸ fd'ku chp esa cksy iM+kA
¶pyks] pyksA p<+kbZ rks ikj dj yh] vc vkèks ehy dk eSnku gh rks ckdh
gS]¸ dgdj tokgjyky us FkosQ g
q
, oqQfy;ksa dks mRlkfgr fd;kA
lkeus likV cI
+
kZQ dk eSnku fn[kkbZ ns jgk FkkA mlosQ ikj nwljh vksj ls uhps
mrjdj xqiQk rd ig
q
¡pk tk ldrk FkkA tokgjyky iqQrhZ ls c<+rs tk jgs FksA
nwj ls eSnku ftruk likV fn[k jgk Fkk vlfy;r esa mruk gh mQcM+&[kkcM+
FkkA rk”kh cI
+
kZQ us m¡Qph&uhph pêðkuksa dks ,d iryh pknj ls <d dj ,d
leku dj fn;k FkkA xgjh [kkb;k¡ Fkha] xîôs cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ g
q
, Fks vkSj xT
+
kc dh
fiQlyu FkhA dHkh iSj fiQlyrk vkSj dHkh cI
+
kZQ esa iSj vanj èk¡lrk tkrk] èk¡lrk
tkrkA cgqr uki&uki dj dne j[kus iM+ jgs FksA ;s rks p<+kbZ ls Hkh eqf'dy
Fkk] ij tokgjyky dks eT
+
kk vk jgk FkkA rHkh tokgjyky us ns[kk lkeus ,d
xgjh [kkbZ eq¡g iQkM+s fuxyus osQ fy, rS;kj FkhA vpkud mudk iSj fiQlykA
os yM+[kM+k, vkSj blls igys fd l¡Hky ik,¡ os [kkbZ esa fxj iM+sA
¶'kkc --- fxj x,!¸ fd'ku ph[kkA
¶tokgj ---!¸ HkkbZ dh iqdkj okfn;ksa dh 'kkafr Hkax dj xbZA os [kkbZ
dh vksj rsT
+
kh ls c<+sA
jLlh ls c¡èks tokgjyky gok esa yVd jgs FksA mI
+
kQ] oSQlk >Vdk yxkA nksuksa
rjI
+
kQ pêðkusa&gh&pêðkusa] uhps xgjh [kkbZA tokgjyky dldj jLlh idM+s Fks]
ogh mudk ,dek=k lgkjk FkkA
143 143
¶tokgj---!¸ mQij ls HkkbZ dh iqdkj lqukbZ nhA
eq¡g mQij mBk;k rks HkkbZ vkSj fd'ku osQ èkq¡èkys psgjs [kkbZ esa >k¡drs
g
q
, fn[kkbZ fn,A ¶ge [khap jgs gSa] jLlh dl osQ idM+s jguk]¸ HkkbZ us
fgnk;r nhA
tokgjyky tkurs Fks fd fiQlyu osQ dkj.k ;w¡ mQij [khap ysuk vklku ugha
gksxkA ¶HkkbZ] eSa pêðku ij iSj tek yw¡]¸ og fpYyk,A [kkbZ dh nhokjksa ls mudh
vkokT
+
k Vdjkdj nwj&nwj rd xw¡t xbZA gYdh&lh isax c<+k tokgjyky us [kkbZ
dh nhokj ls mHkjh pêðku dks e”kcwrh ls idM+ fy;k vkSj iFkjhys èkjkry ij
iSj tek fy,A iSjksa rys èkjrh osQ ,glkl ls tokgjyky dh fgEer c<+ xbZA
¶?kcjkuk er] tokgj]¸ HkkbZ dh vkokt
+
 lqukbZ nhA
¶eSa fcYoqQy Bhd gw¡]¸ dgdj tokgjyky eT
+
kcwrh ls jLlh idM+
,d&,d dne mQij dh vksj c<+us yxsA dHkh iSj fiQlyrk] dHkh dksbZ
gYdk&iqQYdk iRFkj iSjksa osQ uhps ls ljd tkrk] rks og eu&gh&eu dk¡i tkrs
vkSj eT
+
kcwrh ls jLlh idM+ ysrsA jLlh ls gFksfy;k¡ Hkh tSls dVus yxha Fkha ij
tokgjyky us ml rjI
+
kQ è;ku ugha fn;kA oqQyh vkSj fd'ku mUgsa [khapdj
ckj&ckj mQij p<+us esa enn dj jgs FksA èkhjs&èkhjs ljd dj fdlh rjg
tokgjyky mQij igq¡psA eqM+dj mQij ls uhps ns[kk fd [kkbZ bruh xgjh Fkh
fd dksbZ fxj tk, rks mldk irk Hkh u pysA
¶'kqØ gS] Hkxoku dk!¸ HkkbZ us xgjh lk¡l yhA
¶'kkc] pksV rks ugha vkbZ\¸ ,d oqQyh us iwNkA
xnZu fgyk] diM+s >kM+ tokgjyky fiQj pyus dks rS;kj gks x,A bl
gknls ls gYdk&lk >Vdk T
+
k:j yxk fiQj Hkh tks'k BaMk ugha g
q
vkA og
vc Hkh vkxs tkuk pkgrs FksA
vkxs pydj bl rjg dh xgjh vkSj pkSM+h [kkb;ksa dh rknkn cg
q
r FkhA
[kkb;k¡ ikj djus dk mfpr lkeku Hkh rks ugha FkkA fujk'k gksdj tokgjyky
dks vejukFk rd dk lI
+
kQj vèkwjk NksM+dj okil ykSVuk iM+kA vejukFk ig
q
¡pus
dk liuk rks iwjk uk gks ldk ij fgeky; dh m¡Qpkb;k¡ lnk tokgjyky dks
vkd£"kr djrh jghaA
lqjs[kk i.kanhdj
Page 5


140 140
tks”khyk ikl ls vkxs pydj
tokgjyky ekrk;u igq¡ps rks ogk¡
osQ uo;qod oqQyh us crk;k] ¶'kkc]
lkeus ml cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ igkM+ osQ
ihNs vejukFk dh xqiQk gSA¸
¶ysfdu] 'kkc] jkLrk cgqr
Vs<+k gSA¸ fd'ku us oqQyh dh
ckr dkVhA ¶cgqr p<+kbZ gSA vkSj
'kkc] nwj Hkh gSA¸
¶fdruh nwj\¸ tokgjyky
us iwNkA
¶vkB ehy] 'kkc]¸ oqQyh us
tYnh ls mÙkj fn;kA
¶cl! rc rks T
+
k:j pysaxsA¸ tokgjyky us vius ppsjs HkkbZ dh vksj iz'ulwpd
n`f"V MkyhA nksuksa d'ehj ?kweus fudys Fks vkSj tksT
+
khyk ikl ls gksdj yík[kh
bykosQ dh vksj pys vk, FksA vc vejukFk tkus esa D;k vkifÙk gks ldrh Fkh\
fiQj tokgjyky jkLrs dh eqf'dyksa osQ ckjs esa lqudj lI
+
kQj osQ fy, vkSj Hkh
mRlqd gks x,A
¶dkSu&dkSu pysxk gekjs lkFk\¸ tokgjyky us tkuuk pkgkA
rqjar fd'ku cksyk] ¶'kkc eSa pyw¡xkA HksM+sa pjkus esjh csVh pyh tk,xhA¸
vxys fnu lqcg rM+osQ rS;kj gksdj tokgjyky ckgj vk x,A vkdk'k esa
jkf=k dh dkfyek ij izkr% dh ykfyek iSQyrh tk jgh FkhA frCcrh iBkj dk
n`'; fujkyk FkkA nwj&nwj rd ouLifr&jfgr mtkM+ pêð kuh bykdk fn[kkbZ ns jgk
FkkA mnkl] iQhosQ] cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ pêðkuh igkM+ lqcg dh igyh fdj.kksa dk Li'kZ
ikdj rkt dh Hkk¡fr ped mBsA nwj ls NksVs&NksVs Xysf'k;j ,sls yxrs] ekuks
18
pqukSrh fgeky; dh pqukSrh fgeky; dh
140 141 141
Lokxr djus osQ fy, ikl ljdrs vk jgs gksaA lnZ gok osQ >ksaosQ gfîó;ksa rd
BaMd igq¡pk jgs FksA
tokgj us gFksfy;k¡ vkil esa jxM+dj xje dha vkSj dej esa jLlh yisV dj
pyus dks rS;kj gks x,A fgeky; dh nqxZe ioZrekyk eq¡g mBk, pqukSrh ns jgh
FkhA tokgj bl pqukSrh dks oSQls u Lohdkj djrsA HkkbZ] fd'ku vkSj oqQyh lHkh
jLlh osQ lkFk tqM+s FksA fd'ku xM+sfj;k vc xkbM cu x;kA
cl vkB ehy gh rks ikj djus gSaA tks'k esa vkdj tokgjyky p<+kbZ p<+us
yxsA ;w¡ vkB ehy dh nwjh dksbZ cg
q
r ugha gksrhA ysfdu bu igkM+h jkLrksa ij
vkB dne pyuk nwHkj gks x;kA ,d&,d Mx Hkjus esa dfBukbZ gks jgh FkhA
jkLrk cg
q
r gh ohjku FkkA isM+&ikSèkksa dh gfj;kyh osQ vHkko esa ,d vthc
[kkyhiu&lk eglwl gks jgk FkkA dgha ,d iwQy fn[k tkrk rks vk¡[kksa dks BaMd
fey tkrhA fn[k jgh Fkha fli
+
ZQ iFkjhyh pêðkusa vkSj lI
+
ksQn cI
+
kZQA fiQj Hkh bl
xgjs lUukVs esa cg
q
r lqowQu FkkA ,d vksj lw¡&lw¡ djrh cI
+
kQhZyh gok cnu dks
dkVrh rks nwljh vksj rkT
+
kxh vkSj LiwQ£r Hkh nsrhA
tokgjyky c<+rs tk jgs FksA T;ksa&T;ksa mQij p<+rs x,] R;ksa&R;ksa lk¡l ysus
esa fnDdr gksus yxhA ,d oqQyh dh ukd ls [kwu cgus yxkA tYnh ls
tokgjyky us mldk mipkj fd;kA [kqn mUgsa Hkh duiVh dh ulksa esa ruko
eglwl gks jgk Fkk] yxrk Fkk tSls fnekx esa [kwu p<+ vk;k gksA fiQj Hkh
tokgjyky us vkxs c<+us dk bjknk ugha cnykA
FkksM+h nsj esa cI
+
kZQ iM+us yxhA fiQlyu c<+ xbZ] pyuk Hkh dfBu gks x;kA
,d rjI
+
kQ Fkdku] mQij ls lhèkh p<+kbZA rHkh lkeus ,d cI
+
kQhZyk eSnku u”kj
vk;kA pkjksa vksj fge f'k[kjksa ls f?kjk og eSnku nsorkvksa osQ eqoqQV osQ leku
yx jgk FkkA izo`Qfr dh oSQlh euksgj NVk Fkha vk¡[kksa vkSj eu dks rjksrkT
+
kk dj
xbZA cl ,d >yd fn[kkdj cI
+
kZQ osQ èkq¡èkyosQ esa vks>y gks xbZA
fnu osQ ckjg ctus okys FksA lqcg pkj cts ls os yksx yxkrkj p<+kbZ
dj jgs FksA 'kk;n lksyg gT
+
kkj iQhV dh
m¡QpkbZ ij gksaxs bl oDr --- vejukFk
141
142 142
ls Hkh mQijA ij vejukFk dh xqiQk dk nwj&nwj
rd irk ugha FkkA bl ij Hkh tokgjyky dh
pky esa u <hykiu Fkk] u cnu esa lqLrhA
fgeky; us pqukSrh tks nh FkhA fuxZe iFk ikj djus
dk mRlkg mUgsa vkxs [khap jgk FkkA
¶'kkc] ykSV pfy,A okil oSaQi esa ig
q
¡prs&
ig
q
¡prs fnu <y tk,xk]¸ ,d oqQyh us dgkA
¶ysfdu vHkh rks vejukFk ig
q
¡ps ughaA¸ tokgjyky dks ykSVus dk fopkj
ilan ugha vk;kA
¶og rks nwj cI
+
kZQ osQ ml eSnku osQ ikj gS]¸ fd'ku chp esa cksy iM+kA
¶pyks] pyksA p<+kbZ rks ikj dj yh] vc vkèks ehy dk eSnku gh rks ckdh
gS]¸ dgdj tokgjyky us FkosQ g
q
, oqQfy;ksa dks mRlkfgr fd;kA
lkeus likV cI
+
kZQ dk eSnku fn[kkbZ ns jgk FkkA mlosQ ikj nwljh vksj ls uhps
mrjdj xqiQk rd ig
q
¡pk tk ldrk FkkA tokgjyky iqQrhZ ls c<+rs tk jgs FksA
nwj ls eSnku ftruk likV fn[k jgk Fkk vlfy;r esa mruk gh mQcM+&[kkcM+
FkkA rk”kh cI
+
kZQ us m¡Qph&uhph pêðkuksa dks ,d iryh pknj ls <d dj ,d
leku dj fn;k FkkA xgjh [kkb;k¡ Fkha] xîôs cI
+
kZQ ls <osQ g
q
, Fks vkSj xT
+
kc dh
fiQlyu FkhA dHkh iSj fiQlyrk vkSj dHkh cI
+
kZQ esa iSj vanj èk¡lrk tkrk] èk¡lrk
tkrkA cgqr uki&uki dj dne j[kus iM+ jgs FksA ;s rks p<+kbZ ls Hkh eqf'dy
Fkk] ij tokgjyky dks eT
+
kk vk jgk FkkA rHkh tokgjyky us ns[kk lkeus ,d
xgjh [kkbZ eq¡g iQkM+s fuxyus osQ fy, rS;kj FkhA vpkud mudk iSj fiQlykA
os yM+[kM+k, vkSj blls igys fd l¡Hky ik,¡ os [kkbZ esa fxj iM+sA
¶'kkc --- fxj x,!¸ fd'ku ph[kkA
¶tokgj ---!¸ HkkbZ dh iqdkj okfn;ksa dh 'kkafr Hkax dj xbZA os [kkbZ
dh vksj rsT
+
kh ls c<+sA
jLlh ls c¡èks tokgjyky gok esa yVd jgs FksA mI
+
kQ] oSQlk >Vdk yxkA nksuksa
rjI
+
kQ pêðkusa&gh&pêðkusa] uhps xgjh [kkbZA tokgjyky dldj jLlh idM+s Fks]
ogh mudk ,dek=k lgkjk FkkA
143 143
¶tokgj---!¸ mQij ls HkkbZ dh iqdkj lqukbZ nhA
eq¡g mQij mBk;k rks HkkbZ vkSj fd'ku osQ èkq¡èkys psgjs [kkbZ esa >k¡drs
g
q
, fn[kkbZ fn,A ¶ge [khap jgs gSa] jLlh dl osQ idM+s jguk]¸ HkkbZ us
fgnk;r nhA
tokgjyky tkurs Fks fd fiQlyu osQ dkj.k ;w¡ mQij [khap ysuk vklku ugha
gksxkA ¶HkkbZ] eSa pêðku ij iSj tek yw¡]¸ og fpYyk,A [kkbZ dh nhokjksa ls mudh
vkokT
+
k Vdjkdj nwj&nwj rd xw¡t xbZA gYdh&lh isax c<+k tokgjyky us [kkbZ
dh nhokj ls mHkjh pêðku dks e”kcwrh ls idM+ fy;k vkSj iFkjhys èkjkry ij
iSj tek fy,A iSjksa rys èkjrh osQ ,glkl ls tokgjyky dh fgEer c<+ xbZA
¶?kcjkuk er] tokgj]¸ HkkbZ dh vkokt
+
 lqukbZ nhA
¶eSa fcYoqQy Bhd gw¡]¸ dgdj tokgjyky eT
+
kcwrh ls jLlh idM+
,d&,d dne mQij dh vksj c<+us yxsA dHkh iSj fiQlyrk] dHkh dksbZ
gYdk&iqQYdk iRFkj iSjksa osQ uhps ls ljd tkrk] rks og eu&gh&eu dk¡i tkrs
vkSj eT
+
kcwrh ls jLlh idM+ ysrsA jLlh ls gFksfy;k¡ Hkh tSls dVus yxha Fkha ij
tokgjyky us ml rjI
+
kQ è;ku ugha fn;kA oqQyh vkSj fd'ku mUgsa [khapdj
ckj&ckj mQij p<+us esa enn dj jgs FksA èkhjs&èkhjs ljd dj fdlh rjg
tokgjyky mQij igq¡psA eqM+dj mQij ls uhps ns[kk fd [kkbZ bruh xgjh Fkh
fd dksbZ fxj tk, rks mldk irk Hkh u pysA
¶'kqØ gS] Hkxoku dk!¸ HkkbZ us xgjh lk¡l yhA
¶'kkc] pksV rks ugha vkbZ\¸ ,d oqQyh us iwNkA
xnZu fgyk] diM+s >kM+ tokgjyky fiQj pyus dks rS;kj gks x,A bl
gknls ls gYdk&lk >Vdk T
+
k:j yxk fiQj Hkh tks'k BaMk ugha g
q
vkA og
vc Hkh vkxs tkuk pkgrs FksA
vkxs pydj bl rjg dh xgjh vkSj pkSM+h [kkb;ksa dh rknkn cg
q
r FkhA
[kkb;k¡ ikj djus dk mfpr lkeku Hkh rks ugha FkkA fujk'k gksdj tokgjyky
dks vejukFk rd dk lI
+
kQj vèkwjk NksM+dj okil ykSVuk iM+kA vejukFk ig
q
¡pus
dk liuk rks iwjk uk gks ldk ij fgeky; dh m¡Qpkb;k¡ lnk tokgjyky dks
vkd£"kr djrh jghaA
lqjs[kk i.kanhdj
dgk¡ D;k gS
1- (d) yík[k tEew&d'ehj jkT; esa gSA Åij fn, Hkkjr osQ uD'ks esa <w¡<+ks fd yík[k dgk¡ gS vkSj
rqEgkjk ?kj dgk¡ gS\
([k) vuqeku yxkvks fd rqe tgk¡ jgrs gks ogk¡ ls yík[k igq¡pus esa fdrus fnu yx ldrs gSa
vkSj ogk¡ fdu&fdu T
+
kfj;ksa ls igq¡pk tk ldrk gS\
144
© Hkkjr ljdkj dk izfrfyI;kfèkdkj] 2007A  (1) vkarfjd fooj.kksa dks lgh n'kkZus dk nkf;Ro izdk'kd dk gSA
(2) leqnz esa Hkkjr dk tyizns'k] mi;qDr vkèkkj&js[kk ls ekis x;s ckjg leqnzh ehy dh nwjh rd gSA (3) paMhx<+] iatkc vkSj gfj;k.kk osQ iz'kklh eq[;ky; paMhx<+ esa gSA
(4) bl ekufp=k esa v#.kkpy izns'k] vle vkSj es?kky; osQ eè; esa n'kkZ;h x;h varjkZT;h; lhek;sa] mÙkjh iwohZ {ks=k (iquxZBu) vfèkfu;e 1971 osQ fuokZpukuqlkj nf'kZr gS]
ijarq vHkh lR;kfir gksuh gSA
(5) Hkkjr dh ckg~; lhek;sa rFkk leqnz rVh; js[kk;sa Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx }kjk lR;kfir vfHkys[k @ izèkku izfr ls esy [kkrh gSA
(6) bl ekufp=k esa mÙkjkapy ,oa mÙkjizns'k] >kj[kaM ,oa fcgkj vkSj NÙkhlx<+ ,oa eè;izns'k osQ chp dh jkT; lhek;sa lacafèkr ljdkjksa }kjk lR;kfir ugha dh x;h gSA
(7) bl ekufp=k esa nf'kZr ukeksa dk v{kjfoU;kl fofHkUu lw=kksa }kjk izkIr fd;k gSA