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CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 - Illustrations of util i zation of input tax credi t 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 
 
Illustrations of utilization of input  tax credit 
 
11.1 Simple illustrations to understand GST principle 
 
Some simple i lustrations are given below to understand basic concept of GST. 
 
Note that Input Tax Credit (ITC) of GST Compensation Cess will be available only for payment of GST 
Compensation Cess. 
11.2 Both receipt and supply of goods and services in same State 
 
When both receipt and supply of goods and services is in the same State, the mechanism of input tax will work 
as fo lows. 
Illustration 2.1 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                      120              120 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              20                20 
Illustration 2.2 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is 6% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        72                72 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            28                28 
Excess credit due to di fference in GST rates is termed as di fference due to 'i nverted duty structure'. In some 
cases, provision may be made for refund of such excess credit. 
If there is no such provision and if the excess credit of Rs 28 each of SGST and CGST cannot be utilized in 
any normal course of business in any near future, due to rate di fference between GST rate on inputs and GST 
rate of outputs, the excess credit should be written off to profit and loss account. If it is not so written off, the 
Page 2


CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 - Illustrations of util i zation of input tax credi t 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 
 
Illustrations of utilization of input  tax credit 
 
11.1 Simple illustrations to understand GST principle 
 
Some simple i lustrations are given below to understand basic concept of GST. 
 
Note that Input Tax Credit (ITC) of GST Compensation Cess will be available only for payment of GST 
Compensation Cess. 
11.2 Both receipt and supply of goods and services in same State 
 
When both receipt and supply of goods and services is in the same State, the mechanism of input tax will work 
as fo lows. 
Illustration 2.1 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                      120              120 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              20                20 
Illustration 2.2 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is 6% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        72                72 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            28                28 
Excess credit due to di fference in GST rates is termed as di fference due to 'i nverted duty structure'. In some 
cases, provision may be made for refund of such excess credit. 
If there is no such provision and if the excess credit of Rs 28 each of SGST and CGST cannot be utilized in 
any normal course of business in any near future, due to rate di fference between GST rate on inputs and GST 
rate of outputs, the excess credit should be written off to profit and loss account. If it is not so written off, the 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
profit will be over-stated to that extent. 
 
The excess credit of Rs 28 can be carried forward in Electronic Credit Ledger. 
 
Illustration 2.3 - Value of supply of goods and services (50% sold out of goods purchased) - Rs 600. 
SGST and CGST rate on supply of goods and services is 10% each. Balance 50% is in stock. Value of 
receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        60                60 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            40                40 
One to one relation is not required in GST provisions. Thus, entire input tax credit is available even if only 50% 
of the goods are sold. The excess credit of Rs 40 each of SGST and CGST can be carried forward in 
Electronic Credit Ledger and utilized in subsequent period. 
Illustration 2.4 - Supply of goods and services within India- Rs.800. Exports of goods and services Rs 400. 
SGST and CGST rate on supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - 
Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 800                                                           80                80 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            20                20 
The excess credit of Rs 20 each of SGST and CGST can be carried forward in Electronic Credit Ledger and 
utilized in subsequent period. If it is not possible to utilize the excess credit in near future in normal course of 
business, refund claim can be f iled as per provisions of SGST and CGST Act. 
11.3 Input goods and services used for taxable  and exempted goods and services 
 
Illustration 3.1 A manufacturer  procures input goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and 
CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. He manufactured two products out of inputs. One product of value of Rs 
800 was subject to SGST and CGST @ 10% each. Other product of value of Rs 800 was exempt from 
SGST and CGST. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 800                                                           96                96 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger [only 50% input tax credit available] 
 
50                50 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              46                46 
 
Unutilisable input tax credit                                                                                                       50                50 
Page 3


CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 - Illustrations of util i zation of input tax credi t 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 
 
Illustrations of utilization of input  tax credit 
 
11.1 Simple illustrations to understand GST principle 
 
Some simple i lustrations are given below to understand basic concept of GST. 
 
Note that Input Tax Credit (ITC) of GST Compensation Cess will be available only for payment of GST 
Compensation Cess. 
11.2 Both receipt and supply of goods and services in same State 
 
When both receipt and supply of goods and services is in the same State, the mechanism of input tax will work 
as fo lows. 
Illustration 2.1 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                      120              120 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              20                20 
Illustration 2.2 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is 6% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        72                72 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            28                28 
Excess credit due to di fference in GST rates is termed as di fference due to 'i nverted duty structure'. In some 
cases, provision may be made for refund of such excess credit. 
If there is no such provision and if the excess credit of Rs 28 each of SGST and CGST cannot be utilized in 
any normal course of business in any near future, due to rate di fference between GST rate on inputs and GST 
rate of outputs, the excess credit should be written off to profit and loss account. If it is not so written off, the 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
profit will be over-stated to that extent. 
 
The excess credit of Rs 28 can be carried forward in Electronic Credit Ledger. 
 
Illustration 2.3 - Value of supply of goods and services (50% sold out of goods purchased) - Rs 600. 
SGST and CGST rate on supply of goods and services is 10% each. Balance 50% is in stock. Value of 
receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        60                60 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            40                40 
One to one relation is not required in GST provisions. Thus, entire input tax credit is available even if only 50% 
of the goods are sold. The excess credit of Rs 40 each of SGST and CGST can be carried forward in 
Electronic Credit Ledger and utilized in subsequent period. 
Illustration 2.4 - Supply of goods and services within India- Rs.800. Exports of goods and services Rs 400. 
SGST and CGST rate on supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - 
Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 800                                                           80                80 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            20                20 
The excess credit of Rs 20 each of SGST and CGST can be carried forward in Electronic Credit Ledger and 
utilized in subsequent period. If it is not possible to utilize the excess credit in near future in normal course of 
business, refund claim can be f iled as per provisions of SGST and CGST Act. 
11.3 Input goods and services used for taxable  and exempted goods and services 
 
Illustration 3.1 A manufacturer  procures input goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and 
CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. He manufactured two products out of inputs. One product of value of Rs 
800 was subject to SGST and CGST @ 10% each. Other product of value of Rs 800 was exempt from 
SGST and CGST. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 800                                                           96                96 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger [only 50% input tax credit available] 
 
50                50 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              46                46 
 
Unutilisable input tax credit                                                                                                       50                50 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
Since 50% of supply of goods and services are exempt, assessee can avail only 50% of input tax credit. 
 
The unutilisable  input tax credit is required  to be reversed  in Electronic  Credit Ledger,  as it pertains  to 
exempted goods. 
11.4 Receipt of goods and services within State  but supply of goods and services outside  the State 
 
Illustration 4.1 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 1,200. IGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST 
rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                   Nil               Nil              240 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                                                  40 
The entire input tax credit of SGST and CGST can be utilized for payment of IGST on supply of goods and 
services. 
SGST credit can be uti lized for payment of IGST but not for payment of CGST. 
 
Since the consumption of goods/services is outside the State, the State is not entitled to get any tax out of this 
transaction. Hence, the SGST utilized for payment of IGST will be debited by Central Clearing Agency to that 
State (the reason is that entire IGST quantum should be received by Centre). 
Illustration 4.2 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 100. Value of supply of goods and 
services within State - Rs 1,100. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of 
goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 100                                                               20 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,100                 110              110 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         10                10                20 
Illustration 4.3 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state - Rs 600. Value of supply of goods 
and services within State - Rs 600. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20% Value of receipt of 
goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                                                             120 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                      60                60 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         Nil               Nil                40 
The excess credit of SGST and CGST can be utilized for payment of IGST. 
Page 4


CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 - Illustrations of util i zation of input tax credi t 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 
 
Illustrations of utilization of input  tax credit 
 
11.1 Simple illustrations to understand GST principle 
 
Some simple i lustrations are given below to understand basic concept of GST. 
 
Note that Input Tax Credit (ITC) of GST Compensation Cess will be available only for payment of GST 
Compensation Cess. 
11.2 Both receipt and supply of goods and services in same State 
 
When both receipt and supply of goods and services is in the same State, the mechanism of input tax will work 
as fo lows. 
Illustration 2.1 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                      120              120 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              20                20 
Illustration 2.2 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is 6% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        72                72 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            28                28 
Excess credit due to di fference in GST rates is termed as di fference due to 'i nverted duty structure'. In some 
cases, provision may be made for refund of such excess credit. 
If there is no such provision and if the excess credit of Rs 28 each of SGST and CGST cannot be utilized in 
any normal course of business in any near future, due to rate di fference between GST rate on inputs and GST 
rate of outputs, the excess credit should be written off to profit and loss account. If it is not so written off, the 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
profit will be over-stated to that extent. 
 
The excess credit of Rs 28 can be carried forward in Electronic Credit Ledger. 
 
Illustration 2.3 - Value of supply of goods and services (50% sold out of goods purchased) - Rs 600. 
SGST and CGST rate on supply of goods and services is 10% each. Balance 50% is in stock. Value of 
receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        60                60 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            40                40 
One to one relation is not required in GST provisions. Thus, entire input tax credit is available even if only 50% 
of the goods are sold. The excess credit of Rs 40 each of SGST and CGST can be carried forward in 
Electronic Credit Ledger and utilized in subsequent period. 
Illustration 2.4 - Supply of goods and services within India- Rs.800. Exports of goods and services Rs 400. 
SGST and CGST rate on supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - 
Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 800                                                           80                80 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            20                20 
The excess credit of Rs 20 each of SGST and CGST can be carried forward in Electronic Credit Ledger and 
utilized in subsequent period. If it is not possible to utilize the excess credit in near future in normal course of 
business, refund claim can be f iled as per provisions of SGST and CGST Act. 
11.3 Input goods and services used for taxable  and exempted goods and services 
 
Illustration 3.1 A manufacturer  procures input goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and 
CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. He manufactured two products out of inputs. One product of value of Rs 
800 was subject to SGST and CGST @ 10% each. Other product of value of Rs 800 was exempt from 
SGST and CGST. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 800                                                           96                96 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger [only 50% input tax credit available] 
 
50                50 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              46                46 
 
Unutilisable input tax credit                                                                                                       50                50 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
Since 50% of supply of goods and services are exempt, assessee can avail only 50% of input tax credit. 
 
The unutilisable  input tax credit is required  to be reversed  in Electronic  Credit Ledger,  as it pertains  to 
exempted goods. 
11.4 Receipt of goods and services within State  but supply of goods and services outside  the State 
 
Illustration 4.1 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 1,200. IGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST 
rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                   Nil               Nil              240 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                                                  40 
The entire input tax credit of SGST and CGST can be utilized for payment of IGST on supply of goods and 
services. 
SGST credit can be uti lized for payment of IGST but not for payment of CGST. 
 
Since the consumption of goods/services is outside the State, the State is not entitled to get any tax out of this 
transaction. Hence, the SGST utilized for payment of IGST will be debited by Central Clearing Agency to that 
State (the reason is that entire IGST quantum should be received by Centre). 
Illustration 4.2 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 100. Value of supply of goods and 
services within State - Rs 1,100. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of 
goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 100                                                               20 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,100                 110              110 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         10                10                20 
Illustration 4.3 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state - Rs 600. Value of supply of goods 
and services within State - Rs 600. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20% Value of receipt of 
goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                                                             120 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                      60                60 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         Nil               Nil                40 
The excess credit of SGST and CGST can be utilized for payment of IGST. 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
Illustration 4.4 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 1,100. Value of supply of goods 
and services within State - Rs 100. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of 
goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,100                                                          220 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 100                      10                10 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         Nil               Nil                40 
The excess credit of SGST and CGST can be utilized for payment of IGST. 
 
However, if SGST credit is utilized for payment of IGST, that amount will be debited by Central Clearing 
Agency to that State, as that State is not supposed to get any tax from this transaction. 
 
Illustration 4.5 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 600. Value of supply of goods and 
services exported - Rs 600. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of goods and 
services within State- Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                                                             120 
 
Tax payable on exports of Rs 600 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer                                                                 Nil               Nil               Nil 
The credit of SGST of Rs 20 and CGST of Rs 100 can be utilized for payment of IGST. This is because 
credit of IGST, CGST and SGST is required to be used in that sequence. 
Thus, there will be excess credit of SGST of Rs 80 in Electronic Credit Ledger, which can be carried forward. 
If it cannot be utilized, refund can be obtained. 
Central Clearing Agency will debit Rs 20 to the State. 
 
11.5 Receipt of goods and services inter-State but supply of goods and services within the State 
 
Illustration 5.1 - Value of supply of goods and services within state- Rs 1,200. SGST and IGST rate on 
supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services inter-State-  Rs 1,000. 
IGST rate on receipts is 20%. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                 120              120 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
200 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer                                                                  40               Nil               Nil 
IGST credit should be utilized in sequence of IGST, CGST and SGST. 
 
Since IGST credit of Rs 80 was utilized for payment of SGST by assessee, amount of Rs 80 will be credited 
Page 5


CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 - Illustrations of util i zation of input tax credi t 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER 11 
 
Illustrations of utilization of input  tax credit 
 
11.1 Simple illustrations to understand GST principle 
 
Some simple i lustrations are given below to understand basic concept of GST. 
 
Note that Input Tax Credit (ITC) of GST Compensation Cess will be available only for payment of GST 
Compensation Cess. 
11.2 Both receipt and supply of goods and services in same State 
 
When both receipt and supply of goods and services is in the same State, the mechanism of input tax will work 
as fo lows. 
Illustration 2.1 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                      120              120 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              20                20 
Illustration 2.2 - Value of supply of goods and services - Rs 1,200. SGST and CGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is 6% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on 
receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        72                72 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            28                28 
Excess credit due to di fference in GST rates is termed as di fference due to 'i nverted duty structure'. In some 
cases, provision may be made for refund of such excess credit. 
If there is no such provision and if the excess credit of Rs 28 each of SGST and CGST cannot be utilized in 
any normal course of business in any near future, due to rate di fference between GST rate on inputs and GST 
rate of outputs, the excess credit should be written off to profit and loss account. If it is not so written off, the 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
profit will be over-stated to that extent. 
 
The excess credit of Rs 28 can be carried forward in Electronic Credit Ledger. 
 
Illustration 2.3 - Value of supply of goods and services (50% sold out of goods purchased) - Rs 600. 
SGST and CGST rate on supply of goods and services is 10% each. Balance 50% is in stock. Value of 
receipt of goods and services - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                                                        60                60 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            40                40 
One to one relation is not required in GST provisions. Thus, entire input tax credit is available even if only 50% 
of the goods are sold. The excess credit of Rs 40 each of SGST and CGST can be carried forward in 
Electronic Credit Ledger and utilized in subsequent period. 
Illustration 2.4 - Supply of goods and services within India- Rs.800. Exports of goods and services Rs 400. 
SGST and CGST rate on supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services - 
Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 800                                                           80                80 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                             Nil               Nil 
 
Excess credit                                                                                                                            20                20 
The excess credit of Rs 20 each of SGST and CGST can be carried forward in Electronic Credit Ledger and 
utilized in subsequent period. If it is not possible to utilize the excess credit in near future in normal course of 
business, refund claim can be f iled as per provisions of SGST and CGST Act. 
11.3 Input goods and services used for taxable  and exempted goods and services 
 
Illustration 3.1 A manufacturer  procures input goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and 
CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. He manufactured two products out of inputs. One product of value of Rs 
800 was subject to SGST and CGST @ 10% each. Other product of value of Rs 800 was exempt from 
SGST and CGST. 
 
Details                                                                                                                                SGST         CGST 
 
Tax payable on supply of goods and services of Rs 800                                                           96                96 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 available in 
Electronic Credit Ledger [only 50% input tax credit available] 
 
50                50 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                              46                46 
 
Unutilisable input tax credit                                                                                                       50                50 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
Since 50% of supply of goods and services are exempt, assessee can avail only 50% of input tax credit. 
 
The unutilisable  input tax credit is required  to be reversed  in Electronic  Credit Ledger,  as it pertains  to 
exempted goods. 
11.4 Receipt of goods and services within State  but supply of goods and services outside  the State 
 
Illustration 4.1 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 1,200. IGST rate on supply of 
goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST 
rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                   Nil               Nil              240 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                                                                  40 
The entire input tax credit of SGST and CGST can be utilized for payment of IGST on supply of goods and 
services. 
SGST credit can be uti lized for payment of IGST but not for payment of CGST. 
 
Since the consumption of goods/services is outside the State, the State is not entitled to get any tax out of this 
transaction. Hence, the SGST utilized for payment of IGST will be debited by Central Clearing Agency to that 
State (the reason is that entire IGST quantum should be received by Centre). 
Illustration 4.2 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 100. Value of supply of goods and 
services within State - Rs 1,100. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of 
goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 100                                                               20 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,100                 110              110 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         10                10                20 
Illustration 4.3 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state - Rs 600. Value of supply of goods 
and services within State - Rs 600. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20% Value of receipt of 
goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                                                             120 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                      60                60 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         Nil               Nil                40 
The excess credit of SGST and CGST can be utilized for payment of IGST. 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
Illustration 4.4 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 1,100. Value of supply of goods 
and services within State - Rs 100. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of 
goods and services within State - Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,100                                                          220 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 100                      10                10 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         Nil               Nil                40 
The excess credit of SGST and CGST can be utilized for payment of IGST. 
 
However, if SGST credit is utilized for payment of IGST, that amount will be debited by Central Clearing 
Agency to that State, as that State is not supposed to get any tax from this transaction. 
 
Illustration 4.5 - Value of supply of goods and services in inter-state- Rs 600. Value of supply of goods and 
services exported - Rs 600. IGST rate on supply of goods and services is 20%. Value of receipt of goods and 
services within State- Rs 1,000. SGST and CGST rate on receipts is 10% each. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                                                             120 
 
Tax payable on exports of Rs 600 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
100              100 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer                                                                 Nil               Nil               Nil 
The credit of SGST of Rs 20 and CGST of Rs 100 can be utilized for payment of IGST. This is because 
credit of IGST, CGST and SGST is required to be used in that sequence. 
Thus, there will be excess credit of SGST of Rs 80 in Electronic Credit Ledger, which can be carried forward. 
If it cannot be utilized, refund can be obtained. 
Central Clearing Agency will debit Rs 20 to the State. 
 
11.5 Receipt of goods and services inter-State but supply of goods and services within the State 
 
Illustration 5.1 - Value of supply of goods and services within state- Rs 1,200. SGST and IGST rate on 
supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of receipt of goods and services inter-State-  Rs 1,000. 
IGST rate on receipts is 20%. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,200                 120              120 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
200 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer                                                                  40               Nil               Nil 
IGST credit should be utilized in sequence of IGST, CGST and SGST. 
 
Since IGST credit of Rs 80 was utilized for payment of SGST by assessee, amount of Rs 80 will be credited 
CA DHRUV AGRAWAL – National Chairman Taxation Committee-All India Confederation of Small & Micro Industries Association  
 
 
by the Central Clearing Agency to that State, to ensure that the State gets entire tax of Rs 120 from that 
transaction. 
Illustration 5.2 - Value of supply of goods and services within state- Rs 100. SGST and IGST rate on 
supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of supply of goods inter-state - Rs 1,100. Value of receipt 
of goods and services inter-State- Rs 1,000. IGST rate on receipts is 20%. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 100                      10                10 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,100                                                          220 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
200 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         10                10                20 
IGST credit should be utilized in sequence of IGST, CGST and SGST. 
 
Illustration 5.3 - Value of supply of goods and services within state- Rs 1,100. SGST and IGST rate on 
supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of supply of goods inter-state - Rs 100. Value of receipt of 
goods and services inter-State- Rs 1,000. IGST rate on receipts and supply is 20%. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 1,100                 110              110 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 100                                                               20 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
200 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         40               Nil               Nil 
IGST credit should be utilized in sequence of IGST, CGST and SGST. 
 
IGST credit of Rs 70 was used by dealer for payment of SGST. Hence Rs 70 will be credited by Central 
Clearing Agency to that State to ensure that the State gets entire Rs 110 from this transaction. 
 
Illustration 5.4 - Value of supply of goods and services within state- Rs 600. SGST and IGST rate on 
supply of goods and services is 10% each. Value of supply of goods inter-state - Rs 600. Value of receipt of 
goods and services inter-State- Rs 1,000. IGST rate on receipts and supply is 20%. 
 
Details                                                                                                            SGST         CGST           IGST 
 
Tax payable on intra-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                      60                60 
 
Tax payable on inter-state supply of goods and services of Rs 600                                                             120 
 
Input tax credit of taxes paid on input goods and services of Rs 1,000 
available in Electronic Credit Ledger 
 
200 
 
Net tax payable by cash by the dealer in Electronic Cash Ledger                         40               Nil               Nil 
IGST credit should be utilized in sequence of IGST, CGST and SGST. 
 
IGST credit of Rs 20 was utilized by dealer for payment of SGST. Hence Rs 20 will be credited by Central 
Clearing Agency to the account of State 
 
Illustration 5.5 - Value of supply of goods and services within state- Rs 600. SGST and IGST rate on 
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FAQs on Ch 11 - Illustrations of Utilization of Input Tax Credit - GST Saral by CA Dhruv Aggarwal

1. What is input tax credit under GST?
Ans. Input tax credit under GST is the mechanism that allows businesses to claim a credit for the taxes paid on their purchases, which can be offset against the taxes they collect on their sales. It helps in eliminating the cascading effect of taxes and promotes seamless flow of credit throughout the supply chain.
2. How can input tax credit be utilized under GST?
Ans. Input tax credit can be utilized by businesses to reduce their tax liability. It can be used to offset the taxes payable on outward supplies, including both goods and services. The input tax credit can be claimed and utilized in the subsequent tax period, subject to certain conditions and restrictions as per the GST laws.
3. Are there any restrictions on the utilization of input tax credit under GST?
Ans. Yes, there are certain restrictions on the utilization of input tax credit under GST. Some of the key restrictions include: - Input tax credit can only be utilized for payment of output tax liability. It cannot be used for payment of other dues such as interest, penalty, or fees. - Input tax credit on certain goods and services, such as motor vehicles, works contract services for construction of immovable property, etc., is restricted and can be utilized only for specific purposes. - Input tax credit cannot be utilized if the supplier has not paid the tax to the government. - Input tax credit cannot be utilized if the recipient has not received the goods or services.
4. Can input tax credit be carried forward to subsequent tax periods?
Ans. Yes, input tax credit can be carried forward to subsequent tax periods if it remains unutilized in the current period. Businesses can claim and carry forward the input tax credit in their GST returns and utilize it in the future for payment of their tax liabilities.
5. What are the benefits of input tax credit under GST?
Ans. The benefits of input tax credit under GST include: - Elimination of cascading effect: Input tax credit helps in eliminating the cascading effect of taxes by allowing businesses to claim credit for taxes paid on their purchases. This reduces the overall tax burden on businesses and promotes a more efficient and transparent tax system. - Cost reduction: Input tax credit reduces the cost of inputs for businesses as they can claim credit for taxes paid on their purchases. This helps in reducing the overall cost of production and improves competitiveness in the market. - Simplified compliance: Input tax credit simplifies the compliance process for businesses as they can easily reconcile their inward and outward supplies and claim credit for the taxes paid. It promotes transparency and reduces the chances of tax evasion. - Boost to the economy: Input tax credit promotes seamless flow of credit throughout the supply chain, which helps in boosting the economy by encouraging more business transactions and investments.
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