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21.1
SOLUTIONS TO CONCEPTS 
CHAPTER 21
1. In the given Fizeau’ ? apparatus,
D = 12 km = 12 × 10
3
m
n = 180
c = 3 × 10
8
m/sec
We know, c = 
?
? Dn 2
? ? = 
Dn 2
c ?
rad/sec = 
?
?
? 180
Dn 2
c
deg/sec
? ? = 
180 10 24
10 3 180
3
8
? ?
? ?
= 1.25 × 10
4
deg/sec ?
2. In the given Focault experiment,
R = Distance between fixed and rotating mirror = 16m
? = Angular speed = 356 rev/ ? = 356 × 2 ? rad/sec
b = Distance between lens and rotating mirror = 6m
a = Distance between source and lens = 2m
s = shift in image = 0.7 cm = 0.7 × 10
–3
m
So, speed of light is given by,
C = 
) b R ( s
a R 4
2
?
?
= 
) 6 16 ( 10 7 . 0
2 2 356 16 4
3
2
? ?
? ? ? ? ?
?
= 2.975 × 10
8
m/s ?
3. In the given Michelson experiment,
D = 4.8 km = 4.8 × 10
3
m
N = 8
We know, c = 
?
?
2
N D
? ? = 
DN
c 2 ?
rad/sec = 
DN
c
rev/sec = 
8 10 8 . 4
10 3
3
8
? ?
?
= 7.8 × 10
3
rev/sec
* * * * *
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FAQs on HC Verma Solutions: Chapter 21 - Speed of Light - Physics Class 11 - NEET

1. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
Ans. The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second. It is denoted by the symbol 'c' in physics.
2. How was the speed of light first measured?
Ans. The speed of light was first measured by Danish astronomer Ole Rømer in the 17th century. He observed the moons of Jupiter and noticed a time delay in their eclipses depending on the distance between Earth and Jupiter. By analyzing these time delays, he estimated the speed of light to be about 225,000 kilometers per second.
3. Does the speed of light change in different mediums?
Ans. Yes, the speed of light changes when it passes through different mediums. In a vacuum, light travels at its maximum speed of approximately 299,792,458 meters per second. However, when light passes through materials like water, glass, or air, its speed decreases due to interactions with atoms and molecules in the medium.
4. Can anything travel faster than the speed of light?
Ans. According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. As an object with mass approaches the speed of light, its energy and momentum increase, making it more and more difficult to accelerate further. This implies that it would require an infinite amount of energy to reach or exceed the speed of light.
5. How does the speed of light affect our daily lives?
Ans. The speed of light plays a crucial role in various aspects of our daily lives. It allows us to see objects and perceive colors, as light travels from those objects to our eyes. It also enables us to communicate through optical fibers, which transmit data using light pulses. Additionally, the speed of light is fundamental to many scientific and technological applications, including astronomy, telecommunications, and laser technology.
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