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Irodov Solutions: Kinetic theory of Gases. Boltzmann’s Law and Maxwell’s Distribution (2.3) | Physics for Grade 12 PDF Download

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FAQs on Irodov Solutions: Kinetic theory of Gases. Boltzmann’s Law and Maxwell’s Distribution (2.3) - Physics for Grade 12

1. What is the kinetic theory of gases?
Ans. The kinetic theory of gases is a scientific model that explains the behavior of gases based on the motion of their particles. It states that gases consist of tiny particles (atoms or molecules) in constant random motion, and their properties can be described by their average kinetic energy.
2. What is Boltzmann's law in the context of kinetic theory of gases?
Ans. Boltzmann's law, also known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, describes the distribution of speeds of particles in a gas at a given temperature. It states that in a gas, the number of particles with a particular speed is proportional to the exponential of the negative square of that speed.
3. How is temperature related to the kinetic energy of gas particles?
Ans. According to the kinetic theory of gases, the average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas. As the temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of particles also increases, leading to an increase in their speed and collisions.
4. What is Maxwell's distribution in the context of kinetic theory of gases?
Ans. Maxwell's distribution is a probability distribution that describes the distribution of speeds of gas particles at a given temperature. It provides the probability of finding a gas particle with a particular speed. The distribution is characterized by a peak at the most probable speed and a tail extending to higher speeds.
5. How does the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution change with temperature?
Ans. With an increase in temperature, the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution shifts towards higher speeds, indicating a greater number of particles with higher speeds. This is because higher temperatures correspond to higher average kinetic energies of the gas particles, leading to a broader and flatter distribution.
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