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1. What is Thermodynamics?
Ans. Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy. It involves the study of the effects of work, heat, and energy on a system and its surroundings.
2. What are the laws of thermodynamics?
Ans. The laws of thermodynamics are as follows: 1st Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another. 2nd Law: The total entropy of a closed system always increases over time, meaning that all processes tend towards energy dispersal and disorder. 3rd Law: It is impossible to reach absolute zero temperature, the point at which all matter loses its energy and becomes motionless.
3. What is the difference between heat and temperature?
Ans. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another due to a temperature difference. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Heat can be measured in joules, while temperature is measured in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit.
4. What is an adiabatic process?
Ans. An adiabatic process is a thermodynamic process in which there is no exchange of heat between the system and its surroundings. This means that the system is thermally insulated and does not allow any heat to enter or leave. As a result, the internal energy of the system remains constant.
5. What is the Carnot cycle?
Ans. The Carnot cycle is a theoretical thermodynamic cycle that describes the most efficient way to convert heat into work. It consists of four processes: isothermal expansion, adiabatic expansion, isothermal compression, and adiabatic compression. The Carnot cycle operates between two thermal reservoirs at different temperatures and is the maximum efficiency that can be achieved by an engine.
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