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1. What are the s-block elements?
Ans. The s-block elements are the elements present in the first two groups of the periodic table, specifically Group 1 (alkali metals) and Group 2 (alkaline earth metals). They get their name from the fact that their valence electrons are in the s orbital.
2. What are the common properties of s-block elements?
Ans. The s-block elements share some common properties. They are all metals, have low ionization energies, and are highly reactive. They tend to form cations by losing electrons, have low melting and boiling points, and are good conductors of heat and electricity.
3. Why are the alkali metals highly reactive?
Ans. Alkali metals, which are part of the s-block elements, are highly reactive due to their low ionization energies and the presence of only one valence electron. They readily lose this electron to form a stable cation, resulting in their strong reactivity with other elements.
4. What are some common uses of s-block elements?
Ans. S-block elements have various important uses. For example, alkali metals like sodium and potassium are used in the production of soaps, detergents, and fertilizers. Calcium and magnesium, which are alkaline earth metals, are essential for the structure and function of bones and teeth in living organisms.
5. What are the differences between alkali metals and alkaline earth metals?
Ans. Alkali metals (Group 1) have one valence electron and are more reactive than alkaline earth metals (Group 2), which have two valence electrons. Alkali metals are softer and have lower melting and boiling points compared to alkaline earth metals. Additionally, alkali metals are more likely to form ionic compounds with nonmetals, while alkaline earth metals tend to form ionic compounds with both nonmetals and other metals.
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