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Under the same fact situation as above, suppose that the following restrictions hold good:
A) A can be included provided C is included.
B) E is included provided B or G is included but not both.
C) C can be included provided at least D or F is excluded.
Which one of the following is a certainty ?
  • a)
    A, B, C, & E
  • b)
    A, C, D & F
  • c)
    B, C, D & E
  • d)
    A,B,C&F
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Priya, a journalist, wrote and published an article concerning a high-profile criminal case. Subsequently, it was discovered that the article contained inaccurate information. The accused in the case, referencing the 2021 Rules, filed a complaint against Priya and the news organization employing her. Can the accused take legal action against Priya and the news organization?

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Under the same fact situation as above, suppose that the following restrictions hold good:A) A can be included provided C is included.B) E is included provided B or G is included but not both.C) C can be included provided at least D or F is excluded.Which one of the following is a certainty ?a)A, B, C, & Eb)A, C, D & Fc)B, C, D & Ed)A,B,C&FCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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