Photosynthesis occurs in the organelle called chloroplast in the plant cell, chloroplasts further have other structures like thylakoid, granum, stroma and all in it.

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and algae convert light energy into chemical energy. It takes place in specialized structures in the cell called chloroplasts.


Chloroplasts are membrane-bound organelles found in the cells of green plants and algae. They are the site of photosynthesis. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a pigment that absorbs light energy. The energy from the light is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.


Leaf cells are the main site of photosynthesis in green plants. The cells of a leaf are arranged in layers, with the upper layer being exposed to sunlight. These cells contain many chloroplasts, making them ideal for photosynthesis.


Photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll and carotenoids, are located in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts. These pigments absorb light energy and transfer it to other molecules, such as chlorophyll a, which is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis.


The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts. These reactions convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. Water is also split during these reactions, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.


The light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, take place in the stroma of the chloroplasts. These reactions use the ATP and NADPH generated during the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.


In conclusion, chloroplasts located in the leaf cells of green plants and algae are the main site of photosynthesis. These organelles contain photosynthetic pigments, which absorb light energy and convert it into chemical energy. The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes, while the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma.