A few example include provision of water , electricity and some modes of transport. The government has taken them up because water and electricity are the basic needs of every individual. If the work of providing electricity and water is left to private enterprises, the latter might exploit opportunities and sell these at rated witch the masses cannot afford. Hence, to ensure that basic amenities like water and electricity are available for all , the government supplies at low and affordable rates and ensures its uninterrupted supply to public.

**Public Sector Activities and Government Involvement**

The public sector refers to the part of the economy that is owned and controlled by the government. It includes various activities and services that are provided to the public in order to meet their essential needs. The government takes up these activities for several reasons, including:

**1. Infrastructure Development:**
One of the primary areas where the government undertakes public sector activities is in infrastructure development. This includes the construction and maintenance of roads, bridges, airports, railways, and other transportation networks. The government takes up these projects to ensure the smooth movement of goods and people, which is essential for economic development and social welfare.

**2. Education and Healthcare:**
Another important sector where the government plays a crucial role is in education and healthcare. The government establishes and manages public schools, colleges, and universities to provide affordable and quality education to all citizens. Similarly, it sets up public hospitals and healthcare centers to ensure that every individual has access to basic healthcare facilities. These activities are taken up to promote equal opportunities and improve the overall well-being of the population.

**3. Social Welfare Programs:**
The government also undertakes various social welfare programs to support vulnerable sections of society. This includes providing financial assistance, food subsidies, healthcare benefits, and housing facilities to the economically weaker sections. Such programs are aimed at reducing poverty, improving living standards, and ensuring social justice.

**4. Defense and National Security:**
Defense and national security are important responsibilities of the government. It involves the maintenance of armed forces, intelligence agencies, and other security measures to protect the nation from external threats. The government invests in defense activities to safeguard the sovereignty and integrity of the country.

**5. Natural Resource Management:**
The government is responsible for the management and conservation of natural resources such as forests, water bodies, and minerals. It formulates policies and regulations to ensure sustainable utilization of these resources for the benefit of the present and future generations. This includes activities like afforestation, wildlife conservation, and implementing environmental protection measures.

In summary, the government takes up public sector activities to fulfill the essential needs of the society, promote economic development, ensure social welfare, provide security, and protect natural resources. These activities are driven by the goal of serving the public and improving the overall quality of life for the citizens.