The practice of surveying was adopted by the British Government for creating an effective administration practice in India.

Explanation:
1. Introduction:
- The British Government took several measures to establish an efficient administration system in India during their colonial rule.
- One of the key practices adopted was the practice of surveying.

2. Importance of surveying:
- Surveying involved the measurement and mapping of land, which was crucial for effective administration.
- It helped in understanding the geographical features, boundaries, and resources of a particular area.
- Surveying was necessary for proper land management, revenue collection, and development planning.

3. Land revenue administration:
- The British introduced the Permanent Settlement system in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa in 1793.
- Under this system, the British fixed the land revenue demand for each area based on the survey and records of land ownership.
- Surveying was essential to accurately measure the land area and determine the revenue payable by the landowners.

4. Land settlement and land records:
- Surveying was conducted to establish land boundaries and create cadastral maps.
- These maps were used to maintain land records, which included details of land ownership, cultivation patterns, and revenue assessments.
- Proper land records helped in preventing land disputes, ensuring fair revenue collection, and facilitating effective administration.

5. Infrastructure development:
- Surveying also played a crucial role in infrastructure development.
- It helped in identifying suitable locations for roads, railways, canals, and other public utilities.
- The accurate measurement of land was necessary for planning and constructing these infrastructure projects.

6. Economic planning and resource management:
- Surveying provided valuable data on natural resources like forests, minerals, water bodies, etc.
- This data was utilized for economic planning, resource management, and revenue generation.
- It helped the British Government in exploiting the resources effectively and making policies for their utilization.

7. Conclusion:
- The adoption of surveying as a practice by the British Government in India was crucial for creating an effective administration system.
- It played a significant role in land revenue administration, land settlement, infrastructure development, and resource management.
- Surveying provided the necessary data and maps for efficient governance and planning in colonial India.