Assessment of Total Water Requirement for a City

Water is an essential resource for human life and development. It is necessary to assess the total water requirement of a city in order to ensure that there is a sufficient supply of water to meet the needs of the population. The following are the different factors that are considered in assessing the total water requirement of a city:

1. Maximum Hourly Demand
The maximum hourly demand is the amount of water that is required by the city during the peak hour of the day. This is usually the time when most people are using water for various activities such as bathing, cooking, and washing. The maximum hourly demand is used to determine the capacity of the water supply system, including the pumps and storage tanks.

2. Maximum Daily Demand
The maximum daily demand is the amount of water that is required by the city during the 24-hour period. This includes the peak hour demand as well as the water that is required for other activities throughout the day. The maximum daily demand is used to determine the size of the water treatment plant and the capacity of the distribution system.

3. Fire Demand
The fire demand is the amount of water that is required to fight fires in the city. This is usually calculated based on the size of the buildings in the city, the type of construction, and the fire protection systems that are in place. The fire demand is used to determine the size of the fire hydrants and the water supply required for the fire protection systems.

4. Average Daily Demand
The average daily demand is the average amount of water that is required by the city over a period of time, usually a year. This includes the peak hour demand, the water that is required for other activities throughout the day, and the fire demand. The average daily demand is used to determine the long-term capacity of the water supply system.

5. Greater of (a) and (b)
In some cases, the total water requirement of a city may be determined by taking the greater of the maximum hourly demand and the maximum daily demand. This is done to ensure that the water supply system has sufficient capacity to meet the needs of the population during peak periods.

Conclusion
Assessing the total water requirement of a city is a complex process that involves considering a number of different factors. By taking into account the maximum hourly demand, maximum daily demand, fire demand, average daily demand, and the greater of (a) and (b), engineers can design water supply systems that are capable of meeting the needs of the population in a sustainable and efficient manner.

Generally the the water requirements of city is assesed by coincidet draft which is maximum of( I) maximum of daily draft+ fire demand( ii) maximum hourly draft