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Human reproduction MCQs for Grade 9 Exam

It covers all Important Questions with answers on Human reproduction for the Grade 9 exam. The questions are based on important topics. Details about the questions:
  • Topic: Human reproduction
  • Type of Questions: MCQs with solutions
  • Number of Questions: 50
  • You can attempt them on EduRev to score high in Grade 9 exam.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

The yellowish coloured milk secreted from the breast shortly after birth of the baby is called?

  • A:

    Lactogen

  • B:

    Primary milk

  • C:

    Colostrum

  • D:

    None of these

The answer is c.

Rohit Shah answered
Colostrum is a thick and sticky, yellow to orange colored milk that is created by your breasts to give your baby the nutrition he needs immediately after birth. It is low in fat, high in carbohydrates and has a laxative effect on the baby which helps him pass the first meconium stools that are sitting in his intestines. This also helps get rid of the bile and helps lessen the chance of jaundice in your newborn.

Ovulation occurs on the ------ day of menstrual cycle.  
  • a)
    08-10
  • b)
    12-14
  • c)
    14-16
  • d)
    16-18
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Maya Sengupta answered
The release of ovum from ovary during menstrual cycle is is called ovulation. Ovulation occurs in the middle of menstrual cycle that is on 14-16th day of start of menstrual cycle.

Shortest phase of the menstrual cycle is______.
  • a)
    Ovulatory phase
  • b)
    Menses
  • c)
    Follicular phase
  • d)
    Luteal phase
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Priya Menon answered
Menstrual cycle is divided into several phase starting from menses during which endometrium breaks and comes out through vagina for 4 to 5 days. Ovulatory phase occurs in the middle of menstrual cycle (14/15th day) during which egg is released.

The cellular layer that disintegrates and regenerates again and again is _______.
  • a)
    Dermis of skin
  • b)
    Endometrium of uterus
  • c)
    Cornea of eye
  • d)
    Endometrium of blood vessels
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rhea Sarkar answered
  • The functional layer of the human endometrium is a highly regenerative tissue undergoing monthly cycles of growth, differentiation, and shedding during a woman's reproductive years.
  • Fluctuating levels of circulating estrogen and progesterone orchestrate this dramatic remodelling of human endometrium.
Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: topic “MENSTRUAL CYCLE” of chapter: Human Reproduction.

Hormone responsible for milk ejection after the birth of baby is:
  • a)
    Progesterone
  • b)
    vasopressin
  • c)
    Estrogens
  • d)
    Oxytocin 
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Hormone responsible for milk ejection after the birth of baby is oxytocin.

Explanation:
After the birth of a baby, the mother's body undergoes various hormonal changes that promote milk production and ejection. The primary hormone responsible for milk ejection is oxytocin, which is produced in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary gland.

When a baby suckles at the breast, nerve endings in the nipple and areola are stimulated, which triggers the release of oxytocin. Oxytocin then causes the smooth muscle cells in the milk ducts to contract, which pushes the milk out of the breast and into the baby's mouth. This process is known as the milk ejection reflex or let-down reflex.

Other hormones that are involved in milk production and ejection include:

- Prolactin: This hormone is produced in the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates milk production in the mammary glands.
- Estrogens: These hormones are produced in the ovaries and play a role in breast development and milk production.
- Progesterone: This hormone is produced in the ovaries and plays a role in preparing the breast for milk production.

However, in terms of milk ejection specifically, oxytocin is the primary hormone involved.

The number of polar bodies formed during oogenesis in human being is:
  • a)
    2
  • b)
    3
  • c)
    1
  • d)
    Both 2 and 3.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Raj Yadav answered
Polar bodies formed during oogenesis in humans
  1. During human oogenesis, three polar bodies are created.
  2. Polar bodies are tiny cytoplasmic exclusion structures that form to contain extra DNA produced during oocyte meiosis, which occurs after sperm fertilization.
  3. The zygote contains roughly 2-3 polar bodies, which are derived from the oocyte.
  4. This figure is determined by whether or not the first polar body (produced during meiosis I) splits during meiosis II.
  5. Excess DNA generated from reductive division makes up such an exclusion body (2nd and 3rd polar bodies are formed from meiosis II at the time of fertilization).
  6. Such polar bodies do not contribute to the zygote's, foetus', or embryo's future genetic complement.

A Human female reaches menopause around the age of_____.
  • a)
    25 years
  • b)
    70 years
  • c)
    50 years
  • d)
    15 years
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aravind Joshi answered
Menopause is a natural biological process that marks the end of a woman's reproductive years. During menopause, the ovaries stop producing eggs and the levels of estrogen and progesterone hormones decline. Menopause is a gradual process that usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, with the average age being 51.

Explanation:
• Menopause is a natural biological process that occurs in women.
• It marks the end of a woman's reproductive years.
• During this process, the ovaries stop producing eggs and the levels of estrogen and progesterone hormones decline.
• Menopause is a gradual process that usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55.
• The average age of menopause is 51 years.
• Menopause can occur earlier or later than the average age depending on various factors, such as genetics, lifestyle, and medical conditions.
• Menopause can occur as early as 40 years or as late as 60 years.
• Menopause is confirmed after a woman has gone 12 consecutive months without a menstrual period.

During which month of pregnancy first movement of fetus is observed?
  • a)
    Sixth month
  • b)
    Fourth month
  • c)
    Fifth month
  • d)
    Third month
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Saranya Joshi answered
The correct answer is option C, i.e., fifth month.

Explanation:

The first movement of the fetus is called quickening. It is the first noticeable movement of the fetus by the mother. Quickening is the first sign that the pregnancy is progressing as expected. It usually occurs between the 16th and 25th weeks of pregnancy. However, it is most commonly felt around the 20th week of pregnancy, which is the fifth month.

During the first trimester, the fetus is too small and underdeveloped to produce movements that can be felt by the mother. The fetal movements at this stage are mostly uncoordinated and involuntary.

During the second trimester, the fetus grows and becomes more active. The movements become more coordinated and frequent. By the end of the fifth month, the fetus is about 10 inches long and weighs around 1 pound. The movements of the fetus become more pronounced and can be felt by the mother.

In summary, the first movement of the fetus can be observed in the fifth month of pregnancy, which is around the 20th week.

Beginning of menstrual cycle is called as ___.
  • a)
    Ovulation
  • b)
    Oogenesis
  • c)
    Menarche
  • d)
    Menopause
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Basu answered
Menarche

Menarche is the beginning of the menstrual cycle, which is the process of shedding the uterine lining that occurs in women of reproductive age. It is a significant event in a girl's life as it indicates the onset of puberty and the ability to conceive a child.

Puberty

Puberty is the stage of development when a child's body becomes capable of reproduction. It is a gradual process that occurs over several years and involves physical changes such as the growth of breasts and pubic hair, as well as psychological changes such as the onset of sexual attraction and the development of a sense of identity.

Age of Menarche

The age of menarche varies widely among girls, but it typically occurs between the ages of 11 and 14. Factors that can influence the age of menarche include genetics, nutrition, and overall health.

Signs of Menarche

The signs of menarche include the onset of vaginal bleeding, which may be light or heavy, and may last for several days. Other signs may include abdominal cramping, mood swings, and breast tenderness.

Importance of Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle is an important process that allows women to conceive and bear children. It also plays a role in maintaining overall health by regulating hormone levels and removing waste products from the body.

Conclusion

In conclusion, menarche is the beginning of the menstrual cycle and marks the onset of puberty in girls. It is a significant event that has both physical and psychological implications and is an important part of a woman's reproductive health.

Which of the following control the function of Sertoli cell?
  • a)
    FSH
  • b)
    Estrogens
  • c)
    Testosterone
  • d)
    ACTH
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) stimulates Sertoli cells to secrete spermatogenic substance. Sertoli cells function as nurse cells for differentiating spermatozoa.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

Each testis has about 250 compartment called as____.

  • A:

    Oogonia

  • B:

    Seminiferous tubules

  • C:

    Lactiferous lobules

  • D:

    Testicular lobules

The answer is d.

Pooja Pillai answered
Each testis contains about 250 compartments called testicular lobules. Each testicular lobule contains one to three highly coiled seminiferous tubules that produce sperms.

Which of the following is formed first out of the following in growing foetus: hairs, limbs and digits, heart, eye lids?
  • a)
    Eye lids
  • b)
    Limbs and digits
  • c)
    Heart
  • d)
    Hairs on head
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

In growing foetus first of all heart is formed. Doctor diagnose the foetus by hearing the heart sound firstly, after that other organs develope. Cardiovascular developments starts at 3rd to 6th week of pregnancy. Heart beat can be heard at starting of 4th week.

How many sperms are formed by 4 primary spermatocytes?   
  • a)
    1
  • b)
    4
  • c)
    32
  • d)
    16
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Juhi Reddy answered
Each primary spermatocyte undergoes first meiotic division to produce 2 secondary spermatocytes, which further proceeds to second meiotic division to form 2 spermatids. So, each primary spermatocyte produces 4 sperms.

Which of the following arise from endoderm?
  • a)
    Eye
  • b)
    Heart
  • c)
    Pigment cells
  • d)
    Lungs
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjali Iyer answered
Ectoderm is the germ layer that develops primarily into skin and neural tissue. Mesoderm primarily develops into muscle tissues and red blood cells. Endoderm develops into many of the internal organs including the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and endocrine system.

Immediately after ovulation, the mammalian egg is covered by a membrane known as
  • a)
    chorion
  • b)
    zona pellucida
  • c)
    corona radiata
  • d)
    vitelline membrane
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Navya Tiwari answered
The mammalian egg is covered by a series of membranes that protect it and aid in fertilization. Immediately after ovulation, the egg is surrounded by a membrane known as the zona pellucida.

Explanation:

Zona Pellucida:

- The zona pellucida is a glycoprotein layer that forms around the mammalian egg immediately after ovulation.
- It is secreted by the egg as it travels through the oviduct towards the uterus.
- The zona pellucida is composed of three layers: an outer layer, a middle layer, and an inner layer.
- The outer layer is the thinnest and is composed of glycoproteins that help to bind sperm to the zona pellucida.
- The middle layer is the thickest and is composed of a matrix of glycoproteins and proteoglycans.
- The inner layer is the thinnest and is composed of glycoproteins that are involved in the sperm-binding process.

Functions of the Zona Pellucida:

- The zona pellucida plays a key role in fertilization, as it is the first barrier that sperm must penetrate in order to reach the egg.
- The glycoproteins on the surface of the zona pellucida bind to specific receptors on the surface of sperm, allowing them to attach and begin the process of fertilization.
- Once sperm have attached to the zona pellucida, they release enzymes that help to dissolve the outer layer, allowing them to penetrate to the egg.

Other Membranes Surrounding the Egg:

- In addition to the zona pellucida, the mammalian egg is also surrounded by a layer of follicle cells called the corona radiata.
- The corona radiata is composed of cells that have surrounded the egg within the follicle and are released along with the egg during ovulation.
- The corona radiata provides additional protection to the egg and helps to guide sperm towards the zona pellucida.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, immediately after ovulation, the mammalian egg is covered by a membrane known as the zona pellucida. This glycoprotein layer plays a key role in fertilization by allowing sperm to bind to its surface and penetrate to the egg. The corona radiata, another layer of follicle cells, also surrounds the egg and provides additional protection during fertilization.

A human female is born with a million of primary oocytes at the time of birth. How many eggs get a chance to mature?
  • a)
    About 1000
  • b)
    More than 500
  • c)
    About 1500
  • d)
    Some 500
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Jithin Unni answered
Answer:
A human female is born with a million of primary oocytes, which are immature eggs. However, only a small fraction of these oocytes will actually mature into eggs that can be fertilized. The process of egg maturation is called oogenesis and it takes place in the ovaries.

Factors Affecting Egg Maturation:
Several factors influence how many eggs get a chance to mature, including:
- Hormonal signals from the pituitary gland
- The age of the female
- Environmental factors such as stress, diet, and exposure to toxins

Process of Egg Maturation:
The process of egg maturation begins at puberty when the pituitary gland starts producing hormones that stimulate the ovaries. Each month, several immature oocytes begin to mature in response to these hormonal signals. However, only one of these oocytes will actually reach full maturity and be released during ovulation.

Number of Eggs Matured:
On average, a human female will release about 400-500 mature eggs during her reproductive lifetime. This means that out of the million primary oocytes that are present at birth, only a small fraction will actually mature into eggs that can be fertilized.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option 'D', which states that about 500 eggs get a chance to mature.

In which part of sperm, mitochondria are present?
  • a)
    Head
  • b)
    Middle piece
  • c)
    Tail
  • d)
    Neck
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Jaya Chavan answered
Mitochondria are present in the middle piece of the sperm.

Explanation:
The sperm is composed of three parts: head, middle piece, and tail.

1. Head:
The head of the sperm contains the nucleus which carries genetic material in the form of DNA.

2. Middle piece:
The middle piece of the sperm contains a large number of mitochondria. Mitochondria are organelles that produce energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the movement of the sperm.

3. Tail:
The tail of the sperm is also known as the flagellum. It provides motility to the sperm and helps in the movement towards the egg.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' that mitochondria are present in the middle piece of the sperm.

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