Class 11 NCERT Economics MCQs for UPPSC (UP) Exam

The correct answer is option 'A' i.e. APS.

APS stands for Annapurna Scheme which was started in the year 2000 for the indigent senior citizens who are not covered under the National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS). It is a centrally sponsored scheme implemented through State Governments and Union Territories.

Under this scheme, eligible beneficiaries are provided with free food grains up to 10 kg per person per month. The beneficiaries are identified by the State Governments and Union Territories and the food grains are distributed through the Fair Price Shops (FPS) of the Public Distribution System (PDS).

Some key features of the Annapurna Scheme are:

1. Eligibility: The scheme is meant for the senior citizens who are not covered under the NOAPS and are 65 years of age or above.

2. Coverage: The scheme covers the entire country.

3. Food grains: The eligible beneficiaries are provided with free food grains up to 10 kg per person per month.

4. Identification of beneficiaries: The State Governments and Union Territories are responsible for identifying the eligible beneficiaries.

5. Distribution: The food grains are distributed through the Fair Price Shops (FPS) of the Public Distribution System (PDS).

6. Funding: The scheme is implemented with 100% central assistance.

The Annapurna Scheme is a welfare measure for the indigent senior citizens who are not covered under the NOAPS. It helps in ensuring food security and improving the quality of life of the senior citizens.

10 years

Explanation:

Low productivity in the agriculture sector can be attributed to various factors. However, the most significant factor is the low level of technology used in farming practices. Here is a detailed explanation of how technology affects productivity in agriculture:

Impact of Low Level of Technology on Agriculture Productivity:

1. Inefficient Use of Resources: The use of outdated tools and equipment in agriculture results in an inefficient use of resources. This includes the inefficient use of water, fertilizers, and labor.

2. Poor Crop Management: Low levels of technology in agriculture result in poor crop management practices. This includes poor soil preparation, inadequate pest and disease management, and inefficient harvesting practices.

3. Low-Quality Seeds: The use of low-quality seeds in agriculture results in low yields, poor crop quality, and increased susceptibility to pests and diseases.

4. Limited Knowledge: Low levels of technology in agriculture result in limited knowledge of modern farming practices. This includes limited knowledge of crop management, soil fertility, and pest and disease management.

5. Limited Access to Information: Limited access to information on modern farming practices, crop varieties, and market information hinders farmers' ability to make informed decisions.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the low level of technology used in agricultural practices is the primary factor that hinders productivity in the agriculture sector. Therefore, there is a need for investment in modern technology, including modern farming practices, equipment, and information systems, to improve productivity in the agriculture sector.

Development of rural marketing relates to:
- Regulated market:
- The establishment of regulated markets in rural areas is crucial for the development of rural marketing.
- These markets provide a platform for farmers and rural sellers to sell their produce and products.
- They ensure fair pricing, quality control, and a transparent system for buying and selling agricultural products.
- Regulated markets also provide market information and facilitate the exchange of goods and services between rural producers and consumers.
- Storage:
- Adequate storage facilities are essential for the development of rural marketing.
- Proper storage facilities help in preventing post-harvest losses and ensuring the availability of agricultural products throughout the year.
- Storage facilities also enable farmers to store their produce and sell it at the most opportune time when prices are favorable.
- Cold storage facilities are particularly important for perishable agricultural products like fruits and vegetables.
- Transportation:
- Efficient transportation infrastructure is vital for the development of rural marketing.
- It enables the smooth movement of agricultural products from rural areas to urban markets.
- Good transportation networks reduce transportation costs, ensure timely delivery, and prevent spoilage of perishable goods.
- Improved connectivity through roads, railways, and other means of transportation enhances accessibility and market reach for rural producers.
- All of these:
- The development of rural marketing requires the integration of regulated markets, storage facilities, and efficient transportation.
- These factors work together to create a favorable environment for rural producers to sell their products and reach a wider consumer base.
- The combination of these elements leads to increased income generation, reduced wastage, and overall economic development in rural areas.
In conclusion, the development of rural marketing relates to regulated markets, storage facilities, and transportation. These factors play a vital role in facilitating the buying and selling of agricultural products, reducing post-harvest losses, and improving market access for rural producers.