NCERT Based Tests MCQs for UPPSC (UP) Exam

The Government of India instituted an ‘Amrita Devi Bishnoi National Award for Wildlife Conservation’ in the memory of Amrita Devi Bishnoi, who in 1731 sacrificed her life along with 363 others for the protection of ‘khejri’ trees in Khejarli village near Jodhpur in Rajasthan.

When 6 gram of carbon is 16 gram oxygen bicycle of carbon dioxide is produced if 6 gram of carbon is burn this gram of oxygen then the carbon dioxide used below answer

Option a

Introduction:
In the given options, we are asked to identify the natural polymers among cotton, PET, and plastic. To determine this, we need to understand what natural polymers are and how they differ from synthetic polymers.

Natural Polymers:
Natural polymers are large molecules composed of repeating subunits found in nature. These polymers are typically derived from living organisms and can be extracted or synthesized from natural sources. Unlike synthetic polymers, natural polymers have a complex molecular structure and are biodegradable.

Analysis of the Options:
Let's analyze each option to determine if it is a natural polymer:

1. Cotton: Cotton is a natural polymer. It is composed of cellulose, a complex carbohydrate, which is a natural polymer found in the cell walls of plants. Cotton fibers are made up of long chains of cellulose molecules, making it a natural polymer.

2. PET (Polyethylene terephthalate): PET is a synthetic polymer and not a natural polymer. It is a thermoplastic polymer that is derived from petroleum. PET is commonly used in the production of bottles, containers, and polyester fibers.

3. Plastic: The term "plastic" is a broad category that includes both natural and synthetic polymers. However, in the context of the given options, it is unclear which specific type of plastic is being referred to. Some plastics, such as polypropylene and polyethylene, are derived from petroleum and are synthetic polymers. On the other hand, there are certain types of natural polymers, such as natural rubber and shellac, that can be considered as plastics. Without further information, we cannot definitively categorize "plastic" as a natural polymer.

Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that cotton (option 1) is the only example of a natural polymer among the given options. PET (option 2) is a synthetic polymer, and the categorization of "plastic" (option 3) as a natural polymer is ambiguous without additional information. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'A' - 1 only.

Rocket Propulsion follow these two principles: 

A physical change involves only change in physical state whereas a chemical change results in the formation of new substances. Boiling of water, melting of ice and dissolution of salt are physical changes as no new products are formed.

The correct answer is option 'D' - 1, 2 and 3. Let's understand why each statement is correct:

1. It enhances the water holding capacity of the soil:
Organic manure, such as compost or animal manure, contains organic matter that improves the water holding capacity of the soil. When organic matter decomposes, it forms humus, which acts as a sponge, holding water in the soil. This helps to prevent water runoff and allows the soil to retain moisture for a longer period. As a result, the soil becomes more capable of sustaining plant growth, especially during dry periods.

2. It makes the soil loose and porous:
Organic manure contains organic matter that enriches the soil and improves its structure. The organic matter helps to break up compacted soil, making it loose and porous. This improves the soil's ability to hold air and water, facilitating better root growth and nutrient uptake by plants. The increased porosity also enhances soil drainage, preventing waterlogging and reducing the risk of root rot.

3. It enhances the number of friendly microbes:
Organic manure provides a food source for beneficial microorganisms in the soil. These microbes break down organic matter and release essential nutrients in a form that plants can absorb. The presence of organic manure in the soil promotes the growth and multiplication of these beneficial microbes, such as bacteria, fungi, and earthworms. These microbes help in nutrient cycling, soil aeration, and the suppression of harmful pathogens, thus creating a healthier soil ecosystem.

In conclusion, organic manure has several positive effects on soil health. It enhances the water holding capacity of the soil, making it more resilient to drought conditions. It also improves soil structure, making it loose and porous, which aids in root growth and nutrient availability. Additionally, organic manure promotes the growth of friendly microbes that contribute to nutrient cycling and soil health. Therefore, all three statements are correct.

Its an exothermic process.

Sahiwal is a breed of 'Zebu cattle' and is considered to be one of the best milch cattle breeds in India. The breed has derived its name from the Sahiwal area in Montgomery district of Punjab in Pakistan.

Refraction of Sound: Explanation

Introduction:
Sound is a form of energy that travels in the form of waves through different mediums. The speed of sound varies depending on various factors such as temperature, humidity, and wind conditions. One of the phenomena that affect the propagation of sound is refraction.

Definition of Refraction:
Refraction is the bending of sound waves as they pass from one medium to another due to a change in their speed. When sound waves enter a medium with a different density or temperature, they change their direction.

Refraction of Sound in the Atmosphere:
During the day, the temperature of the Earth's surface increases, leading to the heating of the air closest to the surface. This causes the air near the surface to be less dense compared to the higher layers of the atmosphere. As a result, the speed of sound in the lower layers of the atmosphere is lower than the speed of sound in the upper layers.

Explanation:
The phenomenon of refraction causes sound waves to bend towards the region of higher speed as they travel from one medium to another. In the case of sound traveling through the atmosphere, the sound waves tend to bend away from the surface of the Earth during the day.

This bending of sound waves away from the surface of the Earth during the day prevents the sound from reaching longer distances. The sound waves get reflected back towards the ground due to the change in medium and the bending effect. Hence, the sound is heard at shorter distances during the day.

However, during the night, the surface of the Earth cools down, causing the air near the surface to become denser. This leads to a reversal in the density gradient of the atmosphere. As a result, the sound waves tend to bend towards the surface of the Earth during the night.

Implication:
This bending effect allows sound waves to travel longer distances during the night. The sound waves refract towards the ground and follow a curved path, allowing them to reach distant locations. This is why sound is heard at longer distances during the night compared to the day.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the phenomenon of refraction plays a significant role in the propagation of sound waves. During the day, the bending of sound waves away from the surface of the Earth limits the distance over which the sound can be heard. However, during the night, the bending of sound waves towards the surface of the Earth allows them to travel longer distances, resulting in sound being heard at greater distances.

Importance of Polio Vaccination:

Prevents the Entry of Polio-causing Organisms:
Vaccination against polio helps prevent the entry of polio-causing organisms into the body. By introducing a weakened or killed form of the virus through the vaccine, the body's immune system can recognize and fight off the virus if exposed in the future.

Creates Immunity Against the Virus:
Vaccination creates immunity against the poliovirus by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies that specifically target the virus. This immune response allows the body to quickly recognize and destroy the virus before it can cause infection or spread to others.

Kills Polio-causing Microbes:
Vaccination does not directly kill polio-causing microbes, but it does help the body develop the necessary defenses to eliminate the virus if encountered. By building immunity through vaccination, individuals are protected from the harmful effects of polio.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, vaccination against polio is essential as it prevents the entry of the virus, creates immunity against the virus, and ultimately helps in eradicating the disease. It is crucial for children to receive the polio vaccine to ensure their health and well-being.

Introduction:
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient required by plants for their growth and development. It is a major component of proteins, nucleic acids, and chlorophyll. Most plants obtain nitrogen from the soil in the form of nitrates or ammonium ions. However, some crops have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen with the help of symbiotic bacteria.

Explanation:
Among the given options, beans (option C) do not require nitrogenous fertilizer. Let's understand why.

Nitrogen Fixation:
Some plants have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which are capable of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants. This process is called nitrogen fixation. These bacteria reside in root nodules of leguminous plants, such as beans, peas, and lentils. The bacteria take atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into ammonia, which is then used by the plants for their growth. Therefore, leguminous crops like beans do not require nitrogenous fertilizers as they can obtain nitrogen through biological fixation.

Other Crops:
1. Wheat (option A): Wheat is not capable of nitrogen fixation and relies on the availability of nitrogen in the soil. Therefore, wheat crops require nitrogenous fertilizers to meet their nitrogen requirements.
2. Millet (option B): Similar to wheat, millet crops do not have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Hence, they need nitrogenous fertilizers to fulfill their nitrogen needs.
3. Paddy (option D): Paddy, also known as rice, does not have the ability to fix nitrogen either. It requires nitrogenous fertilizers to meet its nitrogen demands.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, among the given options, beans do not require nitrogenous fertilizers as they have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen with the help of symbiotic bacteria present in their root nodules. On the other hand, crops like wheat, millet, and paddy rely on nitrogenous fertilizers to meet their nitrogen requirements.

All the Biotic Components in an area together with the abiotic constituents of the environment form an ecosystem. Biotic components comprising living organisms and abiotic components comprising physical factors like temperature, rainfall, wind, soil and minerals

Soil is a major source of nutrients needed by plants for growth. The three main nutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Together they make up the trio known as NPK.

The chemical process of the purification of drinking water is called chlorination. Chlorine pellets or bleaching powder is added to the water. Due to increase in pollution levels, life could not survive in many areas of the Ganges. The pollution level is highest in Kanpur of Uttar Pradesh. In 1985, Ganga Action Plan was started to save the river.

Food Preservatives


Sodium Benzoate and Sodium Metabisulfite are indeed common food preservatives.

- Sodium Benzoate: It is a chemical compound that has antimicrobial properties. It is commonly used in acidic foods such as carbonated drinks, pickles, and sauces to inhibit the growth of bacteria, yeasts, and molds. It works by reducing the pH level of the food, making it acidic and preventing the growth of microorganisms.
- Sodium Metabisulfite: It is a compound that is often used as a preservative in foods and beverages. It acts as an antioxidant and helps to prevent the oxidation of food, which can lead to spoilage. It is commonly used in wine, dried fruits, and processed meats.

Therefore, Statement 1 is correct.


Salt, sugar, edible oil, and vinegar are commonly used as food preservatives.

- Salt: Salt has been used as a preservative for centuries. It works by drawing out moisture from food, creating an environment that is inhospitable to bacteria and other microorganisms. It is commonly used in curing meats, pickling vegetables, and preserving fish.
- Sugar: Sugar acts as a preservative by reducing the water activity in foods, making it difficult for microorganisms to survive and reproduce. It is commonly used in jams, jellies, and syrups to prevent spoilage.
- Edible oil: Certain edible oils, such as olive oil and coconut oil, have antimicrobial properties and can help to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. They are often used in marinades and dressings to preserve the freshness of food.
- Vinegar: Vinegar is acidic in nature and can help to prevent the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms. It is commonly used in pickling vegetables, preserving fruits, and making sauces and condiments.

Therefore, Statement 2 is also correct.


Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct. Sodium Benzoate and Sodium Metabisulfite are common food preservatives, and salt, sugar, edible oil, and vinegar are also widely used as food preservatives. These preservatives help to extend the shelf life of food products by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and preventing spoilage.