Basis of Classification (Easy Explanation) Video Lecture - Class 9

hello friends this video our diversity
in living organisms part 3 is brought to
you by exam feel calm no more fear from
exam so now we are clear with the fact
that why do we need to classify now the
question is what is the basis of
classification because in that
definition I told that classification
means we will classify the living
organisms into different groups based on
certain set of characteristics right so
what is that characteristics what is
what kind of characteristics are we
looking for in order to classify objects
so when I talk about basis what could be
a basis now let me take some examples
the characteristics based on which the
living organisms can be classified are
known as basis of classification so I
don't think you would have understand it
under student completely let us look at
this example let us suppose I take the
example of these four organisms if I say
that I want to classify organisms based
on their science so Argan isms which are
very small they should be in one group
organisms which are relatively large
should bring the other group those who
are even more bigger should be in a
separate room and the large organisms
should be enabling them separate group
so that means I can classify these four
organisms in this way may be the very
small insect like the arm and will fall
the first group the butterflies will
fall in the second group the rabbit will
fall in the third group and huge animals
like elephants will fall in the fourth
load so when I classify organisms like
this then what am i doing
I am actually here classifying the
organisms based on size right not only
size now let us suppose if I say that I
want to classify organisms based on
cellularity what does cellularity
means the number of cells constituting
that organisms we have already spoken a
lot about census right water cells they
are the fundamental building block of
each living organism so organisms which
have based on the number of cells
present in an organisms we can classify
them into two types
you mean cellular organism that is the
organisms which are made up of only one
cell for example these microorganisms we
can classify them as organisms which
have many cells that is multicellular so
based on cellularity we can divide them
into two groups that is unicellular and
multicellular but in this case do you
think this would be a good way of
classifying because in unicellular you
will have only few very few organisms
right but in multicellular you will have
this hell lot of variety plants are also
multicellular humans are also
multicellular the aquatic animals are
also multicellular that with plants are
also multicellular the birds fishes
everything is multicellular so all of
them will fall in the same category so
that means you have like it will be like
some few things will being unicellular
list everything else will be
multicellular right so even that does
not a good way of classifying organisms
because even though you are making all
the objects like human beings fishes
birds into one group but we all do not
share all same characteristics right but
this can be one way of classifying
organisms not only that we can also
think of classifying organisms based on
habitats that means the kind of place
which they prefer to live for example
there are organisms like fishes the
aquatic plants like Lotus or many other
aquatic organisms so they all preference
water as their habitat on the other hand
there are organisms like human beings
dog or the land
they all prefer land as their habitat
some of them flying keep flying in air
so they prefer air as their habitat so
depending on that we can classify them
into different types those which are
even water those believe which live on
land those which live in air so again in
this case also we don't know how good or
bad the classification would be because
again when I talk of land on line you
have a lot of variety of organisms
living but are they all so similar that
they can all fall into the same group it
is similar to your classification of
your example which I took in your school
if I say that when I talk of students of
class five we have all the students of
the same age so their intelligence level
they're grasping power everything will
be almost the same level right but if I
say that I am going to decide or I am
going to classify the classes depending
upon the heights of students then it
might happen that somebody who is just 4
years old is very tall and somebody who
is maybe 10 your soul is very short so
this tall guy will go to a class which
is which is not good for him right so if
I start dividing the classes or if I
start grouping the different classrooms
based on heights of students is that
going to be a good classification no
right because I will end up having
students in us in the same class however
they should do not share the same
characteristics right so similarly but
here what I am trying to see you is
there there can be many different basis
of classifying things you can classify
objects based on size you can classify
organisms based on cellularity you can
classify objects based on their habitats
you can also classify objects based on
their body organization what do I mean
by body organization it means how cells
are organized inside their bodies for
example when I talk of human beings how
are the cells or
inside our bodies the cells together
form tissues that we have spoken about
tissues also the tissues together will
form different organs the organs
together will form the organ system and
the organ system will end up informing
the organism so in human beings what
happened the cells folk together forms
tissue the tissue will form the
different organs like the kidneys the
liver heart the different organs will
form the different organ systems for
example the circulatory system that I
just took system the excretory system
the respiratory system and these all
organ systems together will make this
organism that is the human being right
so this is the body organization this is
how the body is organized inside an
human being but when you look at these
organisms like the small organisms like
bacteria or fungi the body organization
that is different sometimes the body
organization is only at cellular level
that means that there are no tissues at
all the cells do not group together to
form tissues in certain animals the
tissues donot group together to form
organs their tissues exist inside the
body but they do not group together to
form organs so you do not have separate
organs like the liver or kidney or heart
so the body organization is also
different for different living organisms
right so you can boy your organization
could be a characteristic based on which
we can divide leaving organisms so now
you understand what I am trying to see
what what do I mean when I say basis of
classification so we are actually trying
to find out the correct characteristics
that should be used in classifying
organisms so here I have just given
examples of some characteristics based
on which we can classify but the point
is how good the classification would be
if we classify the leading organisms
based on science or based on their
cellularity or based on your habitat or
based on a body organization so we will
see how was it actually classified and
what why the characteristics based on
which it was actually classified so the
first scientist who
attempted to classify living organisms
was Aristotle he tried to classify the
leading organisms and what was his basis
of classification on what basis he tried
to classify organisms he classified
animals based on habitats the first
thing is that he did not classify all
living organisms he just tried to
classify animals and let me tell you
animals are not the only living
organisms right because animal is a very
general word right so when I think of
animals when we generally think of
animals we think of the rag cat dog
monkeys those things right but when I
talk about leaving organisms I am
talking about a much much broader term
so the leading organisms are going to
include everything it is going to
include the microorganisms it is going
to include the plant kingdom it is going
to include the human beings the animals
it is going to include everything at you
right so one in a distorted ooh he
classified animals based on habitats
that means the kind of place which they
prefer to me so based on that he
classified animals into three categories
the terrestrial animals that is the land
animals those who prefer to live on land
for example human beings dog elephants
cat rat so many other that water animals
matters the aquatic animals which would
include fishes wheels charge the
starfish octopus so these are some
animals which live in water and the
aerial animals that is those which
prefer those who were capable of flying
and they spend a lot of their diamond
air like birds bat right so this is how
a distorted tried to classify healing
organisms so this so do you think it
would have been successful it was not
the first reason was he tried to
classify only animals he put hit he
focused on animals so they were a hell
of things even beyond animals so the
plants were not much to August when we
know that the plant population is huge
right so the plants were not much
considered here and even in animals in
the same group also the animals looked
very different for example when we look
at these aquatic animals which you can
see on the screen when you compare an
octopus with a fish we see that there
are so many things which are so very
different so there were a couple except
for the fact that both of them prefer
aquatic habitat
other than that they shared nothing at
all in common so that was the only
common thing that they have so having
just one thing in common they do not
deserve to be in the same group right it
is the same story here that if two boys
have shared the same height but
everything else is different
only there are two baccala - suppose
there are two boys one is x - y x and y
have same height their height is the
same they are of different age they are
of different intellect and everything
else is different in them the only
common thing is height so based on their
height we put them in the same class
now one boy is 3 years old and the other
one is 15 years old and they are both
studying in say plus 10 so do you think
that 3 year kids will be able to
understand things which are taught in
class 10 no right so I does not the
correct criteria here because height is
the only thing that they shared in
common
everything else was different so the
same thing was observed here that even
though the organisms fell in the same
group because they shared the same
habitat but sharing the same habitat was
the only thing that they had in common
similarly with backs and the birds the
birds and the bats they should they do
not share much in common but still they
fell in the same group so because of
such issues what happened was that the
other store
attempt to classify organisms actually
feet so now the question was thank you
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