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What is the Basis of Classification?
- Biodiversity refers to all the diverse plants, animals and micro-organisms present on earth.
- Biological diversity or biodiversity is the occurrence of diverse or varied forms of living beings which differ from one another in external appearance, size, colour pattern, internal structure, nutrition, behaviour, habitat, etc.
- They range in size from microscopic bacteria, hardly a few micrometres in size, to Blue Whale (about 30 m in length) and Redwood trees (Sequoia) of California (about 100 m in height). Similarly some pine trees (e.g. Pinus) live for thousands of years while many insects like mosquitoes have a life span of a few days.
- There are transparent jelly fishes and worms on one hand to brightly coloured birds and flowers on the other hand. It is estimated that there are at least 10 million different species of plants and animals living today, but only 1.7 million have been described so far worldwide.
Biological Classification
Do you know?The term "Biodiversity" was coined by " Walter G. Rosen" in 1986.
Mega Diversity
The warm and humid tropical regions of the earth between the tropic of Capricorn and the tropic of Cancer, are rich in diversity of plant and animal life. This is called the region of "megadiversity".
There are 12 megadiversity centres in the world, which are rich in biodiversity.
Countries are - Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Mexico, Zaire, Madagascar, Australia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia and India.
Question for Basis of ClassificationTry yourself: What is the basis of classification?View Solution
Classification
Classification is the arrangement of organisms into groups and subgroups on the basis of their similarities and dissimilarities.
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Taxonomy: The science dealing with identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms is called taxonomy systematics.
Term "Taxonomy" was given by A.P. de Candolle.Father of Modern Taxonomy: Carolus Linnaeusor.
Importance of Classification
- The bewildering variety of life around us has evolved on earth. In order to make relevant groups to study, variety of life forms, we classify organisms. Classification makes the study of different types of organisms easy and systematic.
- From classification, we can know all life forms together and as a whole.
- The classification reveals the inter-relationship among organisms.
- It helps in understanding the other branches of life sciences.
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FAQs on Basis of Classification - Biology for Class 9
| 1. What is classification and why is it important? |  |
Ans. Classification is the process of organizing things or organisms into categories based on their characteristics. It is important because it helps in understanding the relationships between different organisms or objects, identifying new species, and predicting the behavior of an organism based on its classification.
| 2. What are the bases of classification? | |
Ans. There are several bases of classification, including morphological, anatomical, physiological, genetic, and ecological. Morphological classification is based on the physical characteristics of an organism, while anatomical classification is based on its internal structure. Physiological classification is based on the functions and processes of an organism, genetic classification is based on its genetic makeup, and ecological classification is based on its habitat and interactions with other organisms.
| 3. How does classification help in the study of biology? | |
Ans. Classification is an important tool in the study of biology as it helps in understanding the relationships between different organisms and predicting their behavior. By classifying organisms based on their characteristics, biologists can identify new species, study their evolution, and develop conservation strategies to protect them.
| 4. What is the Linnaean classification system? | |
Ans. The Linnaean classification system, also known as the binomial nomenclature, is a system of naming and classifying organisms developed by Carl Linnaeus. It is based on a hierarchical structure, with organisms classified into kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species. The system uses Latin names, with the first name representing the genus and the second name representing the species.
| 5. How do scientists classify organisms that do not fit into traditional categories? | |
Ans. Scientists use a variety of methods to classify organisms that do not fit into traditional categories, such as molecular and genetic techniques. These methods help in identifying the unique characteristics of an organism and grouping them with other organisms that share those traits. Additionally, new categories and subcategories can be created as needed to accommodate new discoveries in the field of biology.
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