Biomolecules -Biology, Class 11 Video Lecture

via molecules bio molecules present in
living tissues the compounds present in
the living organisms are called
biomolecules the biomolecules are
involved in different types of functions
performed by living organisms a few
important biomolecules present in the
living tissues are mentioned here
proteins as macromolecules proteins are
macromolecules they are made up of
linear chains of amino acids linked by
peptide bonds proteins should form an
essential part of your diet as it
performs a number of vital functions of
the body proteins are for structural
levels primary secondary tertiary and
quarternary the representation of these
structural levels is shown here
nucleic acids nucleic acids are
macromolecules present in all living
cells there are two types of nucleic
acids namely deoxyribonucleic acid DNA
and ribonucleic acid RNA DNA forms the
genetic material of almost all the
organisms to explain the structure of
DNA James D Watson and Francis H Crick
in the year 1953 proposed the double
helix model of DNA according to this
model DNA molecule is composed of two
polynomial type strands running anti
parallel to each other like a twisted
ladder the backbone of the HELOCs is
made up of deoxyribose and phosphate
while nitrogen bases are arranged at
right angles to the backbone as shown in
the diagram here
enzymes the bio catalysts enzymes are
protein aja substances which are capable
of catalyzing biochemical reactions
without itself undergoing any change the
activity of the enzyme occurs at a
region called the active site the
sequence of enzyme activity is shown
here the substrate binds to the active
site of the enzyme to form an enzyme
substrate complex this is a transition
state during which bond breaking or
making is completed quickly and the
product is released from the active site
activation energy activation energy is
the energy required to get the reaction
started in science by functioning as
catalysts serve to reduce the activation
energy required for a chemical reaction
to take place the graphical
representation clearly shows that the
activation energy required for a
reaction without enzymes is much higher
than the activation energy required for
an enzyme catalyzed reaction