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GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “When she fell down the _______, she received many _______ but little help. ” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) stairs, stares (B) stairs, stairs 
(C) stares, stairs (D) stares, stares 
 
 
Q.2  “In spite of being warned repeatedly, he failed to correct his _________ behaviour. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) rational (B) reasonable (C) errant (D) good 
 
 
Q.3  For 0 = ?? = 2 ?? , sin ?? and cos ?? are both decreasing functions in the interval ________. 
 
(A) ( 0 ,
?? 2
) (B) (
?? 2
, ?? ) (C) (?? ,
3 ?? 2
) (D) (
3 ?? 2
, 2 ?? ) 
 
 
Q.4  
The area of an equilateral triangle is v 3. What is the perimeter of the triangle? 
 
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 
 
 
Q.5  Arrange the following three-dimensional objects in the descending order of their volumes: 
(i)  A cuboid with dimensions 10 cm, 8 cm and 6 cm
 
 
(ii)  A cube of side 8 cm 
(iii)  A cylinder with base radius 7 cm and height 7 cm 
(iv)  A sphere of radius 7 cm 
 
(A) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) 
(B) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii) 
(C) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv) 
(D) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i) 
 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  An automobile travels from city A to city B and returns to city A by the same route. The 
speed of the vehicle during the onward and return journeys were constant at 60 km/h and 
90 km/h, respectively. What is the average speed in km/h for the entire journey? 
 
(A) 72 (B) 73 (C) 74 (D) 75 
 
Page 2


GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “When she fell down the _______, she received many _______ but little help. ” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) stairs, stares (B) stairs, stairs 
(C) stares, stairs (D) stares, stares 
 
 
Q.2  “In spite of being warned repeatedly, he failed to correct his _________ behaviour. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) rational (B) reasonable (C) errant (D) good 
 
 
Q.3  For 0 = ?? = 2 ?? , sin ?? and cos ?? are both decreasing functions in the interval ________. 
 
(A) ( 0 ,
?? 2
) (B) (
?? 2
, ?? ) (C) (?? ,
3 ?? 2
) (D) (
3 ?? 2
, 2 ?? ) 
 
 
Q.4  
The area of an equilateral triangle is v 3. What is the perimeter of the triangle? 
 
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 
 
 
Q.5  Arrange the following three-dimensional objects in the descending order of their volumes: 
(i)  A cuboid with dimensions 10 cm, 8 cm and 6 cm
 
 
(ii)  A cube of side 8 cm 
(iii)  A cylinder with base radius 7 cm and height 7 cm 
(iv)  A sphere of radius 7 cm 
 
(A) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) 
(B) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii) 
(C) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv) 
(D) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i) 
 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  An automobile travels from city A to city B and returns to city A by the same route. The 
speed of the vehicle during the onward and return journeys were constant at 60 km/h and 
90 km/h, respectively. What is the average speed in km/h for the entire journey? 
 
(A) 72 (B) 73 (C) 74 (D) 75 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 2/2 
Q.7  A set of 4 parallel lines intersect with another set of 5 parallel lines. How many 
parallelograms are formed? 
 
(A) 20 (B) 48 (C) 60 (D) 72 
 
 
Q.8  To pass a test, a candidate needs to answer at least 2 out of 3 questions correctly. A total of 
6,30,000 candidates appeared for the test. Question A was correctly answered by 3,30,000 
candidates. Question B was answered correctly by 2,50,000 candidates. Question C was 
answered correctly by 2,60,000 candidates. Both questions A and B were answered 
correctly by 1,00,000 candidates. Both questions B and C were answered correctly by 
90,000 candidates. Both questions A and C were answered correctly by 80,000 candidates. 
If the number of students answering all questions correctly is the same as the number 
answering none, how many candidates failed to clear the test? 
 
(A) 30,000 (B) 2,70,000 (C) 3,90,000 (D) 4,20,000 
 
 
Q.9  
If ?? 2
+ ?? - 1 = 0 what is the value of ?? 4
+
1
?? 4
? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9 
 
 
Q.10  In a detailed study of annual crow births in India, it was found that there was relatively no 
growth during the period 2002 to 2004 and a sudden spike from 2004 to 2005. In another 
unrelated study, it was found that the revenue from cracker sales in India which remained 
fairly flat from 2002 to 2004, saw a sudden spike in 2005 before declining again in 2006. 
The solid line in the graph below refers to annual sale of crackers and the dashed line refers 
to the annual crow births in India. Choose the most appropriate inference from the above 
data. 
 
 
(A) There is a strong correlation between crow birth and cracker sales. 
(B) Cracker usage increases crow birth rate. 
(C) If cracker sale declines, crow birth will decline. 
(D) Increased birth rate of crows will cause an increase in the sale of crackers. 
 
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 
 
Page 3


GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “When she fell down the _______, she received many _______ but little help. ” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) stairs, stares (B) stairs, stairs 
(C) stares, stairs (D) stares, stares 
 
 
Q.2  “In spite of being warned repeatedly, he failed to correct his _________ behaviour. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) rational (B) reasonable (C) errant (D) good 
 
 
Q.3  For 0 = ?? = 2 ?? , sin ?? and cos ?? are both decreasing functions in the interval ________. 
 
(A) ( 0 ,
?? 2
) (B) (
?? 2
, ?? ) (C) (?? ,
3 ?? 2
) (D) (
3 ?? 2
, 2 ?? ) 
 
 
Q.4  
The area of an equilateral triangle is v 3. What is the perimeter of the triangle? 
 
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 
 
 
Q.5  Arrange the following three-dimensional objects in the descending order of their volumes: 
(i)  A cuboid with dimensions 10 cm, 8 cm and 6 cm
 
 
(ii)  A cube of side 8 cm 
(iii)  A cylinder with base radius 7 cm and height 7 cm 
(iv)  A sphere of radius 7 cm 
 
(A) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) 
(B) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii) 
(C) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv) 
(D) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i) 
 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  An automobile travels from city A to city B and returns to city A by the same route. The 
speed of the vehicle during the onward and return journeys were constant at 60 km/h and 
90 km/h, respectively. What is the average speed in km/h for the entire journey? 
 
(A) 72 (B) 73 (C) 74 (D) 75 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 2/2 
Q.7  A set of 4 parallel lines intersect with another set of 5 parallel lines. How many 
parallelograms are formed? 
 
(A) 20 (B) 48 (C) 60 (D) 72 
 
 
Q.8  To pass a test, a candidate needs to answer at least 2 out of 3 questions correctly. A total of 
6,30,000 candidates appeared for the test. Question A was correctly answered by 3,30,000 
candidates. Question B was answered correctly by 2,50,000 candidates. Question C was 
answered correctly by 2,60,000 candidates. Both questions A and B were answered 
correctly by 1,00,000 candidates. Both questions B and C were answered correctly by 
90,000 candidates. Both questions A and C were answered correctly by 80,000 candidates. 
If the number of students answering all questions correctly is the same as the number 
answering none, how many candidates failed to clear the test? 
 
(A) 30,000 (B) 2,70,000 (C) 3,90,000 (D) 4,20,000 
 
 
Q.9  
If ?? 2
+ ?? - 1 = 0 what is the value of ?? 4
+
1
?? 4
? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9 
 
 
Q.10  In a detailed study of annual crow births in India, it was found that there was relatively no 
growth during the period 2002 to 2004 and a sudden spike from 2004 to 2005. In another 
unrelated study, it was found that the revenue from cracker sales in India which remained 
fairly flat from 2002 to 2004, saw a sudden spike in 2005 before declining again in 2006. 
The solid line in the graph below refers to annual sale of crackers and the dashed line refers 
to the annual crow births in India. Choose the most appropriate inference from the above 
data. 
 
 
(A) There is a strong correlation between crow birth and cracker sales. 
(B) Cracker usage increases crow birth rate. 
(C) If cracker sale declines, crow birth will decline. 
(D) Increased birth rate of crows will cause an increase in the sale of crackers. 
 
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Biotechnology 
BT 1/12 
Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  Consider an unfair coin. The probability of getting heads is 0.6. If you toss this coin twice, 
what is the probability that the first or the second toss is heads? 
(A)  0.56 (B)  0.64 (C)  0.84 (D)  0.96 
 
 
Q.2  If serum is removed from the growth medium of human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK), 
then the cells will 
(A) proliferate faster  
(B) proliferate normally  
(C) undergo cell cycle arrest 
(D) undergo immediate apoptosis 
 
 
Q.3  The repeat sequence of telomere in humans is  
(A) 5?-TATAAT-3? (B) 5 ?-TTAGGG-3? (C) 5 ?-GGGCCC-3?  (D) 5 ?-AAAAAA-3 ? 
 
 
Q.4  If a segment of a sense strand of DNA is 5 ?-ATGGACCAGA-3?, then the resulting RNA 
sequence after transcription is  
(A) 5?-AGACCAGGTA-3? (B) 5?-UCUGGUCCAU-3? 
(C) 5?-UACCUGGUCU-3? (D) 5?-AUGGACCAGA-3? 
 
 
Q.5  Which one of the following is an example of a neurotoxin? 
(A)  Cholera toxin 
(B)  Streptolysin-O 
(C)  Botulinum toxin 
(D)  Diphtheria toxin 
 
 
Q.6  Which of the following components constitute a molecular mechanics force field? 
 
P. Bond stretching 
Q. Bond angle bending 
R. Torsional bond rotation 
S. Non-bonded interactions 
(A) P and Q only 
(B) P, Q and R only 
(C) P, Q and S only 
(D) P, Q, R and S 
 
 
Q.7  Which one of the following BLAST search programs is used to identify homologs of a 
genomic DNA query in a protein sequence database? 
(A) blastp (B) blastn (C) blastx (D) tblastn 
 
Page 4


GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “When she fell down the _______, she received many _______ but little help. ” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) stairs, stares (B) stairs, stairs 
(C) stares, stairs (D) stares, stares 
 
 
Q.2  “In spite of being warned repeatedly, he failed to correct his _________ behaviour. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) rational (B) reasonable (C) errant (D) good 
 
 
Q.3  For 0 = ?? = 2 ?? , sin ?? and cos ?? are both decreasing functions in the interval ________. 
 
(A) ( 0 ,
?? 2
) (B) (
?? 2
, ?? ) (C) (?? ,
3 ?? 2
) (D) (
3 ?? 2
, 2 ?? ) 
 
 
Q.4  
The area of an equilateral triangle is v 3. What is the perimeter of the triangle? 
 
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 
 
 
Q.5  Arrange the following three-dimensional objects in the descending order of their volumes: 
(i)  A cuboid with dimensions 10 cm, 8 cm and 6 cm
 
 
(ii)  A cube of side 8 cm 
(iii)  A cylinder with base radius 7 cm and height 7 cm 
(iv)  A sphere of radius 7 cm 
 
(A) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) 
(B) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii) 
(C) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv) 
(D) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i) 
 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  An automobile travels from city A to city B and returns to city A by the same route. The 
speed of the vehicle during the onward and return journeys were constant at 60 km/h and 
90 km/h, respectively. What is the average speed in km/h for the entire journey? 
 
(A) 72 (B) 73 (C) 74 (D) 75 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 2/2 
Q.7  A set of 4 parallel lines intersect with another set of 5 parallel lines. How many 
parallelograms are formed? 
 
(A) 20 (B) 48 (C) 60 (D) 72 
 
 
Q.8  To pass a test, a candidate needs to answer at least 2 out of 3 questions correctly. A total of 
6,30,000 candidates appeared for the test. Question A was correctly answered by 3,30,000 
candidates. Question B was answered correctly by 2,50,000 candidates. Question C was 
answered correctly by 2,60,000 candidates. Both questions A and B were answered 
correctly by 1,00,000 candidates. Both questions B and C were answered correctly by 
90,000 candidates. Both questions A and C were answered correctly by 80,000 candidates. 
If the number of students answering all questions correctly is the same as the number 
answering none, how many candidates failed to clear the test? 
 
(A) 30,000 (B) 2,70,000 (C) 3,90,000 (D) 4,20,000 
 
 
Q.9  
If ?? 2
+ ?? - 1 = 0 what is the value of ?? 4
+
1
?? 4
? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9 
 
 
Q.10  In a detailed study of annual crow births in India, it was found that there was relatively no 
growth during the period 2002 to 2004 and a sudden spike from 2004 to 2005. In another 
unrelated study, it was found that the revenue from cracker sales in India which remained 
fairly flat from 2002 to 2004, saw a sudden spike in 2005 before declining again in 2006. 
The solid line in the graph below refers to annual sale of crackers and the dashed line refers 
to the annual crow births in India. Choose the most appropriate inference from the above 
data. 
 
 
(A) There is a strong correlation between crow birth and cracker sales. 
(B) Cracker usage increases crow birth rate. 
(C) If cracker sale declines, crow birth will decline. 
(D) Increased birth rate of crows will cause an increase in the sale of crackers. 
 
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Biotechnology 
BT 1/12 
Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  Consider an unfair coin. The probability of getting heads is 0.6. If you toss this coin twice, 
what is the probability that the first or the second toss is heads? 
(A)  0.56 (B)  0.64 (C)  0.84 (D)  0.96 
 
 
Q.2  If serum is removed from the growth medium of human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK), 
then the cells will 
(A) proliferate faster  
(B) proliferate normally  
(C) undergo cell cycle arrest 
(D) undergo immediate apoptosis 
 
 
Q.3  The repeat sequence of telomere in humans is  
(A) 5?-TATAAT-3? (B) 5 ?-TTAGGG-3? (C) 5 ?-GGGCCC-3?  (D) 5 ?-AAAAAA-3 ? 
 
 
Q.4  If a segment of a sense strand of DNA is 5 ?-ATGGACCAGA-3?, then the resulting RNA 
sequence after transcription is  
(A) 5?-AGACCAGGTA-3? (B) 5?-UCUGGUCCAU-3? 
(C) 5?-UACCUGGUCU-3? (D) 5?-AUGGACCAGA-3? 
 
 
Q.5  Which one of the following is an example of a neurotoxin? 
(A)  Cholera toxin 
(B)  Streptolysin-O 
(C)  Botulinum toxin 
(D)  Diphtheria toxin 
 
 
Q.6  Which of the following components constitute a molecular mechanics force field? 
 
P. Bond stretching 
Q. Bond angle bending 
R. Torsional bond rotation 
S. Non-bonded interactions 
(A) P and Q only 
(B) P, Q and R only 
(C) P, Q and S only 
(D) P, Q, R and S 
 
 
Q.7  Which one of the following BLAST search programs is used to identify homologs of a 
genomic DNA query in a protein sequence database? 
(A) blastp (B) blastn (C) blastx (D) tblastn 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Biotechnology 
BT 2/12 
 
Q.8  A mixture contains three similarly sized peptides P, Q and R. The peptide P is positively 
charged, Q is weakly negative and R is strongly negative. If this mixture is passed through 
an ion-exchange chromatography column containing an anionic resin, their order of elution 
will be 
(A) P, Q, R (B) R, Q, P 
(C) Q, R, P (D) P, Q and R elute together 
 
 
Q.9  Which one of the following is INCORRECT about protein structures? 
(A)  A protein fold is stabilized by favorable non-covalent interactions  
(B)  All parts of a fold can be classified as helices, strands or turns 
(C)  Two non-covalent atoms cannot be closer than the sum of their van der Waals radii 
(D)  The peptide bond is nearly planar 
 
 
Q.10  Which one of the following metabolic processes in mammalian cells does NOT occur in the 
mitochondria? 
(A) Citric acid cycle (B) Oxidative phosphorylation 
(C) Fatty acid ß-oxidation (D) Glycolysis 
 
 
Q.11  Which one of the following is NOT a principal component of innate immunity? 
(A)  Mucosal epithelia 
(B)  Dendritic cells  
(C)  Complement system 
(D)  Memory B-cells 
 
 
Q.12  Which of the following technique(s) can be used to study conformational changes in 
myoglobin?  
 
P. Mass spectrometry 
Q. Fluorescence spectroscopy 
R. Circular dichroism spectroscopy 
S. Light microscopy 
 
(A) P only (B) P and S only (C)  Q and R only (D) S only   
 
 
Q.13  Which one of the following bioreactor configurations is the basis for a trickling biological 
filter? 
(A) Stirred tank  (B) Packed bed  
(C) Air lift  (D) Fluidized bed 
 
 
 
Page 5


GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “When she fell down the _______, she received many _______ but little help. ” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) stairs, stares (B) stairs, stairs 
(C) stares, stairs (D) stares, stares 
 
 
Q.2  “In spite of being warned repeatedly, he failed to correct his _________ behaviour. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) rational (B) reasonable (C) errant (D) good 
 
 
Q.3  For 0 = ?? = 2 ?? , sin ?? and cos ?? are both decreasing functions in the interval ________. 
 
(A) ( 0 ,
?? 2
) (B) (
?? 2
, ?? ) (C) (?? ,
3 ?? 2
) (D) (
3 ?? 2
, 2 ?? ) 
 
 
Q.4  
The area of an equilateral triangle is v 3. What is the perimeter of the triangle? 
 
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 
 
 
Q.5  Arrange the following three-dimensional objects in the descending order of their volumes: 
(i)  A cuboid with dimensions 10 cm, 8 cm and 6 cm
 
 
(ii)  A cube of side 8 cm 
(iii)  A cylinder with base radius 7 cm and height 7 cm 
(iv)  A sphere of radius 7 cm 
 
(A) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) 
(B) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii) 
(C) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv) 
(D) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i) 
 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  An automobile travels from city A to city B and returns to city A by the same route. The 
speed of the vehicle during the onward and return journeys were constant at 60 km/h and 
90 km/h, respectively. What is the average speed in km/h for the entire journey? 
 
(A) 72 (B) 73 (C) 74 (D) 75 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-4  
GA 2/2 
Q.7  A set of 4 parallel lines intersect with another set of 5 parallel lines. How many 
parallelograms are formed? 
 
(A) 20 (B) 48 (C) 60 (D) 72 
 
 
Q.8  To pass a test, a candidate needs to answer at least 2 out of 3 questions correctly. A total of 
6,30,000 candidates appeared for the test. Question A was correctly answered by 3,30,000 
candidates. Question B was answered correctly by 2,50,000 candidates. Question C was 
answered correctly by 2,60,000 candidates. Both questions A and B were answered 
correctly by 1,00,000 candidates. Both questions B and C were answered correctly by 
90,000 candidates. Both questions A and C were answered correctly by 80,000 candidates. 
If the number of students answering all questions correctly is the same as the number 
answering none, how many candidates failed to clear the test? 
 
(A) 30,000 (B) 2,70,000 (C) 3,90,000 (D) 4,20,000 
 
 
Q.9  
If ?? 2
+ ?? - 1 = 0 what is the value of ?? 4
+
1
?? 4
? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9 
 
 
Q.10  In a detailed study of annual crow births in India, it was found that there was relatively no 
growth during the period 2002 to 2004 and a sudden spike from 2004 to 2005. In another 
unrelated study, it was found that the revenue from cracker sales in India which remained 
fairly flat from 2002 to 2004, saw a sudden spike in 2005 before declining again in 2006. 
The solid line in the graph below refers to annual sale of crackers and the dashed line refers 
to the annual crow births in India. Choose the most appropriate inference from the above 
data. 
 
 
(A) There is a strong correlation between crow birth and cracker sales. 
(B) Cracker usage increases crow birth rate. 
(C) If cracker sale declines, crow birth will decline. 
(D) Increased birth rate of crows will cause an increase in the sale of crackers. 
 
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Biotechnology 
BT 1/12 
Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  Consider an unfair coin. The probability of getting heads is 0.6. If you toss this coin twice, 
what is the probability that the first or the second toss is heads? 
(A)  0.56 (B)  0.64 (C)  0.84 (D)  0.96 
 
 
Q.2  If serum is removed from the growth medium of human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK), 
then the cells will 
(A) proliferate faster  
(B) proliferate normally  
(C) undergo cell cycle arrest 
(D) undergo immediate apoptosis 
 
 
Q.3  The repeat sequence of telomere in humans is  
(A) 5?-TATAAT-3? (B) 5 ?-TTAGGG-3? (C) 5 ?-GGGCCC-3?  (D) 5 ?-AAAAAA-3 ? 
 
 
Q.4  If a segment of a sense strand of DNA is 5 ?-ATGGACCAGA-3?, then the resulting RNA 
sequence after transcription is  
(A) 5?-AGACCAGGTA-3? (B) 5?-UCUGGUCCAU-3? 
(C) 5?-UACCUGGUCU-3? (D) 5?-AUGGACCAGA-3? 
 
 
Q.5  Which one of the following is an example of a neurotoxin? 
(A)  Cholera toxin 
(B)  Streptolysin-O 
(C)  Botulinum toxin 
(D)  Diphtheria toxin 
 
 
Q.6  Which of the following components constitute a molecular mechanics force field? 
 
P. Bond stretching 
Q. Bond angle bending 
R. Torsional bond rotation 
S. Non-bonded interactions 
(A) P and Q only 
(B) P, Q and R only 
(C) P, Q and S only 
(D) P, Q, R and S 
 
 
Q.7  Which one of the following BLAST search programs is used to identify homologs of a 
genomic DNA query in a protein sequence database? 
(A) blastp (B) blastn (C) blastx (D) tblastn 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Biotechnology 
BT 2/12 
 
Q.8  A mixture contains three similarly sized peptides P, Q and R. The peptide P is positively 
charged, Q is weakly negative and R is strongly negative. If this mixture is passed through 
an ion-exchange chromatography column containing an anionic resin, their order of elution 
will be 
(A) P, Q, R (B) R, Q, P 
(C) Q, R, P (D) P, Q and R elute together 
 
 
Q.9  Which one of the following is INCORRECT about protein structures? 
(A)  A protein fold is stabilized by favorable non-covalent interactions  
(B)  All parts of a fold can be classified as helices, strands or turns 
(C)  Two non-covalent atoms cannot be closer than the sum of their van der Waals radii 
(D)  The peptide bond is nearly planar 
 
 
Q.10  Which one of the following metabolic processes in mammalian cells does NOT occur in the 
mitochondria? 
(A) Citric acid cycle (B) Oxidative phosphorylation 
(C) Fatty acid ß-oxidation (D) Glycolysis 
 
 
Q.11  Which one of the following is NOT a principal component of innate immunity? 
(A)  Mucosal epithelia 
(B)  Dendritic cells  
(C)  Complement system 
(D)  Memory B-cells 
 
 
Q.12  Which of the following technique(s) can be used to study conformational changes in 
myoglobin?  
 
P. Mass spectrometry 
Q. Fluorescence spectroscopy 
R. Circular dichroism spectroscopy 
S. Light microscopy 
 
(A) P only (B) P and S only (C)  Q and R only (D) S only   
 
 
Q.13  Which one of the following bioreactor configurations is the basis for a trickling biological 
filter? 
(A) Stirred tank  (B) Packed bed  
(C) Air lift  (D) Fluidized bed 
 
 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Biotechnology 
BT 3/12 
Q.14  Cell type A secretes molecule X into the culture medium. Cell type B in the same culture 
responds to the molecule X by expressing protein Y. Which one of the following modes of 
signaling represents the interaction between A and B? 
(A) Autocrine  (B) Juxtacrine  
(C) Paracrine  (D) Intracrine  
 
 
Q.15  Which one of the following statements is true for actin? 
(A) Actin filament is structurally polarized and the two ends are not identical 
(B) De novo actin polymerization is a single-step process 
(C) The pointed end of the actin filaments is the fast growing end 
(D) Actin forms spindle fibers during mitosis 
 
 
Q.16  Standard error is 
(A) the probability of a type I error in a statistical test 
(B) the error in estimating a sample standard deviation 
(C) the standard deviation of a variable that follows standard normal distribution 
(D) the standard deviation of distribution of sample means 
 
 
Q.17  Which one of the following techniques is used to monitor RNA transcripts, both temporally 
and spatially?  
(A)  Northern blotting 
(B) In situ hybridization 
(C) Southern blotting 
(D) Western blotting 
 
 
Q.18  Identify the character based method(s) used for the construction of a phylogenetic tree. 
 
P. Maximum parsimony 
Q. Neighbor joining 
R. Maximum likelihood 
S. Bootstrapping 
(A) Q only (B) P and R only 
(C) Q and S only (D) S only 
 
 
Q.19  Which one of the following is the solution for ?????? 2
?? + 2???????? + 1 = 0, for values of ?? 
in the range of  0
°
< ?? < 360
°
? 
(A) 45 ? (B) 90 ? (C)  180? (D)  270 ? 
 
 
Q.20  Which one of the following plant secondary metabolites is a natural insecticide? 
(A) Digitoxin (B) Pyrethrin (C) Salicylic acid (D) Avenacin A-1   
 
 
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FAQs on Biotechnology - BT 2018 GATE Paper with solution

1. What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology is a field of science that combines biology with technology to develop new products and processes for various sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, and industry. It involves the use of living organisms or their parts to create or modify products, improve crops, and develop new therapies.
2. How is biotechnology used in healthcare?
Biotechnology has revolutionized healthcare by enabling the development of new drugs, diagnostics, and therapies. It has paved the way for the production of recombinant proteins, such as insulin and growth factors, which are used in the treatment of various diseases. Biotechnology also plays a crucial role in genetic testing, gene therapy, and vaccine development.
3. What are the applications of biotechnology in agriculture?
Biotechnology has numerous applications in agriculture, including genetically modified crops (GMOs), which are engineered to possess desirable traits such as resistance to pests, diseases, and herbicides. It also allows for the development of drought-tolerant and nutrient-enriched crops. Biotechnology is also used in livestock breeding to enhance productivity and disease resistance.
4. What are the ethical considerations in biotechnology?
Biotechnology raises ethical concerns regarding the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food production and potential risks to the environment and human health. There are debates surrounding the patenting of genetically modified organisms and the ownership of genetic information. Ethical considerations also arise in human cloning, stem cell research, and the use of animals in biotechnological experiments.
5. How is biotechnology used in environmental conservation?
Biotechnology plays a significant role in environmental conservation by offering sustainable solutions. It is used in the development of bioremediation techniques, where microorganisms are engineered to degrade pollutants and clean up contaminated environments. Biotechnology is also utilized in waste management, biofuels production, and the preservation of endangered species through techniques like cryopreservation.
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