Branches of Science, Elements and Compounds Notes | Study Current Affairs & General Knowledge - CLAT

Different Branches of Science

Branch ➜ Concerning Field

• Aeronautics ➜ Science of flight of aeroplanes.
• Astronomy ➜ Study of heavenly bodies.
• Agronomy ➜ Science dealing with crop plants.
• Angiology ➜ Deals with the study of the blood vascular system.
• Anthology ➜ Study of flowers.
• Anthropology ➜ Study of apse and man.
• Apiculture ➜ Honey industry (Bee Keeping)
• Araneology ➜ Study of spiders.
• Batracology ➜ Study of frogs.
• Biochemistry ➜ deals with the study of chemical reactions in relation to life activities.
• Biotechnology ➜ Deals with the use of micro-organisms in commercial processes for producing fine chemicals such as drugs, vaccines, hormones, etc. on a large scale. 
• Cardiology ➜ Study of heart.
• Craniology ➜ Study of skulls.
• Cryptography ➜ Study of secret writing.
• Cryogenics ➜ Study concerning the application and uses of very low temperature.
• Cytology ➜ Study of cells.
• Dermatology ➜ Study of skin.
• Ecology ➜ The study of the relationship between organisms and the environment.
• Entomology ➜ Study of insects.
• Etiology ➜ Study of the cause of disease.
• Eugenics ➜ Study of improvement of the human race by applying laws of heredity. It is related to future generations.
• Evolution ➜ Deals with the study of the origin of new from old.
• Exobiology ➜ Deals with life or possibilities of life beyond the earth.
• Floriculture ➜ Study of flower yielding plants.
• Geology ➜ Study of condition and structure of the earth.
• Genetics ➜ Study of heredity and variations.
• Gerontology ➜ Study of female reproductive organs.
• Horticulture ➜  Study of garden cultivation.
• Haematology ➜ Study of blood.
• Herpetology ➜ Study of the liver.
• Iconography ➜ Teaching by pictures and models.
• Immunology ➜ science which deals with the study of resistance of organisms against infection.
• Jurisprudence ➜ Science of law.
• Kalology ➜ Study of human beauty.
• Lexicography ➜ Compiling of a dictionary.
• Mycology ➜ Study of fungi.
• Myology ➜ Study of muscles.
• Nephrology ➜ Study of kidneys.
• Neurology ➜ Study of the nervous system.
• Numismatics ➜ Study of coins and medals.
• Obstetrics ➜ Branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy.
• Oneirology ➜ Study of dreams.
• Ophthalmology ➜ Study of eyes.
• Ornithology ➜ Study of birds.
• Osteology ➜ Study of bones.
• Palaeontology ➜ Study of fossils.
• Philately ➜ Stamp collecting.
• Philology ➜ Study of languages.
• Phonetics ➜ Concerning the sounds of a spoken language.
• Physiography ➜ Nature phenomenon.
• Pedology ➜ Study of soils.
• Pathology ➜ Study of disease-causing organisms.
• Phycology ➜  Study of algae.
• Physiology ➜ Science deals with the study of functions of various parts of organisms.
• Pisciculture ➜ Study of fish.
• Pomology ➜ Study of fruits.
• Seismology ➜ Study of earthquakes.
• Sericulture ➜ Silk industry (culture of silk moth and pupa).
• Serpentology ➜ Study of snakes.
• Telepathy ➜ communication between two minds at a distance with the help of emotions.
• Taxonomy ➜ Study of classification of organisms.
• Virology ➜ Study of the virus.

Elements, Symbols And Atomic Numbers

Element(Symbol) ➜ Atomic Number

• Hydrogen (H) ➜ 1
• Helium (He) ➜ 2
• Lithium (Li) ➜ 3
• Beryllium (Be) ➜ 4    
• Boron (B) ➜ 5    
• Carbon (C) ➜ 6    
• Nitrogen (N) ➜ 7    
• Oxygen (O) ➜ 8    
• Fluorine (F) ➜ 9    
• Neon (Ne) ➜ 10    
• Sodium (Natrium)  (Na) ➜ 11    
• Magnesium (Mg) ➜ 12    
• Aluminum (Al) ➜ 13    
• Silicon (Si) ➜ 14    
• Phosphorous (P) ➜ 15    
• Sulphur (S) ➜ 16    
• Chlorine (Cl) ➜ 17    
• Argon (Ar) ➜ 18    
• Potassium (Kalium) (K) ➜ 19    
• Calcium (Ca) ➜ 20    
• Titanium (Ti) ➜ 22    
• Vanadium (V) ➜ 23    
• Chromium (Cr) ➜ 24    
• Manganese (Mn) ➜ 25
• Iron (Ferrum) (Fe) ➜ 26
• Cobalt (Co) ➜ 27
• Nickel  (Ni) ➜ 28
• Copper (Cuprum) (Cu) ➜ 29
• Zinc (Zn) ➜ 30
• Germanium (Ge) ➜ 32
• Bromine (Br) ➜ 35
• Krypton (Kr) ➜ 36
• Zirconium (Zr) ➜ 40
• Silver (Ag) ➜ 47
• Tin (Stannum) (Sn) ➜ 50
• Antimony (Stabnium) (Sb) ➜ 51
• Iodine  (I) ➜ 53
• Barium  (Ba) ➜ 56
• Gold (Aurum) (Au) ➜ 79
• Mercury (Hydragerm) (Hg) ➜ 80
• Lead (Plumbum) (Pb) ➜ 82
• Bismuth (Bi) ➜ 83
• Radium (Ra) ➜ 88
• Thorium (Th) ➜ 90
• Uranium (U) ➜ 92
• Plutonium (Pu) ➜ 94
• Curium (Cm) ➜ 96
  
  Try yourself:What is atomic number for Sodium (Natrium)(Na)?

  • A.

    11
  • B.

    12
  • C.

    7
  • D.

    14

  Explanation

  Sodium (Natrium)  (Na) ➜ 11    

  View Solution

Common and Chemical Names of Some Compounds

Common Name ➜ Chemical Name (Chemical Formula)

• Dry ice ➜ Solid Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
• Slaked Lime ➜ Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
• Bleaching Powder ➜ Calcium Oxychloride (CaOCI₂)
• Nausadar ➜ Ammonium Chloride (NH₄CI)
• Caustic Soda ➜ Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
• Rock Salt ➜ Sodium Chloride (NaCI)
• Caustic Potash ➜ Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
• Potash Alum ➜ Potassium Aluminium Sulphate (K₂SO₄.AI₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O)
• Epsom ➜ Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO₄.7H₂O)
• Quick Lime ➜ Calcium Sulphate (CaO)
• Plaster of Paris ➜ Calcium Sulphate (CaSO₄)^1/2 H₂O
• Gypsum ➜ Calcium Sulphate (CaSO₄.2H₂O)
• Green Vitriol ➜ Ferrous Sulphate (FeSO₄.7H₂O)
• Mohr’s Salt ➜ Ammonium Ferrous Sulphate (FeSO₄ (NH₄)₂SO₄.6H₂O)
• Blue Vitriol ➜ Copper Sulphate (CuSO₄.5H₂O)
• White Vitriol ➜ Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO₄.7H₂O)
• Marsh Gas ➜ Methane (CH₄)
• Vinegar ➜ Acetic Acid  (CH₃COOH)
• Potash Ash ➜ Potassium Carbonate (K₂CO₃)
• Hypo ➜ Sodium Thiosulphate (Na₂S₂O₃.5H₂O)
• Baking Powder ➜ Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO₃)
• Washing Soda ➜ Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃.10H₂O)
• Magnesia ➜ Magnesium Oxide (MgO)
• Chalk (Marble) ➜ Calcium Carbonate (CaCO₃)
• Lunar Caustic ➜ Silver Nitrate (AgNO₃)
• Laughing Gas ➜ Nitrous Oxide (N₂O)
• Chloroform ➜ Trichloro Methane (CHCI₃)
• Vermelium ➜ Mercuric Sulphide (HgS)
• Borax ➜ Borax (Na₂B₄O₇.10H₂O)
• Alcohol ➜ Ethyl Alcohol (C₂H₅OH)
• Sugar ➜ Sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁)
• Heavy Water ➜ Deuterium Oxide (D₂O)
• Globar’s Salt ➜ Sodium Sulphate (Na₂SO₄.10H₂O)
• T.N.T. ➜ Tri Nitrotoluene  (C₅H₂CH₃(NO₂)₃)
• Calomel ➜ Mercurous Chloride (Hgci)
• Sand ➜ Silicon Oxide (SiO₂)