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FAQs on CHEMICAL BONDING 4 - Additional Documents & Tests for IIT JAM

1. What is chemical bonding?
Ans. Chemical bonding refers to the attractive forces that hold atoms together in a molecule. It involves the sharing, transferring, or rearranging of electrons between atoms, leading to the formation of chemical compounds.
2. What are the different types of chemical bonding?
Ans. The different types of chemical bonding are: - Ionic Bonding: Involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of ions that are held together by electrostatic forces. - Covalent Bonding: Involves the sharing of electrons between atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration. - Metallic Bonding: Occurs in metallic elements, where electrons are delocalized and shared among a lattice of positive ions. - Hydrogen Bonding: A special type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs between a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom.
3. How does chemical bonding influence the properties of substances?
Ans. Chemical bonding greatly influences the properties of substances. The type and strength of chemical bonds determine various characteristics such as melting point, boiling point, solubility, electrical conductivity, and chemical reactivity of a substance. For example, substances with strong covalent bonds tend to have high melting and boiling points, while those with weak intermolecular forces exhibit low boiling points.
4. What is the octet rule in chemical bonding?
Ans. The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve a stable configuration with eight electrons in their outermost energy level (except for hydrogen and helium, which strive for two electrons). This rule helps explain the formation of chemical bonds, as atoms bond together to attain a full outer electron shell and become more stable.
5. How do chemical bonds form in molecules?
Ans. Chemical bonds form in molecules through the interaction of valence electrons. Atoms combine in a way that allows them to achieve a more stable electron configuration. This can be achieved through the transfer of electrons (ionic bonding), the sharing of electrons (covalent bonding), or the overlapping of electron orbitals (metallic bonding). The number and arrangement of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms determine the type of bond that will be formed.
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