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Explain in detail the resting phase of cell division?
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Cell division happens when a parent cell divides into two or more cells called daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle. All cells reproduce by splitting into two, where each parental cell gives rise to two daughter cells.
Cell Division
These newly formed daughter cells could themselves divide and grow, giving rise to a new cell population that is formed by the division and growth of a single parental cell and its descendant.
In other words,
Types of Cell Division
There are two distinct types of cell division out of which the first one is vegetative division, wherein each daughter cell duplicates the parent cell called mitosis. The second one is meiosis, which divides into four haploid daughter cells.
Types of Cell Division
Mitosis: The process cells use to make exact replicas of themselves. Mitosis is observed in almost all the body’s cells, including eyes, skin, hair, and muscle cells.
Meiosis: In this type of cell division, sperm or egg cells are produced instead of identical daughter cells as in mitosis.
Binary Fission: Single-celled organisms like bacteria replicate themselves for reproduction.
Phases of Cell Cycle
There are two primary phases in the cell cycle:
- Interphase: This phase represents the resting stage between subsequent cell divisions.
- M Phase (Mitosis phase): This is where the actual cell division occurs. There are two key steps in this phase, namely cytokinesis
and karyokinesis.
The interphase further comprises of three phases:
- G1 Phase (Gap 1): The cell is metabolically active and grows continuously during this phase.
- S phase (Synthesis): The DNA replication or synthesis occurs during this stage.
- G2 phase (Gap 2): Protein synthesis happens in this phase.
- Quiescent Stage (G0): The cells that do not undergo further division exits the G1 phase and enters an inactive stage. This stage is known as the quiescent stage (G0) of the cell cycle.
There are four stages in the M Phase, namely:
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
FAQs on Cell division - Class 11
| 1. What is cell division? |  |
Ans. Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. It is a vital mechanism for growth, development, and repair in living organisms. Cell division occurs through two main processes: mitosis and meiosis.
| 2. What is the purpose of cell division? | |
Ans. The purpose of cell division is to ensure the growth and development of organisms, as well as the replacement of damaged or old cells. It allows for the production of new cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell in mitosis or for the production of gametes with half the number of chromosomes in meiosis.
| 3. What is mitosis? | |
Ans. Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It is responsible for the growth, repair, and maintenance of body cells. Mitosis consists of four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
| 4. What is meiosis? | |
Ans. Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms. It involves two rounds of division, resulting in the formation of four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis is essential for the production of gametes (sperm and egg cells) and genetic diversity in offspring.
| 5. What are the differences between mitosis and meiosis? | |
Ans. Mitosis and meiosis are two different types of cell division processes. The main differences between them include:
- Mitosis produces two daughter cells, while meiosis produces four daughter cells.
- Mitosis results in daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, whereas meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by half.
- Mitosis is involved in growth, repair, and maintenance of body cells, whereas meiosis is exclusively for the production of gametes.
- Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis creates genetically diverse daughter cells through genetic recombination.
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Dec 29, 2024 Last updated |
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