Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

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FLOW MEASUREMENT

DeviceMeasurement
Venturimeterrate of flow (discharge)
Flow nozzlerate of flow
Orifice meterrate of flow
Bend meterrate of flow
Rotameterrate of flow
Pitot tubevelocity
Hot wire anemometerair & gas velocity
Current metervelocity in open channels

Venturimeter 

  • Cone angle of convergence side (20°) is greater than cone angle of divergence side (5° to 7°). 
  • Position of venturimeter does not play any role in discharge thus it is constant for horizontal, inclined or vertical position.

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

Qac = Cd Qth
Cd = coefficient of discharge = 0.95 to 0.98
h = venturi head which is difference between pressure heads 

  • Throat diameter is known as size of the venturimenter.

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

 

Orifice meter 

  • It is a cheaper arrangement but has more energy loss.

Cd for orifice meter = 0.68 - 0.74

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

Cd for orifice meter = 0.68 - 0.74

a1 = πd2/4

a2 = πdc2/4

Pitot Tube 

  • It is based on principle of conversion of kinetic head into pressure head. The point at which velocity reduces zero is called stagnation point.

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

  • For theoretical velocity, we do not multiply the equation by C.
  • Velocity head is indicated by the difference in liquid level between the Pitot tube and the piezometer. The Pitot tube measures the total head and therefore known as total head tube.

Hydraulic Coefficients

  • Contraction coefficient (Cc) = Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering
  • Coefficient of velocity of (Cv) =Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering
  • Coefficient of discharge (Cd) = Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering
  • Cd = Cv.C

Flow through orifice in the tank
Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

Time required to lower the level from H to h

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

Discharge through orifice when head over orifice is h

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

  • Rectangular Weir/Notch

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering
Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering
Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

L = length of crest H = head above crest 

  • Triangular weir

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering
Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

  • Trapezoidal weir

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering

The document Flow Measurement - Notes | Study Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical) - Mechanical Engineering is a part of the Mechanical Engineering Course Mechanical Engineering SSC JE (Technical).
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6 videos|97 docs|55 tests
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