SUPERCHARGING, ENGINE TESTING AND EMISSIONS
EFFECT OF SUPERCHARGING ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE
Superchargers
Turbochargers
BASIC PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF IC ENGINE
Specific power output =
utilization of swept volume of the engine.
than unity.
Measurement of Engine Parameters
Parameter | Method of measurement |
Speed | Tacho meter |
Air consumption | Air boxmethod |
Exhaust emission | Flameionisation det ector (for hydrocarbon) spectroscope analysis |
Brakepower | dynamometer |
Friction power | Morse test,motoring test, Willan ' s linemethod |
Emissions
Pollutant from Petrol Engine
Source | Quantity |
Evaporative loss from tank & carburetor | 15%-25%of HC |
Crankcase blow by fumes | 20%-35%of HC |
Exhaust emission | 50%-60%of HC and completely unburnt CO and NO |
Carbon Monoxides (CO)
Hydrocarbon
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
Control of Air Pollution by Petrol Engine
Total Emission Control Package
Catalytic Converter Package
Diesel Emission
Causes of Smoke
Emission Control
Engine Design Modification
1. Leans A/F ratio: They reduce CO and HC emissions.
2. Reducing the CR: It reduces the peak temperature which reduces NOx emissions.
3. Reducing valve overlap: This would reduce the amount of UBHC from escaping along e exhaust gases.
4. Combustion chamber modification: By suitable design of combustion chamber quench areas can be eliminated. This would result in proper combustion and reduce CO and HC.
5. Retarding the spark: This reduce the peak temperature and reduces NOx.
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