Energy Sources Chapter Notes | Physics for GCSE/IGCSE - Year 11 PDF Download

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Energy resources
? Energy
? The ability or capacity to do work
? Energy resources
? Something that can produce heat, light or electricity
Renewable energy Non-renewable energy
Solar Nuclear
Wind Fossil fuels
Tidal Petroleum
Geothermal Coal
Hydroelectric
Biomass
Easily available Not readily available
Unlimited Limited
Non-conventional Conventional
Readily available Production takes millions of years
Renewable energy
? Solar
? Obtained from the sun
? ? Expensive  solar panels, converts light to electric energy
? ? Stored light/solar energy  no pollution
? ? Sun  nuclear fusion reaction
? ? Solar cell  Device used to store electrical energy
? Wind
? Generators are driven by wind turbines
? ? Windmills  large, remote, windy sites are needed
? Noisy , can spoil and scape
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Energy resources
? Energy
? The ability or capacity to do work
? Energy resources
? Something that can produce heat, light or electricity
Renewable energy Non-renewable energy
Solar Nuclear
Wind Fossil fuels
Tidal Petroleum
Geothermal Coal
Hydroelectric
Biomass
Easily available Not readily available
Unlimited Limited
Non-conventional Conventional
Readily available Production takes millions of years
Renewable energy
? Solar
? Obtained from the sun
? ? Expensive  solar panels, converts light to electric energy
? ? Stored light/solar energy  no pollution
? ? Sun  nuclear fusion reaction
? ? Solar cell  Device used to store electrical energy
? Wind
? Generators are driven by wind turbines
? ? Windmills  large, remote, windy sites are needed
? Noisy , can spoil and scape
? Biomass
? The energy produced from the dead organic matter or dead plants and animal parts
? Wood, leaf parts and crop residue
Advantages Disadvantages
Renewable Less efficient
Abundant/easily available Not clean(carbon dioxide and monoxide) produced
Low cost Large amount of space needed
Reduces waste Not as efficient as fossil fuels
? Tidal
? Form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power
? During high tide, the water flows into the dam.
Advantages Disadvantages
Renewable Cost of construction is high
Environment friendly Only few locations
Doesn’t produce greenhouse gases Tidal waves are predictable
More efficient than coal, solar or wind Influences aquatic life adversely, can disrupt
migration
Cost of construction is high but maintenance is
low
Generates only twice a day
Energy density is higher than other Frozen sea, low or weak tides
Renewable energy sources Expensive as produced at far away places than
consumption
? Geothermal
? Deep underground, the Earth’s rocks are very hot. We can turn their heat energy into
electrical energy
¦ Cold water is pumped below the ground
¦ Hot rocks heat the water turning it to steam
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Energy resources
? Energy
? The ability or capacity to do work
? Energy resources
? Something that can produce heat, light or electricity
Renewable energy Non-renewable energy
Solar Nuclear
Wind Fossil fuels
Tidal Petroleum
Geothermal Coal
Hydroelectric
Biomass
Easily available Not readily available
Unlimited Limited
Non-conventional Conventional
Readily available Production takes millions of years
Renewable energy
? Solar
? Obtained from the sun
? ? Expensive  solar panels, converts light to electric energy
? ? Stored light/solar energy  no pollution
? ? Sun  nuclear fusion reaction
? ? Solar cell  Device used to store electrical energy
? Wind
? Generators are driven by wind turbines
? ? Windmills  large, remote, windy sites are needed
? Noisy , can spoil and scape
? Biomass
? The energy produced from the dead organic matter or dead plants and animal parts
? Wood, leaf parts and crop residue
Advantages Disadvantages
Renewable Less efficient
Abundant/easily available Not clean(carbon dioxide and monoxide) produced
Low cost Large amount of space needed
Reduces waste Not as efficient as fossil fuels
? Tidal
? Form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power
? During high tide, the water flows into the dam.
Advantages Disadvantages
Renewable Cost of construction is high
Environment friendly Only few locations
Doesn’t produce greenhouse gases Tidal waves are predictable
More efficient than coal, solar or wind Influences aquatic life adversely, can disrupt
migration
Cost of construction is high but maintenance is
low
Generates only twice a day
Energy density is higher than other Frozen sea, low or weak tides
Renewable energy sources Expensive as produced at far away places than
consumption
? Geothermal
? Deep underground, the Earth’s rocks are very hot. We can turn their heat energy into
electrical energy
¦ Cold water is pumped below the ground
¦ Hot rocks heat the water turning it to steam
Advantages Disadvantages
Inexhaustible Very few places in the world
No environment impact High start-up costs
Pumps can store heat for later use
Non renewable energy
? ? Energy taken from sources available or earth  limited quantity
? Petroleum
? Remains of marine organisms
? Fossil fuels
? Coal, petroleum and natural gas are fossil fuels as these are formed by the decomposition
of the remains of dead plants and animals
Advantages Disadvantages
Widely and easily available Growing demand
Easy to store and transport Non-renewable and fast depleting
CLeaner and easier to burn than coal Releases harmful products while combustion
Reliable electricity CO2 major cause of global warming
Increasing prices
? Nuclear Energy
? Energy in the nucleus of an atom
Advantages Disadvantages
Jobs and prosperity to the country Disposal of waste is very difficult
Provides the world with most of its electricity Storing is dangerous and radioactive
Do not emit CO2 Expensive to build
Causes less pollution Leads to environmental problems (mining and
processing)
Lots of energy produced from a small amount of
uranium