Chemistry tables Notes - Class 12

• Pusa Jai Kissan: The variety, BIO-902 named “Pusa Jai Kissan”, is the first ever variety of mustard developed by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI).
• Hansa: The country’s first aircraft named Hansa, designed and developed by the National Aeronautical Laboratory (NAL), is a two seater craft and is considered to be a suitable replacement for training aircraft currently in use at various flying schools. It can also be used for sports, surveillance and monitoring the environment.
• Ocean-Energy Based Power Plant: India is the first country in the world to have Ocean-Energy based Power Plant and the 100 MW floating station is being set up in Tamil Nadu. The $ 250 million (about Rs. 750 crore) will be the precursor to a series of about six such plants that are likely to be set up in the country along different coastlines.
• Seaborgium: The 106th element in the periodic table, so far unnamed has been named seaborgium after the name of Nobel laureate Mr. Glem T. Seabor. He is the co-discoverer of plutonium and nine other transuranic elements.
• Patrex: Patrex Fuels India Ltd. claimed to have developed a substitute called Patrex which comprises 20% methanol and 80% naptha. Certified by the BPSL, the fuel per litre would cost Rs. 2.70 less, with the mileage being 5% higher than that of petrol.

Artificial
(i) Nylon66
(ii) Polythyleneor Polythene
(iii) Polypropylene
(iv Polyvinylchloride (PVC)
(v) Polyacrylonitrite
(vi) Polystyrene
(vii) Polymethylmetha crylate (PMMA)
Itsout standing proper tyis itsclearness and excellentlighttransmi-ssion (evenbetterthan glass).
Its commercial names areLucite, plexiglass, Acryliteand Perspex. Synthetics Rubbers (a) Burna-S Bufor Butadien na forNa(Sodium) SforStyrene
(v) Neoprene
(ix) Urea form-aldhyde resin
(x) Phenol Formaldehyde resine or, Bakelite
(ix) Melamine
formaldehyde
(xii) Terylene orDacron glycol
(xiii) Glyptal
acid+ Ethylene glycol
(xiv) Expoxy resin

• In India’s electricity production, the share of nuclear power sector has declined from 3.3 per cent in 1992 to 1.9 per cent in 1993.
• India occupies the 26th place in terms of nuclear power’s contribution to the total grid.
• India’s nine nuclear plants have a total power generation capacity of 1600 megawatts.
• The country which depends most on the nuclear power is Lithuania, followed by France.
• Lithuania has just two plants, with a generation capacity of 2370 MW, but they produced 87 per cent of the country’s electricity in 1993.
• France gets three-fourth of its electricity from 57 NPPs.
• Besides India, Pakistan is the second South Asian country with one operating NPP of 125 MW.
• On May 18, 1974, India exploded its first 12 Kiloton Plutonium bomb at a depth of 107 m in an L-shaped hole at Pokharan in the Thar desert.
• One of the most important PNE (Pokharan Nuclear Explosion) applications envisaged by the Indian Scientists was chemical mining i.e., to study the possibility of applying PNEs to the copper deposits in the Khetri belt.

• Urea. has the largest percentage of nitrogen, nearly 47%.
• Muriate of potash is Potassium Chloride.
• BHC is benzene hexachloride.
• A 0.3% solution of phenol is used as an antiseptic. 1% solution of phenol is used as a disinfectant. Iodoform and bleaching powder are disinfectants. Blue vitriol is neither an antiseptic nor a disinfectant.
• Bordeaux mixture is a fungicide.
• Benzene hexachloride is also known as 666.
• Picric acid which is 2.4,6, trinitrophenol is used both as an explosive and as a germicide.
• A protected colloidal solution of silver nitrate is used under the trade name of Argyrol in eye diseases.
• Acetyl salicyclic acid (aspirin) and paracetamol are used to reduce body temperature.
• Veronal which is diethyl malonyl urea is used as a sleep producing drug.
• Lysergic acid diethylamide known as LSD is known as psychedelic drug i.e., a drug which gives a false sense of happiness and makes a person lose sense of time and space.
• Cocaine which is an alkaloid produces numbness and is used as local anaesthetic.
• A 40% solution of Formaldehyde known as Formalin is used in the preservation of biological specimens because of its hardening action on proteins.
• Para-amino salicyclic acid (PAS) is used in the treatment of Tuberculosis.
• Sometimes a fertilizer instead of being a direct source of plant food may make the plant food present in the soil easily available to plants. Such a type of fertilizer is known as stimulant fertilizer.
• Chloroform. is easily oxidised to the highly poisonous gas known as Phosgene or carbonyl chloride COCl2. Hence if it is used as anaesthetic it should be kept free from sunlight and air.
• Methyl Salicylate also known as Oil of Wintergreen is used in the treatment of reheumatism.
• Acute diabetes results in the formation of acetone bodies. Hence such patients smell of acetone.
• Chloroform was discovered by Liebig in 1831. Tincture Iodine is a solution of iodine in ethyl alcohol.
• Thyroid glands located in the neck secrete a hormone called Thyroxin. This contains iodine.
• Iodoform is a solid. It is prepared by the action of iodine and alkali on ethyl alcohol or acetone.
• Noise pollution is also a type of pollution; though it does not cause any physical harm it causes nervous tension.
• The fertilizer must be soluble in water so that the elements can reach the plant easily.
• Superphosphate of lime is a phosphatic fertilizer.
• Codein is an alkaloid which can alleviate extreme pain.
• Compounds of mercury are used as germicides only. Plants do not require mercury for their growth.