Class 5 SST HOTS Questions - Weather and Climate

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1: The climate of a place is affected by
(a) distance from the Equator.
(b) humidity.
(c) height above the sea level.
(d) All of these.
Ans: (d)
All of these factors affect the climate of a place.
(a) Distance from the Equator: The closer a place is to the Equator, the warmer its climate tends to be.
(b) Humidity: Humidity levels influence how hot or cold a place feels. High humidity can make a place feel warmer, while low humidity can make it feel cooler.
(c) Height above sea level: Places at higher elevations generally have cooler climates because the air is thinner and less able to retain heat. This is why mountainous areas tend to be cooler.

Q2: Which of these zones receive the maximum heat from the Sun?
(a) Tropical Zone.
(b) Frigid Zone
(c) Temperate Zone
(d) All of these receive an equal amount of heat.
Ans: (a)
The Tropical Zone receives the maximum heat from the Sun. This zone is located near the Equator and receives direct sunlight year-round, making it the hottest part of the Earth.

Q3: A city is expected to have a moderate climate if it is
(a) near the Equator.
(b) near the sea.
(c) near the mountains.
(d) near the poles.
Ans: (b)
A city is expected to have a moderate climate if it is near the sea. Oceans have a moderating effect on temperature, keeping coastal areas cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter compared to inland areas. This results in a more moderate and comfortable climate.

Q4: If the latitude of a place is 30° N, it lies in the
(a) Tropical Zone
(b) North Temperate Zone
(c) Frigid Zone
(d) South Temperate Zone
Ans: (b)
If the latitude of a place is 30° N (North), it lies in the North Temperate Zone. This zone is characterized by moderate temperatures and distinct seasons, with warm summers and cool winters.

Q5: A city lies on the Equator. It is located in the plains, far away from the coast. Its climate is expected to be
(a) hot throughout the year.
(b) cold throughout the year.
(c) hot in summers and cold in winters.
(d) neither very hot nor very cold.
Ans: (a)
A city that lies on the Equator in the plains and is far away from the coast is expected to have a hot climate throughout the year. Being near the Equator means it receives direct sunlight year-round, leading to consistently high temperatures. The absence of coastal influence means there is no moderating effect, resulting in a hot climate.

Answer these Questions

Q6: What is the difference between weather and climate?
Ans: Weather is the condition of any place at a particular time (short period of time), whereas climate is the average weather conditions of that place over a long period of time.

Q7: How does the climate of a place affect the people living there?
Ans: The climate of a place affects people's food habits, clothing styles, types of houses, and their daily activities.

Q8: Name the five important factors that determine the climate of a place.
Ans:
(i) Distance from the Equator
(ii) Height above the sea level
(iii) Distance from the sea
(iv) Winds
(v) The amount of moisture in the air (Humidity)

Q9: Why do areas near the Equator receive more heat from the Sun than those near the poles?
Ans: Areas near the Equator receive more heat from the Sun because they are closer to the Sun's direct and vertical rays, resulting in more intense solar radiation. In contrast, areas near the poles are farther from the Sun's direct rays, causing them to receive less heat.

Q10: Where are the following heat zones located? Describe the general climate of each zone.
(a) Frigid Zone;
(b) Temperate Zone;
(c) Tropical Zone
Ans:
(a) Frigid Zone: The Frigid Zone is located between the Arctic Circle (66.5°N) and the North Pole (90°N) in the Northern Hemisphere and between the Antarctic Circle (66.5°S) and the South Pole (90°S) in the Southern Hemisphere. The climate in the Frigid Zone is generally very cold due to the limited amount of heat it receives from the Sun.
(b) Temperate Zone: The Temperate Zone is located between the Arctic Circle (66.5°N) and the Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) in the Northern Hemisphere and between the Antarctic Circle (66.5°S) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S) in the Southern Hemisphere. The climate in the Temperate Zone is generally moderate, with neither extreme cold nor extreme heat.
(c) Tropical Zone (Torrid Zone): The Tropical Zone is located between the Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S). It receives the maximum amount of heat from the Sun and has a generally hot climate.

Q11: How do winds affect the climate of a place?
Ans: Different types of winds, whether hot, cool, dry, or moist, blow in specific directions in various regions. These winds bring with them heat and moisture, which significantly impact the climate of a place.

Q7: How is the humidity in Chennai different from that of Jaisalmer in the Thar Desert?
Ans: Humidity is very high in Chennai because it is located near the sea, while humidity is very low in Jaisalmer in the Thar Desert because it is far away from the sea.