Complexometric Titration or chelatometry is a type of volumetric analysis wherein the coloured complex is used to determine the endpoint of the titration. Titration is one of the common method used in laboratories which determines the unknown concentration of an analyte that has been identified. It is a method used in quantitative chemical analysis.
It is sometimes termed as volumetric analysis as measurements of volume play a vital role. Here reagent is used as a standard solution, and they are called titrant. Titrant Volume is defined as the volume of a titrant that is reacted. Complexometric Titration is in the detection of mixtures of different metal ions present in the solution.
When each drop of titrant is added, the reaction reaches an equilibrium state swiftly. There would be no chance for any interfering situations. The equivalent point can be identified very accurately using a complexometric titration. EDTA is used as a titrant and it is pretty much well established.
Calmagite and Eriochrome BlackT (EBT) are such indicators that change from blue to pink when they complex with calcium or magnesium. The endpoint of a complexometric EDTA titration using either Calmagite or EBT as the indicator is detected as the colour changes from pink to blue.
The endpoint detection in complexometric titration can be done by two methods.
1. Visual Method
One of the most common methods for determination of endpoint owing to its simplicity, least cost and accuracy. Following are some of the visual methods used for determining the end point of the complexometric titrations.
2. Instrumental Method
Use of visual methods in determining the endpoint is not free from limitations including inaccuracy or human visual errors. Some instrumental techniques used in endpoint determination are
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