Computer Block Diagram Notes

 Page 1


ROM
(BIOS)
RAM
CPU
Monitor
L1
L2
Local Bus
Graphics
Adapter
PCI or AGP Local Bus
Mouse
Keyboard
Removable storage
Modem
Laser printer
Scanner
Adapters:
Serial
Parallel
USB
SCSI
Firewire
EISA or PCI Bus
Disk array
Computer Block Diagram
Page 2


ROM
(BIOS)
RAM
CPU
Monitor
L1
L2
Local Bus
Graphics
Adapter
PCI or AGP Local Bus
Mouse
Keyboard
Removable storage
Modem
Laser printer
Scanner
Adapters:
Serial
Parallel
USB
SCSI
Firewire
EISA or PCI Bus
Disk array
Computer Block Diagram
ALU FP
Clock
Instruction
Decoder
Control Unit
IP
Interrupt
Register
Instruction
Data
Data
Data
Cache
CPU
High Speed Registers
MMX
Power
External
Clock
Data
Lines
Address
Lines
Interrupt
Line
Page 3


ROM
(BIOS)
RAM
CPU
Monitor
L1
L2
Local Bus
Graphics
Adapter
PCI or AGP Local Bus
Mouse
Keyboard
Removable storage
Modem
Laser printer
Scanner
Adapters:
Serial
Parallel
USB
SCSI
Firewire
EISA or PCI Bus
Disk array
Computer Block Diagram
ALU FP
Clock
Instruction
Decoder
Control Unit
IP
Interrupt
Register
Instruction
Data
Data
Data
Cache
CPU
High Speed Registers
MMX
Power
External
Clock
Data
Lines
Address
Lines
Interrupt
Line
Page 4


ROM
(BIOS)
RAM
CPU
Monitor
L1
L2
Local Bus
Graphics
Adapter
PCI or AGP Local Bus
Mouse
Keyboard
Removable storage
Modem
Laser printer
Scanner
Adapters:
Serial
Parallel
USB
SCSI
Firewire
EISA or PCI Bus
Disk array
Computer Block Diagram
ALU FP
Clock
Instruction
Decoder
Control Unit
IP
Interrupt
Register
Instruction
Data
Data
Data
Cache
CPU
High Speed Registers
MMX
Power
External
Clock
Data
Lines
Address
Lines
Interrupt
Line
Name Date Transistors Microns Clock speed Data width MIPS
8080 1974 6,000 6 2 MHz 8 bits 0.64
8088 1979 29,000 3 5 MHz 16 bits, 8-bit bus 0.33
80286 1982 134,000 1.5 6 MHz 16 bits 1
80386 1985 275,000 1.5 16 MHz 32 bits 5
80486 1989 1,200,000 1 25 MHz 32 bits 20
Pentium 1993 3,100,000 0.8 60 MHz 32 bits, 64-bit bus 100
Pentium II 1997 7,500,000 0.35 233 MHz 32 bits, 64-bit bus ~300
Pentium III 1999 9,500,000 0.25 450 MHz 32 bits, 64-bit bus ~510
Pentium 4 2000 42,000,000 0.18 1.5 GHz 32 bits, 64-bit bus ~1,700
Page 5


ROM
(BIOS)
RAM
CPU
Monitor
L1
L2
Local Bus
Graphics
Adapter
PCI or AGP Local Bus
Mouse
Keyboard
Removable storage
Modem
Laser printer
Scanner
Adapters:
Serial
Parallel
USB
SCSI
Firewire
EISA or PCI Bus
Disk array
Computer Block Diagram
ALU FP
Clock
Instruction
Decoder
Control Unit
IP
Interrupt
Register
Instruction
Data
Data
Data
Cache
CPU
High Speed Registers
MMX
Power
External
Clock
Data
Lines
Address
Lines
Interrupt
Line
Name Date Transistors Microns Clock speed Data width MIPS
8080 1974 6,000 6 2 MHz 8 bits 0.64
8088 1979 29,000 3 5 MHz 16 bits, 8-bit bus 0.33
80286 1982 134,000 1.5 6 MHz 16 bits 1
80386 1985 275,000 1.5 16 MHz 32 bits 5
80486 1989 1,200,000 1 25 MHz 32 bits 20
Pentium 1993 3,100,000 0.8 60 MHz 32 bits, 64-bit bus 100
Pentium II 1997 7,500,000 0.35 233 MHz 32 bits, 64-bit bus ~300
Pentium III 1999 9,500,000 0.25 450 MHz 32 bits, 64-bit bus ~510
Pentium 4 2000 42,000,000 0.18 1.5 GHz 32 bits, 64-bit bus ~1,700
Instruction Hierarchy
Software Programs
RAM/External
Firmware
ROM/Internal
ALU
Instructions
Microcode
Gated Instructions
add/or/and