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DNA Polymerase: Efficiency & Accuracy Video Lecture | Biology for ACT

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FAQs on DNA Polymerase: Efficiency & Accuracy Video Lecture - Biology for ACT

1. What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?
Ans. DNA polymerase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in DNA replication. It catalyzes the synthesis of a new DNA strand by adding nucleotides to the growing DNA chain using the existing DNA strand as a template.
2. How does DNA polymerase ensure accuracy during DNA replication?
Ans. DNA polymerase has a proofreading function that helps maintain accuracy during DNA replication. It can detect and correct errors in the newly synthesized DNA strand by removing mismatched nucleotides and replacing them with the correct ones.
3. What factors affect the efficiency of DNA polymerase?
Ans. Several factors can influence the efficiency of DNA polymerase. These include the concentration of DNA polymerase, the availability of nucleotides, the temperature, the pH of the reaction, and the presence of any inhibitors or activators.
4. Can DNA polymerase replicate damaged DNA?
Ans. DNA polymerase can replicate damaged DNA to some extent, depending on the type and extent of the damage. However, it may encounter difficulties and errors during replication, leading to mutations. Certain DNA polymerases have specialized functions in repairing damaged DNA.
5. How is DNA polymerase used in molecular biology techniques such as PCR?
Ans. DNA polymerase is a key component in polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a widely used technique in molecular biology. It helps amplify specific DNA sequences by repeatedly copying the target DNA using a set of primers. The most commonly used DNA polymerase in PCR is Taq polymerase, which is derived from a thermophilic bacterium and can withstand high temperatures required for the reaction.
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