Ecology and Evolution - EY 2018 GATE Paper with solution GATE Notes | EduRev

 Page 1


GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “Going by the _________ that many hands make light work, the school _______ involved 
all the students in the task .” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) principle, principal (B) principal, principle 
(C) principle, principle (D) principal, principal 
 
 
Q.2  “Her _______ should not be confused with miserliness; she is ever willing to assist those in 
need. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) cleanliness (B) punctuality (C) frugality (D) greatness 
 
 
Q.3  Seven machines take 7 minutes to make 7 identical toys. At the same rate, how many 
minutes would it take for 100 machines to make 100 toys? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 7 (C) 100 (D) 700 
 
 
Q.4  A rectangle becomes a square when its length and breadth are reduced by 10 m and 5 m, 
respectively. During this process, the rectangle loses 650 m
2
 of area. What is the area of the 
original rectangle in square meters? 
 
(A) 1125 (B) 2250 (C) 2924 (D) 4500 
 
 
Q.5  A number consists of two digits. The sum of the digits is 9. If 45 is subtracted from the 
number, its digits are interchanged. What is the number? 
 
(A) 63 (B) 72 (C) 81 (D) 90 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  For integers ?? , ?? and ?? , what would be the minimum and maximum values respectively of 
?? + ?? + ?? if log |?? | + log |?? | + log |?? | = 0? 
 
(A) -3 and 3 (B) -1 and 1 (C) -1 and 3 (D) 1 and 3 
 
 
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GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “Going by the _________ that many hands make light work, the school _______ involved 
all the students in the task .” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) principle, principal (B) principal, principle 
(C) principle, principle (D) principal, principal 
 
 
Q.2  “Her _______ should not be confused with miserliness; she is ever willing to assist those in 
need. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) cleanliness (B) punctuality (C) frugality (D) greatness 
 
 
Q.3  Seven machines take 7 minutes to make 7 identical toys. At the same rate, how many 
minutes would it take for 100 machines to make 100 toys? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 7 (C) 100 (D) 700 
 
 
Q.4  A rectangle becomes a square when its length and breadth are reduced by 10 m and 5 m, 
respectively. During this process, the rectangle loses 650 m
2
 of area. What is the area of the 
original rectangle in square meters? 
 
(A) 1125 (B) 2250 (C) 2924 (D) 4500 
 
 
Q.5  A number consists of two digits. The sum of the digits is 9. If 45 is subtracted from the 
number, its digits are interchanged. What is the number? 
 
(A) 63 (B) 72 (C) 81 (D) 90 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  For integers ?? , ?? and ?? , what would be the minimum and maximum values respectively of 
?? + ?? + ?? if log |?? | + log |?? | + log |?? | = 0? 
 
(A) -3 and 3 (B) -1 and 1 (C) -1 and 3 (D) 1 and 3 
 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 2/2 
Q.7  Given that ?? and ?? are integers and ?? + ?? 2
 ?? 3
 is odd, which one of the following 
statements is correct? 
 
(A) ?? and ?? are both odd (B) ?? and ?? are both even 
(C) ?? is even and ?? is odd (D) ?? is odd and ?? is even 
 
 
Q.8  From the time the front of a train enters a platform, it takes 25 seconds for the back of the 
train to leave the platform, while travelling at a constant speed of 54 km/h. At the same 
speed, it takes 14 seconds to pass a man running at 9 km/h in the same direction as the 
train. What is the length of the train and that of the platform in meters, respectively? 
 
(A) 210 and 140 (B) 162.5 and 187.5 
(C) 245 and 130 (D) 175 and 200 
 
 
Q.9  Which of the following functions describe the graph shown in the below figure? 
 
 
 
(A) ?? = ||?? | + 1| - 2 (B) ?? = ||?? | - 1| - 1 
(C) ?? = ||?? | + 1| - 1 (D) ?? = ||?? - 1| - 1| 
 
 
Q.10  Consider the following three statements: 
(i) Some roses are red. 
(ii) All red flowers fade quickly. 
(iii) Some roses fade quickly. 
 
Which of the following statements can be logically inferred from the above statements? 
 
(A) If (i) is true and (ii) is false, then (iii) is false. 
(B) If (i) is true and (ii) is false, then (iii) is true. 
(C) If (i) and (ii) are true, then (iii) is true.  
(D) If (i) and (ii) are false, then (iii) is false.  
 
 
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 
 
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GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “Going by the _________ that many hands make light work, the school _______ involved 
all the students in the task .” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) principle, principal (B) principal, principle 
(C) principle, principle (D) principal, principal 
 
 
Q.2  “Her _______ should not be confused with miserliness; she is ever willing to assist those in 
need. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) cleanliness (B) punctuality (C) frugality (D) greatness 
 
 
Q.3  Seven machines take 7 minutes to make 7 identical toys. At the same rate, how many 
minutes would it take for 100 machines to make 100 toys? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 7 (C) 100 (D) 700 
 
 
Q.4  A rectangle becomes a square when its length and breadth are reduced by 10 m and 5 m, 
respectively. During this process, the rectangle loses 650 m
2
 of area. What is the area of the 
original rectangle in square meters? 
 
(A) 1125 (B) 2250 (C) 2924 (D) 4500 
 
 
Q.5  A number consists of two digits. The sum of the digits is 9. If 45 is subtracted from the 
number, its digits are interchanged. What is the number? 
 
(A) 63 (B) 72 (C) 81 (D) 90 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  For integers ?? , ?? and ?? , what would be the minimum and maximum values respectively of 
?? + ?? + ?? if log |?? | + log |?? | + log |?? | = 0? 
 
(A) -3 and 3 (B) -1 and 1 (C) -1 and 3 (D) 1 and 3 
 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 2/2 
Q.7  Given that ?? and ?? are integers and ?? + ?? 2
 ?? 3
 is odd, which one of the following 
statements is correct? 
 
(A) ?? and ?? are both odd (B) ?? and ?? are both even 
(C) ?? is even and ?? is odd (D) ?? is odd and ?? is even 
 
 
Q.8  From the time the front of a train enters a platform, it takes 25 seconds for the back of the 
train to leave the platform, while travelling at a constant speed of 54 km/h. At the same 
speed, it takes 14 seconds to pass a man running at 9 km/h in the same direction as the 
train. What is the length of the train and that of the platform in meters, respectively? 
 
(A) 210 and 140 (B) 162.5 and 187.5 
(C) 245 and 130 (D) 175 and 200 
 
 
Q.9  Which of the following functions describe the graph shown in the below figure? 
 
 
 
(A) ?? = ||?? | + 1| - 2 (B) ?? = ||?? | - 1| - 1 
(C) ?? = ||?? | + 1| - 1 (D) ?? = ||?? - 1| - 1| 
 
 
Q.10  Consider the following three statements: 
(i) Some roses are red. 
(ii) All red flowers fade quickly. 
(iii) Some roses fade quickly. 
 
Which of the following statements can be logically inferred from the above statements? 
 
(A) If (i) is true and (ii) is false, then (iii) is false. 
(B) If (i) is true and (ii) is false, then (iii) is true. 
(C) If (i) and (ii) are true, then (iii) is true.  
(D) If (i) and (ii) are false, then (iii) is false.  
 
 
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Ecology and Evolution 
EY 1/22 
Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each. 
 
 
Q.1  During the Pleistocene, which of the following groups experienced the largest mass 
extinction? 
 
(A) Large dinosaurs 
(B) Large mammals  
(C) Reptiles 
(D) Trilobites  
 
 
 
 
Q.2  In group living species, the term “dilution effect” refers to 
 
(A) reduction in aggression among individuals with increasing group size 
(B) reduction in the mobility of individuals with increasing group size 
(C) reduction in the reproductive success of individuals with increasing group size 
(D) reduction in the risk of predation of individuals with increasing group size 
 
 
 
 
 
Q.3  Which of the following diversity indices best captures species turnover across 
habitats? 
 
(A) ? (B) ? ? (C)  ? (D)  ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “Going by the _________ that many hands make light work, the school _______ involved 
all the students in the task .” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) principle, principal (B) principal, principle 
(C) principle, principle (D) principal, principal 
 
 
Q.2  “Her _______ should not be confused with miserliness; she is ever willing to assist those in 
need. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) cleanliness (B) punctuality (C) frugality (D) greatness 
 
 
Q.3  Seven machines take 7 minutes to make 7 identical toys. At the same rate, how many 
minutes would it take for 100 machines to make 100 toys? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 7 (C) 100 (D) 700 
 
 
Q.4  A rectangle becomes a square when its length and breadth are reduced by 10 m and 5 m, 
respectively. During this process, the rectangle loses 650 m
2
 of area. What is the area of the 
original rectangle in square meters? 
 
(A) 1125 (B) 2250 (C) 2924 (D) 4500 
 
 
Q.5  A number consists of two digits. The sum of the digits is 9. If 45 is subtracted from the 
number, its digits are interchanged. What is the number? 
 
(A) 63 (B) 72 (C) 81 (D) 90 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  For integers ?? , ?? and ?? , what would be the minimum and maximum values respectively of 
?? + ?? + ?? if log |?? | + log |?? | + log |?? | = 0? 
 
(A) -3 and 3 (B) -1 and 1 (C) -1 and 3 (D) 1 and 3 
 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 2/2 
Q.7  Given that ?? and ?? are integers and ?? + ?? 2
 ?? 3
 is odd, which one of the following 
statements is correct? 
 
(A) ?? and ?? are both odd (B) ?? and ?? are both even 
(C) ?? is even and ?? is odd (D) ?? is odd and ?? is even 
 
 
Q.8  From the time the front of a train enters a platform, it takes 25 seconds for the back of the 
train to leave the platform, while travelling at a constant speed of 54 km/h. At the same 
speed, it takes 14 seconds to pass a man running at 9 km/h in the same direction as the 
train. What is the length of the train and that of the platform in meters, respectively? 
 
(A) 210 and 140 (B) 162.5 and 187.5 
(C) 245 and 130 (D) 175 and 200 
 
 
Q.9  Which of the following functions describe the graph shown in the below figure? 
 
 
 
(A) ?? = ||?? | + 1| - 2 (B) ?? = ||?? | - 1| - 1 
(C) ?? = ||?? | + 1| - 1 (D) ?? = ||?? - 1| - 1| 
 
 
Q.10  Consider the following three statements: 
(i) Some roses are red. 
(ii) All red flowers fade quickly. 
(iii) Some roses fade quickly. 
 
Which of the following statements can be logically inferred from the above statements? 
 
(A) If (i) is true and (ii) is false, then (iii) is false. 
(B) If (i) is true and (ii) is false, then (iii) is true. 
(C) If (i) and (ii) are true, then (iii) is true.  
(D) If (i) and (ii) are false, then (iii) is false.  
 
 
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Ecology and Evolution 
EY 1/22 
Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each. 
 
 
Q.1  During the Pleistocene, which of the following groups experienced the largest mass 
extinction? 
 
(A) Large dinosaurs 
(B) Large mammals  
(C) Reptiles 
(D) Trilobites  
 
 
 
 
Q.2  In group living species, the term “dilution effect” refers to 
 
(A) reduction in aggression among individuals with increasing group size 
(B) reduction in the mobility of individuals with increasing group size 
(C) reduction in the reproductive success of individuals with increasing group size 
(D) reduction in the risk of predation of individuals with increasing group size 
 
 
 
 
 
Q.3  Which of the following diversity indices best captures species turnover across 
habitats? 
 
(A) ? (B) ? ? (C)  ? (D)  ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Ecology and Evolution 
EY 2/22 
 
 
 
Q.4  A duck egg is removed from its mother’s nest and incubated by a barnyard hen. The 
duckling hatches out in the presence of the barnyard hen and stays in her nest. After 
a couple of days, the duckling is presented with a choice between its biological 
mother and the hen that incubated it. The duckling approaches and follows the hen. 
This set of observations demonstrates the phenomenon of     
 
(A) habituation 
(B) imprinting  
(C) instinct 
(D) sensitization 
 
 
 
 
 
Q.5  If both of your ears were located next to each other in the middle of your face, you 
would have difficulty in resolving the 
 
(A) direction of a sound  
(B) duration of a sound  
(C) loudness of a sound 
(D) pitch of a sound 
 
 
 
 
Q.6  Forager bees communicate the distance of a food source using a waggle dance upon 
return to the hive. It is observed that the number of waggles of a dance increases 
linearly with the distance to the food source. This tells us that the 
 
(A) number of waggles and distance to food source is negatively correlated 
(B) number of waggles and distance to food source is positively correlated 
(C) number of waggles affects the distance to the food source 
(D) number of waggles and the distance to the food source are uncorrelated 
 
 
 
 
Page 5


GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 1/2 
Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 
Q.1  “Going by the _________ that many hands make light work, the school _______ involved 
all the students in the task .” 
 
The words that best fill the blanks in the above sentence are  
 
(A) principle, principal (B) principal, principle 
(C) principle, principle (D) principal, principal 
 
 
Q.2  “Her _______ should not be confused with miserliness; she is ever willing to assist those in 
need. ” 
 
The word that best fills the blank in the above sentence is  
 
(A) cleanliness (B) punctuality (C) frugality (D) greatness 
 
 
Q.3  Seven machines take 7 minutes to make 7 identical toys. At the same rate, how many 
minutes would it take for 100 machines to make 100 toys? 
 
(A) 1 (B) 7 (C) 100 (D) 700 
 
 
Q.4  A rectangle becomes a square when its length and breadth are reduced by 10 m and 5 m, 
respectively. During this process, the rectangle loses 650 m
2
 of area. What is the area of the 
original rectangle in square meters? 
 
(A) 1125 (B) 2250 (C) 2924 (D) 4500 
 
 
Q.5  A number consists of two digits. The sum of the digits is 9. If 45 is subtracted from the 
number, its digits are interchanged. What is the number? 
 
(A) 63 (B) 72 (C) 81 (D) 90 
 
 
Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 
 
Q.6  For integers ?? , ?? and ?? , what would be the minimum and maximum values respectively of 
?? + ?? + ?? if log |?? | + log |?? | + log |?? | = 0? 
 
(A) -3 and 3 (B) -1 and 1 (C) -1 and 3 (D) 1 and 3 
 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                            General Aptitude (GA) Set-1  
GA 2/2 
Q.7  Given that ?? and ?? are integers and ?? + ?? 2
 ?? 3
 is odd, which one of the following 
statements is correct? 
 
(A) ?? and ?? are both odd (B) ?? and ?? are both even 
(C) ?? is even and ?? is odd (D) ?? is odd and ?? is even 
 
 
Q.8  From the time the front of a train enters a platform, it takes 25 seconds for the back of the 
train to leave the platform, while travelling at a constant speed of 54 km/h. At the same 
speed, it takes 14 seconds to pass a man running at 9 km/h in the same direction as the 
train. What is the length of the train and that of the platform in meters, respectively? 
 
(A) 210 and 140 (B) 162.5 and 187.5 
(C) 245 and 130 (D) 175 and 200 
 
 
Q.9  Which of the following functions describe the graph shown in the below figure? 
 
 
 
(A) ?? = ||?? | + 1| - 2 (B) ?? = ||?? | - 1| - 1 
(C) ?? = ||?? | + 1| - 1 (D) ?? = ||?? - 1| - 1| 
 
 
Q.10  Consider the following three statements: 
(i) Some roses are red. 
(ii) All red flowers fade quickly. 
(iii) Some roses fade quickly. 
 
Which of the following statements can be logically inferred from the above statements? 
 
(A) If (i) is true and (ii) is false, then (iii) is false. 
(B) If (i) is true and (ii) is false, then (iii) is true. 
(C) If (i) and (ii) are true, then (iii) is true.  
(D) If (i) and (ii) are false, then (iii) is false.  
 
 
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Ecology and Evolution 
EY 1/22 
Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each. 
 
 
Q.1  During the Pleistocene, which of the following groups experienced the largest mass 
extinction? 
 
(A) Large dinosaurs 
(B) Large mammals  
(C) Reptiles 
(D) Trilobites  
 
 
 
 
Q.2  In group living species, the term “dilution effect” refers to 
 
(A) reduction in aggression among individuals with increasing group size 
(B) reduction in the mobility of individuals with increasing group size 
(C) reduction in the reproductive success of individuals with increasing group size 
(D) reduction in the risk of predation of individuals with increasing group size 
 
 
 
 
 
Q.3  Which of the following diversity indices best captures species turnover across 
habitats? 
 
(A) ? (B) ? ? (C)  ? (D)  ? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Ecology and Evolution 
EY 2/22 
 
 
 
Q.4  A duck egg is removed from its mother’s nest and incubated by a barnyard hen. The 
duckling hatches out in the presence of the barnyard hen and stays in her nest. After 
a couple of days, the duckling is presented with a choice between its biological 
mother and the hen that incubated it. The duckling approaches and follows the hen. 
This set of observations demonstrates the phenomenon of     
 
(A) habituation 
(B) imprinting  
(C) instinct 
(D) sensitization 
 
 
 
 
 
Q.5  If both of your ears were located next to each other in the middle of your face, you 
would have difficulty in resolving the 
 
(A) direction of a sound  
(B) duration of a sound  
(C) loudness of a sound 
(D) pitch of a sound 
 
 
 
 
Q.6  Forager bees communicate the distance of a food source using a waggle dance upon 
return to the hive. It is observed that the number of waggles of a dance increases 
linearly with the distance to the food source. This tells us that the 
 
(A) number of waggles and distance to food source is negatively correlated 
(B) number of waggles and distance to food source is positively correlated 
(C) number of waggles affects the distance to the food source 
(D) number of waggles and the distance to the food source are uncorrelated 
 
 
 
 
GATE 2018                                                                                                                                                                         Ecology and Evolution 
EY 3/22 
 
 
 
Q.7  Male frogs display to females by producing loud acoustic signals. The use of these 
signals by bats to locate frogs and prey upon them is an example of    
 
(A) aposematism  
(B) deception 
(C) eavesdropping 
(D) mimicry 
 
 
 
 
Q.8  A non-venomous, non-toxic species of snake is brightly coloured and closely 
resembles a venomous snake species in the same habitat. This is most likely a case 
of  
 
(A) aggressive mimicry 
(B) Batesian mimicry 
(C) masquerade 
(D) Müllerian mimicry 
 
 
 
 
Q.9  The value of the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron is closest to the 
equilibrium potential of which of the following ions? 
 
(A) Ca
++
 (B) ? K
+
 (C)  Mg
++
 (D)  Na
+
 
 
 
 
 
Q.10  A plant species found in India produces flowers that are white, fragrant, and tubular. 
Which of the following is the most likely pollinating agent?  
 
(A) Hummingbirds  (B) Lorises 
(C) Moths (D) Wind