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Effect of Temperature on Electrical Resistivity of Metals Video Lecture - Civil Engineering (CE)

FAQs on Effect of Temperature on Electrical Resistivity of Metals Video Lecture - Civil Engineering (CE)

1. What is the effect of temperature on the electrical resistivity of metals?

Ans. The electrical resistivity of metals generally increases with an increase in temperature. This is because at higher temperatures, the atoms in the metal vibrate more vigorously, causing more collisions between the free electrons and the atoms. These collisions impede the flow of electrons, resulting in an increase in resistivity.

2. Why does the electrical resistivity of metals increase with temperature?

Ans. The increase in electrical resistivity with temperature can be explained by the scattering of electrons. As temperature rises, the thermal vibrations of atoms and lattice defects increase, leading to more frequent collisions between the electrons and these obstacles. These collisions hinder the movement of electrons, causing an increase in resistivity.

3. Is the increase in electrical resistivity the same for all metals with temperature?

Ans. No, the increase in electrical resistivity with temperature varies for different metals. Some metals, like silver and copper, exhibit a relatively small increase in resistivity with temperature. These metals are called "good conductors" as they have a high thermal conductivity and low temperature coefficient of resistivity. On the other hand, metals like iron and nickel have a higher temperature coefficient of resistivity, resulting in a more significant increase in resistivity with temperature.

4. Does temperature affect the electrical conductivity of metals?

Ans. Yes, temperature affects the electrical conductivity of metals. Electrical conductivity is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity, so as resistivity increases with temperature, conductivity decreases. This means that the ability of a metal to conduct electric current decreases as temperature rises.

5. Are there any exceptions to the general trend of increasing resistivity with temperature in metals?

Ans. Yes, there are exceptions to the general trend. Some metals, such as tungsten and manganin, exhibit a decrease in resistivity with increasing temperature over a certain temperature range. This phenomenon is known as "negative temperature coefficient of resistivity" and is due to complex interactions between the lattice vibrations, electron-electron interactions, and impurity scattering in these specific metals.

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Jan 15, 2025 Last updated

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