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Exact Differential Equations Video Lecture | Mathematics for Competitive Exams

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FAQs on Exact Differential Equations Video Lecture - Mathematics for Competitive Exams

1. What is an exact differential equation?
Ans. An exact differential equation is a type of differential equation where the total differential of the equation's left-hand side is equal to the total differential of its right-hand side. In other words, the equation can be written in the form M(x, y)dx + N(x, y)dy = 0, where M and N are continuous functions of x and y. This property allows us to solve the equation by finding a function called the potential function, whose partial derivatives with respect to x and y match the coefficients of dx and dy in the equation.
2. How can we determine if a differential equation is exact?
Ans. To determine if a differential equation is exact, we need to check if the equation satisfies the condition ∂M/∂y = ∂N/∂x, where M and N are the coefficients of dx and dy in the equation. If this condition holds, then the equation is exact. If not, the equation is not exact, and we may need to apply certain techniques, such as finding an integrating factor, to transform it into an exact equation.
3. What is the significance of solving exact differential equations?
Ans. Solving exact differential equations is significant because it allows us to find a general solution that encompasses all possible particular solutions. By finding a potential function using the method of integration, we can obtain a family of curves that satisfy the given differential equation. This enables us to understand and describe various phenomena in physics, engineering, economics, and other fields, where differential equations are commonly encountered.
4. What are some techniques used to solve exact differential equations?
Ans. Some techniques used to solve exact differential equations include finding a potential function, using integrating factors, and simplifying the equation by multiplying through by a suitable integrating factor. The potential function approach involves finding a function F(x, y) such that ∂F/∂x = M(x, y) and ∂F/∂y = N(x, y), where M and N are the coefficients of dx and dy in the equation. Integrating factors involve multiplying the equation by a suitable function to make it exact, while simplification techniques involve manipulating the equation to make it easier to solve.
5. Can all differential equations be solved using the method of exact differential equations?
Ans. No, not all differential equations can be solved using the method of exact differential equations. The method of exact differential equations can only be applied to equations that satisfy the condition ∂M/∂y = ∂N/∂x. If this condition is not met, the equation is not exact, and alternative methods, such as separation of variables, substitution, or applying specific formulas, may need to be used to solve the differential equation. It is important to analyze the given equation and determine the most appropriate method for solving it.
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