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8th  Science  Chapter 3 - Synthetic Fibres and Plastics[Solved Questions]
 

Q. Name some natural fibres?

Answer: Fibres obtained from plants or animals is called natural fibres for examples cotton, wool, silk, etc.

Q. What do you mean by synthetic fibres?
Answer: Fibres made by human beings using chemical substance is called synthetic fibre.  A synthetic fibre is a chain of small unit of chemical substance joined together. These small units combine to form a large single unit called a polymer. The word ‘polymer’ comes from two Greek words; poly meaning many and mer meaning part/unit. So, a polymer is made of many repeating units.

Q. Name a polymer occurs naturally?
Answer: Polymers that occur naturally is cellulose. Cellulose is made up of a large number of glucose units.

Q. Name a fibre having properties similar to that of silk.
Answer: Rayon.

Q. Although rayon is obtained from a natural source, wood pulp, yet it is a man-made fibre. Why?
Answer: This is because rayon is obtained by chemical treatment of wood pulp.

Q. Why does Nylon become very popular for making clothes for mankind?
Answer: Nylon is the first fully synthetic fibre prepared from coal, water and air in 1931. Nylon fibres are strong, elastic and light. It is lustrous and easy to wash. So, it became very popular for making clothes.

Q. Is nylon fibre really so strong that we can make nylon parachutes and ropes for rock climbing?
Answer: Yes, It is because nylon thread is actually stronger than a steel wire.

Q. Why does polyester fibre quite suitable for making dress material?
Answer: Fabric made from Polyester fibre does not get wrinkled easily. It remains crisp and is easy to wash. So, it is quite suitable for making dress material. Terylene is popular polyester.

Q. Name a form of polyster which is used for making bottles, utensils, films, wires and many other useful products?
Ans: PET: PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is made from two monomers, terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, by the process called condensation polymerization

Q. Name the chemical used to make polyster?
Answer: Esters are the chemicals used to make polyster.

Q. Why synthetic fibres are more popular than natural fibres?
Answer: Synthetic fibres  dry up quickly, durable, less expensive, readily available and easy to maintain which makes them more popular than natural fibres.

Q. Identify the Synthetic fibre appears to resemble wool?
Answer: acrylic.

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FAQs on Extra Important Questions - Synthetic Fibres & Plastics - Class 8

1. What are synthetic fibres and plastics?
Ans. Synthetic fibres are man-made fibres that are produced chemically. They are made up of polymers and can be produced in different forms, such as fibres, films, and sheets. Plastics are also synthetic materials that are made up of polymers. They are used to make a variety of items such as bottles, bags, toys, and electronic devices.
2. What are the advantages of using synthetic fibres and plastics?
Ans. Synthetic fibres and plastics have several advantages. They are lightweight, durable, and strong. They are also resistant to water, chemicals, and UV radiation. They can be easily moulded into different shapes and sizes, making them ideal for a variety of applications.
3. What are the environmental impacts of synthetic fibres and plastics?
Ans. Synthetic fibres and plastics are not biodegradable and can take hundreds of years to decompose. They can also release harmful chemicals into the environment when they are burned or disposed of improperly. Plastic waste is a major contributor to pollution in oceans and other ecosystems, and it can harm wildlife and marine life.
4. How can we reduce the environmental impact of synthetic fibres and plastics?
Ans. There are several ways to reduce the environmental impact of synthetic fibres and plastics. One way is to recycle them. Many types of plastics can be recycled, and recycled plastics can be used to make new products. Another way is to reduce the use of disposable plastics, such as plastic bags and water bottles. Using reusable bags and containers can help reduce plastic waste.
5. What are some common types of synthetic fibres and plastics?
Ans. Some common types of synthetic fibres include polyester, nylon, acrylic, and spandex. Some common types of plastics include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and PVC. Each type of synthetic fibre and plastic has unique properties that make it suitable for different applications.
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