Fisheries in Himachal Pradesh | HPPSC HPAS Preparation - HPPSC HPAS (Himachal Pardesh) PDF Download

Introduction

Himachal Pradesh is a state rich in natural resources, especially with its rivers originating from glaciers. These rivers flow through mountainous terrains, eventually reaching the semi-plain areas of the state, and provide oxygen-rich water essential for diverse aquatic life. This natural bounty supports a flourishing fishery industry, particularly benefiting from the cold-water fish species found in the region.

Cold Water Fisheries in Himachal Pradesh

• Rivers and Fish Species: The state’s primary rivers, such as the Beas, Satluj, and Ravi, are home to various streams and support valuable cold-water fish species. These include Schizothorax, Golden Mahseer, and exotic Trouts.
• Trout Farming Success: The Indo-Norwegian Trout farming project has been successful, showcasing the potential of cold-water resources. Local communities have shown great interest in adopting these advanced aquaculture techniques.

Economic Impact of Reservoir Fisheries

• Livelihood of Fishermen: Approximately 5,567 fishermen in Himachal Pradesh directly rely on reservoir fisheries for their livelihood.
• Fish Production Statistics:
  • 2020-21 Production: Up to December 2020, the state produced 9,811 metric tonnes (MT) of fish, valued at ₹122.86 crore.
  • Trout Sales: During the same period, 4.74 tonnes of trout were sold from state farms, generating ₹71.50 lakh in revenue.

Fish Seed Production

Seed Production Facilities: The Department of Fisheries has established both Carp and Trout seed production farms to meet the needs of reservoirs, rural ponds, and commercial farms.

Production Figures (2020-21):

• Common Carp: 12.96 lakh fingerlings (70 mm and above).
• Indian Major Carps (IMC): 3.67 lakh fingerlings of similar size.
• Rainbow Brown Trout: 4.76 lakh fingerlings.
• Value of Seed Production: The total value of the seed production for the year 2020-21 up to December was approximately ₹40.43 lakh.

Support and Welfare Schemes for Fishermen

Insurance and Risk Fund:

• Fishermen benefit from an insurance scheme providing ₹5 lakh in case of death or permanent disability.
• Losses to fishing gear and crafts are partially covered under the “Risk Fund Scheme,” with the state bearing up to 50% of the losses.

Saving-Cum-Relief Fund:

• A contributory saving scheme is available where the state matches the deposited savings during the off-season. In 2020-21, ₹160 lakh was allocated, benefiting 3,557 fishermen.

Trout Livestock Insurance Scheme:

• Introduced in the financial year 2020-21, this scheme provides insurance cover for trout livestock, with the premium shared between the state and beneficiaries in a 65:35 ratio. This year, 43 trout units by 29 fish farmers were insured.

Employment and Development Initiatives

• Self-Employment Opportunities: The Fishery Department created 317 self-employment opportunities through various schemes.

Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY):

• Under this scheme, projects worth ₹5,914.59 lakh were submitted, including contributions from the central government, state government, and beneficiaries.
• The Government of India sanctioned ₹4,063.00 lakh, with ₹1,877.99 lakh as central share, ₹208.67 lakh as state share, and ₹1,976.34 lakh as beneficiaries' share.
• The first installment of ₹300.00 lakh has been released for implementing projects such as establishing fish kiosks, ornamental fish units, biofloc systems, and trout farms.

Trout and Carp Farms in Himachal Pradesh

Trout Farms:

• Barot (Mandi)
• Dhamwari (Shimla)
• Holi (Chamba)
• Patlikuhl (Kullu)
• Sangla (Kinnaur)

Carp Farms:

• Deoli (Bilaspur)
• Alsu (Mandi)
• Sultanpur (Chamba)
• Deoli (Una)
• Nalagarh (Solan)
• Kangra

Mahasheer Fish Farm:

• Macchial (Jogindernagar), District Mandi