The 'Digital India' campaign aims to incorporate digital technologies into ___ processes.

Administrative

True or False: Electronic records are not accepted as evidence in Indian courts.

False. Electronic records are accepted as evidence in Indian courts if they comply with the Indian Evidence Act guidelines.

Electronic records can greatly influence the outcomes of ___, ___, and ___ judicial cases.

Civil, criminal, and other

What are the two main classifications of evidence according to the Indian Evidence Act of 1872?

Oral evidence and documentary evidence

Fill in the blank: The rapid expansion of digitalization in governance is a crucial foundation for ___, ___, and ___ in various sectors.

Documentation, processing, and communication

True or False: The misuse of cyberspace has led to a decrease in cybercrimes.

False. The misuse of cyberspace has led to an increase in cybercrimes.

What unique challenges do electronic records present regarding their use in legal proceedings?

Challenges of proper authentication and the risk of manipulation

Fill in the blank: According to Section 3 of the Indian Evidence Act, evidence can be classified as either ___ or ___ evidence.

Oral, documentary

Primary evidence refers to ___, while secondary evidence includes ___ of documents.

The original electronic record; computer-generated outputs

What is a key condition for the admissibility of secondary evidence in court according to the Indian Evidence Act?

It must meet the conditions outlined in Section 65B.

Secondary evidence may include certified copies or ___ of documents that cannot be produced in court.

Counterparts

What is the primary challenge in producing primary evidence stored on electronic devices?

Practical challenges involve accessing and retrieving data from hard disks, cloud servers, and other storage devices.

Fill in the blank: Secondary evidence can be presented in court through ___, magnetic or optical media, or electronic devices.

Printed copies

True or False: Electronic records can only be admitted as primary evidence in court.

False. Electronic records can be admitted as secondary evidence if they satisfy the conditions outlined in Section 65B.

The information from electronic records must be produced by a person who is legally authorized to control the ___ device.

Electronic

What are the essential elements required for the admissibility of electronic evidence under the Indian Evidence Act?

True or False: Any form of editing to electronic records is permissible as long as the original device is functioning.

False. Any storage, copying, or counterpart creation must be free from distortion, manual edits, or manipulation to ensure authenticity.

Fill in the blank: Printed information from electronic records on paper can be considered ___ evidence under Section 65B.

Secondary

What must be ensured about the electronic device used for storing information in order for it to be admissible in court?

The electronic device must be functioning properly to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of the information.

Electronic records defined by the Information Technology Act, 2008 include formats such as ___, ___, and ___ .

DVDs, telephonic recordings, and emails.