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Friedel-Crafts Alkylation- CBSE, Class 12, Chemistry PDF Download

What is fiedel craft alkylation ?
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it is one of the example of friedal craft alkylation. an alkyl group is added to a benzene ring undergoes electrophilic substitution....HOPE U GOT IT...

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FAQs on Friedel-Crafts Alkylation- CBSE, Class 12, Chemistry

1. What is Friedel-Crafts alkylation?
Ans. Friedel-Crafts alkylation is a chemical reaction in which an alkyl group is introduced onto an aromatic compound using a Lewis acid catalyst, typically aluminum chloride (AlCl3). This reaction is an important method for the synthesis of alkylated aromatic compounds.
2. How does Friedel-Crafts alkylation work?
Ans. In Friedel-Crafts alkylation, an alkyl halide reacts with an aromatic compound in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst. The Lewis acid activates the alkyl halide by forming a complex with it, making it more susceptible to nucleophilic attack. The aromatic compound acts as the nucleophile and attacks the carbon atom of the alkyl halide, leading to the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond and the substitution of the halogen with an alkyl group.
3. Why is aluminum chloride used as a catalyst in Friedel-Crafts alkylation?
Ans. Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is commonly used as a catalyst in Friedel-Crafts alkylation due to its Lewis acidity. It acts as a Lewis acid by accepting a pair of electrons from the aromatic compound, facilitating the reaction. Additionally, aluminum chloride can form a complex with the alkyl halide, enhancing its reactivity and making it more susceptible to nucleophilic attack.
4. What are the limitations of Friedel-Crafts alkylation?
Ans. Friedel-Crafts alkylation has some limitations. One major limitation is the formation of polyalkylated products. Since the reaction is not selective, multiple alkyl groups can be added to the aromatic compound, leading to the formation of unwanted polyalkylated products. Another limitation is the incompatibility of certain functional groups, such as nitro (-NO2) and sulfonic acid (-SO3H) groups, which can undergo side reactions or be deactivated by the Lewis acid catalyst.
5. How can the regioselectivity of Friedel-Crafts alkylation be controlled?
Ans. The regioselectivity of Friedel-Crafts alkylation, which refers to the preference of adding the alkyl group to a specific position on the aromatic ring, can be controlled by using different reaction conditions. For example, modifying the reaction temperature, solvent, or the ratio of reactants can influence the regioselectivity. Additionally, directing groups can be used to selectively activate a specific position on the aromatic ring, directing the alkyl group to that position and improving the regioselectivity of the reaction.
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